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341.
Deep and narrow channels in Danish Straits are one of the governing factors for the Baltic–North Sea water and salt exchange. The channels have a depth up to 50 m and a horizontal scale of a few hundred meters. The typical horizontal resolution used in current operational three dimensional Baltic–North Sea models is 1 nautical mile (nm) which can not well resolve these deep channels. In this paper, an alternative method is used to generate the 1 nm resolution bathymetry so that the deep channel is well resolved and at the same time the total water volume is roughly conserved. The impact of the new bathymetry on modelling water and salt transports as well as temperature and salinity structure is assessed by comparing a 3-year model run with the adjusted bathymetry and a control run with the averaged bathymetry. Volume and salt transports through the Great Belt are examined in the two runs. The results show that the model ocean is dominated by a typical two-layer transport (i.e., upper brackish Baltic outflow and lower saltier inflow), and the new bathymetry significantly enhances the two-layer transport. The lighter Baltic outflow is increased by 18% in the upper 10 m and saltier deep inflow is increased by 300% (in comparison with the old bathymetry) below 10 m. The total net transport into the Baltic Sea is increased by 13%. The temperature and salinity structure is also significantly influenced by the bathymetry, especially during inflow events. The stratification is strengthened and the bottom salinity is increased in Danish Straits and adjacent waters. The bathymetry impact is found significant through the entire 3-year model run period, and the signal is propagated to a large area covering the Stopple Channel. Comparison with observations show that such changes are positive improvements to the models. The results suggest that the deep channels in the Danish Straits have to be carefully resolved in order to correctly simulate the Baltic–North Sea water exchange. 相似文献
342.
水与其他资源相比,既有明显的以自然区域为整体的特性,又有离不开经济区域与行政区域的影响与约束,其开发利用与运行管理必须全面考虑与之相关的方方面面,水资源保护措施主要采取工程措施和非工程措施。 相似文献
343.
湿陷性黄土国内中西部地区分布较广,给公路工程的路基施工和成形质量造成一定的影响;本文通过数理分析结合实践经验总结探索了相应的施工对策. 相似文献
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The authors have already examined a method for evaluating the capsizing probability of a ship in the dead ship condition based
on a piecewise linear approximation of the restoring arm. Here, this method is extended to ships with trapped water on deck.
This is because the stability of ships having a relatively high bulwark, such as fishing vessels, could substantially deteriorate
due to trapped water on deck. First, the mean amount of water trapped on deck was estimated as a function of the significant
wave height and the mean wave period using a model experiment in irregular beam seas. Second, the restoring arm curve with
trapped water on deck was calculated hydrostatically and then approximated with a piecewise linear curve. Third, the roll
angle was estimated using a nonlinear and uncoupled equation of absolute roll angle under stochastic wave and wind exciting
moments. The short-term and long-term capsizing probabilities were calculated for a fishing vessel operating off Kyushu. Numerical
results quantitatively demonstrated that the effect on capsizing probability of trapped water on deck cannot be ignored when
accurately evaluating the stability of fishing vessels. 相似文献
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减水剂对水泥稳定碎石性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
温兴水 《浙江交通职业技术学院学报》2006,7(4):5-7,19
通过水泥稳定碎石基层掺加减水剂的试验,研究减水剂对水泥稳定碎石性能的彰响,特别是收缩性能。试验结果表明,适量的减水剂能降低基层材料的收缩量;不同类型的减水剂对收缩性能影响差异性不大。 相似文献