船舶航行自动避让研究--船舶自动避让系统的危险度评价

提出1种船舶航行自动避让系统的组成方式，利用AIS或ARPA获得相关避让数据，根据不同的航行区域与条件，通过对来船的方位、来船与本船的相对距离、DCPA(最近会遇点距离)和TCPA(最近会遇点时间)数据的评价，给出相应的合理避让依据，供系统进行决策和采取自动避让措施，以达到船舶航行安全的目的。     

悬臂施工阶段大跨径刚构桥稳定性的参数分析

针对悬臂施工阶段中大跨径预应力混凝土刚构桥的稳定性问题,依据弹性屈曲理论、挠度理论、弹塑性理论和压溃理论,计算和分析几何非线性、材料非线性、初始几何缺陷以及混凝土材料的压碎、开裂、骨料咬合效应等因素的影响;研究墩身偏斜度、施工荷载形式以及桥墩系梁刚度等参数对悬臂施工阶段大跨径预应力混凝土刚构桥稳定性的影响效应。分析和研究结果表明:混凝土材料的力学特性对大跨径预应力混凝土刚构桥在悬臂施工阶段中的稳定性有明显的影响;结构稳定系数随墩顶初始横向偏位的增加而呈分段二次曲线规律减小;桥墩系梁刚度与结构稳定系数的关系遵循指数曲线规律;非对称形式的施工荷载对悬臂施工阶段大跨径预应力混凝土刚构桥的稳定性更为不利。     

航运企业选择战略联盟伙伴的决策方法

战略联盟作为企业经营的一种新理念 ,自美国DEC公司总裁简·霍普兰德 (J .Hopland)和管理学家罗杰·奈杰尔 (R .Nigle)提出以来 ,在近 2 0多年的时间里 ,越来越多的企业通过战略联盟的方式参与全球竞争 ,并取得了显著的效果。这一组织制度的创新理论 ,迅速成为各大公司获取自身利益最大化的最优选择。我国加入WTO后 ,航运业的竞争也将日趋激烈 ,对如何提高航运企业的竞争优势 ,作出合理的决策 ,关系到企业的生存大计。通过对航运企业实施战略联盟的分析 ,提出了航运企业在选择战略联盟伙伴时 ,可供采取的模糊综合评判决策方法     

魁岐排涝站的施工排水

本文介绍了福州魁歧排涝站施工中地下水情况．介绍了采用单管旋喷防渗墙、钢板桩加高喷法封底、井点降水法、集水井、台阶式开挖支护压底等方法来解决施工排水问题，并对他们的效益作出分析总结。     

轮轨结构参数对列车运动稳定性的影响

基于车辆—轨道耦合动力学理论,运用动力学仿真软件TTISIM,系统地分析和探讨了机车车辆的抗蛇行减振器,一系悬挂刚度,转向架轴距,车轮踏面锥度对临界速度的影响,以及轨距,钢轨小反,轨底坡,扣件刚度和阻尼等参数对列车稳定性的影响。指出在计算机车车辆的临界速度时,不仅要考虑整车的结构参数和模型,还应把轨道模型和结构参数纳入整个模型和分析过程。这对铁路机车车辆结构参数优化设计,提高或改善机车车辆运动稳定性,及既有线提速改造和高(快)速铁路修建等工程问题均具有实际意义。     

Trace metals in water, sediments and marine organisms from the northern part of the Gulf of Suez, Red Sea

Concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn were determined in water, sediments, gastropod (Bulla umpulla) and green algae (Ulva lactuca) collected from five stations in the western side of the northern part of the Gulf of Suez during the period February 1993–January 1994. Sediments recorded the highest concentrations of Cd (2.26–4.40 μg/g) and Pb (13.90–28.34 μg/g), While the highest concentrations of the essential metals Cu and Zn were found in B. umpulla (28.19–72.04 and 60.24–108.74 μg/g, respectively). Water and sediments showed similar spatial distribution patterns for the highest mean values of the different metals. Highest values of the studied metals were found at stations influenced by various pollution sources such as harbours, and sewage and industrial drains. In contrast, the lowest concentrations were observed faraway from any pollution source. Calculations of concentration factors (C.F.) for gastropod and algae showed highest C.F. of Cd (4312.5–8705.9) and Pb (2103.3–8317.9) in algae, and highest C.F. of Cu (5288.9–42376.5) and Zn (3686.7–9631.5) in gastropod.     

Long-term changes of inorganic nutrients in the Lagoon of Venice (Italy)

The paper aims at investigating the trends of the concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorous in the Lagoon of Venice, Italy, in the last 35 years. The trend analysis of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and reactive phosphorus (RP) yielded rather different results. The decrease in ammonia nitrogen concentration, in particular, in the basin influenced by severe industrial discharges, is accurately described by a negative exponential model. The nitrate concentration did not show significant interannual trends, while wide seasonal variations have been detected. Reactive phosphorus concentration increased until the end of the 1970s at the stations close to the industrial area as well as in those influenced by river discharges and by sewages of the city of Venice. The sudden decrease that followed was most likely related with environmental policies, namely the improvement of wastewater purification treatments and the regulation of phosphorus use in detergents.     

含盐量及含水量对氯盐盐渍土抗剪强度参数的影响

盐渍土作为一类特殊的工程地质体,其抗剪强度受环境因素的影响是复杂的。通过室内试验,分析不同含盐量和含水量条件下氯盐盐渍土抗剪强度的变化规律,研究含盐量、含水量对盐渍土抗剪强度的影响机理。研究表明:在含水量达到一定量时,随着CaCl2含量的增加,氯盐盐渍土的抗剪强度参数值是先减小后增大,达到最小值时的土体临界含盐量为10.36%;在含盐量一定的情况下含水量从8%增到10%时,抗剪强度参数值减小幅度比较大,而从10%增到15.56%时,抗剪强度参数值减小幅度明显变小;土中易溶盐相态的变化,从土颗粒间溶液的离子浓度和土体骨架作用两方面影响盐渍土的抗剪强度;当含盐量一定时,随着含水量的增大,土粒间离子的浓度逐渐减小,使得扩散层厚度增大,粘结力减小。     

挡土墙裂缝问题的分析与探讨

分析了水工混凝土挡土墙产生裂缝的原因,提出了防治措施。     

试论水上交通事故责任认定的不可诉性

对水上交通事故责任认定不服,是否可以提起行政复议或者行政诉讼这一问题,在海事管理机构内部一直持有不同的观点。文章通过对法学的理解,分析了水上交通事故责任认定的特点、行政行为的法理分类和司法判例等诸多方面,提出不服水上交通事故责任认定不宜通过行政诉讼途径解决的观点。