基于灰色层次分析法的导航系统滤波效能评估

综合灰色理论和层次分析法提出一种滤波效能评估方法。描述了该方法的评估步骤,通过层次分析法确定指标的权重,利用灰色理论对效能进行量化评估。最后给出一个实例进行计算。结果表明：基于灰色层次分析法的导航系统滤波效能评估方法是有效的。     

洗坛废水处理工程应用研究

该文介绍了某企业洗坛废水的处理工程。洗坛废水有机污染物(CODcr)浓度较低,可生化性较好,水质水量波动大,SS较高。某企业本着"节能减排、综合利用"的原则,采用了以生物接触氧化法为主,以预处理+深度处理为辅的组合工艺处理洗坛废水,系统运行稳定、效率高、运行成本低。工程运行结果表明,CODcr和SS处理后出水水质达到设计要求,可直接排放和回用于洗坛用水。同时,就工程中存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了解决办法。     

自适应算法在单轴激光惯导初始对准中的应用

针对传统的卡尔曼滤波在单轴旋转激光惯导动基座初始对准中当系统噪声和量测噪声未知时,会导致滤波精度下降甚至发散的问题,设计了简化Sage-Husa自适应滤波算法,建立了动基座条件下的单轴旋转激光捷联惯导的误差方程,利用设计的算法进行了仿真,结果表明在误差模型较大时,自适应滤波算法可以很好的提高滤波精度和稳定性。     

New approaches to enhance active steering system functionalities: preliminary results

An important development of the steering systems in general is active steering systems like active front steering and steer-by-wire systems. In this paper the current functional possibilities in application of active steering systems are explored. A new approach and additional functionalities are presented that can be implemented to the active steering systems without additional hardware such as new sensors and electronic control units. Commercial active steering systems are controlling the steering angle depending on the driving situation only. This paper introduce methods for enhancing active steering system functionalities depending not only on the driving situation but also vehicle parameters like vehicle mass, tyre and road condition. In this regard, adaptation of the steering ratio as a function of above mentioned vehicle parameters is presented with examples. With some selected vehicle parameter changes, the reduction of the undesired influences on vehicle dynamics of these parameter changes has been demonstrated theoretically with simulations and with real-time driving measurements.     

A numerical model of a HIL scaled roller rig for simulation of wheel–rail degraded adhesion condition

Scaled roller rigs used for railway applications play a fundamental role in the development of new technologies and new devices, combining the hardware in the loop (HIL) benefits with the reduction of the economic investments. The main problem of the scaled roller rig with respect to the full scale ones is the improved complexity due to the scaling factors. For this reason, before building the test rig, the development of a software model of the HIL system can be useful to analyse the system behaviour in different operative conditions. One has to consider the multi-body behaviour of the scaled roller rig, the controller and the model of the virtual vehicle, whose dynamics has to be reproduced on the rig. The main purpose of this work is the development of a complete model that satisfies the previous requirements and in particular the performance analysis of the controller and of the dynamical behaviour of the scaled roller rig when some disturbances are simulated with low adhesion conditions. Since the scaled roller rig will be used to simulate degraded adhesion conditions, accurate and realistic wheel–roller contact model also has to be included in the model. The contact model consists of two parts: the contact point detection and the adhesion model. The first part is based on a numerical method described in some previous studies for the wheel–rail case and modified to simulate the three-dimensional contact between revolute surfaces (wheel–roller). The second part consists in the evaluation of the contact forces by means of the Hertz theory for the normal problem and the Kalker theory for the tangential problem. Some numerical tests were performed, in particular low adhesion conditions were simulated, and bogie hunting and dynamical imbalance of the wheelsets were introduced. The tests were devoted to verify the robustness of control system with respect to some of the more frequent disturbances that may influence the roller rig dynamics. In particular we verified that the wheelset imbalance could significantly influence system performance, and to reduce the effect of this disturbance a multistate filter was designed.     

基于GPS/DR的现代有轨电车定位方法研究

针对现代有轨电车运行环境和运营特点,采用GPS定位为主,航位推算为辅的车辆定位方案,确保现代有轨电车在运营线路上定位信息的连续性和完整性。采用卡尔曼滤波等数据处理方法,减少传感器采集数据的零偏漂移和随机漂移,降低航位推算的累积误差,提高定位信息的精确性。由理论分析和跑车试验可以看出,组合定位方案和数据处理方法可以有效实现现代有轨电车在全部运行线路上的跟踪和定位。     

基于当前统计模型的地图匹配车辆跟踪研究

为提高车辆跟踪系统的精度，减小差分全球定位系统（DGPS）的定位误差，通过分析行驶在城市道路上的车辆运动过程及其相应的运动模型，提出采用当前统计模型作为车辆运动模型。通过地图辅助位置择近和速度择角算法来修正卡尔曼滤波，为运行在道路上的车辆确定地图匹配估计。实际运行结果表明；整个车辆跟踪系统的精度有明显的提高。     

基于推广卡尔曼滤波的无源定位系统仿真

在现代电子战、信息战环境中，由于利用目标辐射电磁信息的无源探测定位系统具有自身隐蔽和探测距离远等优点，因此它具有重要的应用价值，并已成为当今非线性跟踪与估计研究领域的热点问题、针对无源定位中状态空间模型非线性和程度较高所引起的滤波发散问题，分析总结了推广卡尔曼滤波(EKF)次优递推滤波过程，最后给出滤波方程及仿真结果．     

连续刚构桥施工线形和应力的分析与控制

以广州市轨道交通4号线沙湾大桥为研究背景,应用通用有限元软件对该桥进行结构分析。应用卡尔曼滤波法和等维灰数递补数据处理技术改进的灰色预测模型以及这2种方法的结合对施工控制的标高进行预测,分析了应力监测的误差及其原因。现场实测结果表明,将这2种方法结合提高了线形预测的精度,可为同类型桥梁的施工控制提供参考。     

基于多层前馈神经网络的车牌提取方法

文中提出一种采用三层前馈神经网络提取车牌的方法。该方法是一种基于纹理分析的图像分割算法,适合于彩色及灰度图像。实验表明,该方法能准确地提取图像中的车牌。