Spatial and temporal distribution of expressway and its relationships to land cover and population: A case study of Beijing,China

The interaction between urban transport, land cover change and the distribution of population is a typical manifestation of the urbanization process. As high-grade road, expressway plays a significant role in promoting resource circulation and economic development. Based on the road distribution, land cover and population census data, this study specifically probed the relationship between the expressways and the land cover and population of Beijing. The results show that: (1) as the distance from an expressway increases, the amount of built-up land gradually decreased, and the transfer of land cover near the expressway was more intensive and frequent when compared with that of the whole city; (2) In 2010, a district that was less than 3 km from both sides of the expressway and which occupies one-quarter of the entire city had concentrations of 42% industrial land, 58% of settlement land, and 76% transportation land of the entire city; (3) As for Beijing, the population density was positively correlated to road density, and population density declined with a corresponding increase in buffer distance; (4) The ring area between the Fifth and the Sixth Ring Road featured the greatest density of expressways and the most dramatic changes in both land cover and population. According to our study, there’s a positive interactive feedback relationship between the expressways, land cover and population of Beijing. Also, due to the concentration of population, industry and transport system around the expressways, special attention should be paid to environmental pollution and the inhabitants’ health in this area.     

三峡库区地质灾害成因分析及工程防治对策

长江三峡工程库区自然地质条件复杂,由于库区移民迁建和库水位抬升,及时有效的防治库区地质灾害已经成为三峡工程建设的重要课题。该文以重庆开县丰乐集镇库岸为例,基于库岸稳定以"抗滑桩+排水+挡墙"的防治原则,构建了实用的治理模式,该模式对于三峡库区地质灾害的治理具有较好的指导借鉴作用。     

京昆高速G5(河池寨至三星立交段)与西安高新区路网连接及交通节点研究

京昆高速G5(河池寨至三星立交段)对西安高新区和昆明池的分隔效应严重阻碍了区域一体化发展。利用京昆高速G5改扩建契机,通过分析现状和解读规划,发现存在的问题,提出京昆高速G5(河池寨至三星立交段)与西安高新区路网连接及交通节点研究的总体策略为多路径迂回,多点集散。具体提出了两大方案,并从方案特点、解决功能、工程造价等方面比选出推荐方案。项目研究体现了“策划引领、规划先行”的前期策划理念。     

沿海高速路基路面优化设计研究

沿海高速河北段工程地质、水文特性比较特殊,在路基高度、路基填料、路基断面等方面均有必要进行设计优化,可使设计方案更经济合理、技术可行、安全环保。     

基于非等时序灰色模型的路基沉降预测

结合高速公路路基施工沉降观测数据,讨论了灰色系统理论和双曲线模型在公路路基沉降预测中的应用,并对等间隔的灰色模型GM(1,1)进行了改进,建立了任意时间间隔的非等时序改进灰色模型。通过具体工程实践,给出了灰色模型和双曲线模型对公路路基沉降量预测结果与实测结果的比较,结果表明灰色模型的预测沉降量与实际沉降量更接近,精度更高,更能满足工程需要。     

承秦高速公路岔沟门隧道塌方原因分析及处治措施

在隧道施工中,洞口浅埋段往往因岩石风化严重,且地表覆盖松散堆积层,是塌方等地质灾害的高发区段。以承秦高速公路承德段岔沟门隧道塌方为例,分析洞口浅埋段隧道塌方发生的主要原因,提出处理方案,并对今后预防该类塌方提供建议。     

潼西高速公路改扩建工程交通组织方案

文章结合潼西高速公路工程实际情况,对高速公路改扩建工程交通组织的研究思路、内容及设计方案进行介绍,探讨了公路施工过程中出现交通事故或阻塞严重时可采取的应急预案,为后期的公路改扩建施工方案设计提供参考。     

浅析城市快速路交通事故特性

与普通道路相比,快速路交通事故影响程度要大的多,往往导致整条快速路和周边路网的拥堵。首先根据我国城市交通事故统计数据,分析了城市快速路交通事故特点,然后以北京市某区域的交通事故数据为例对城市快速路的交通事故特点进行了分析,进而重点分析了快速路出口处交通事故特点。     

沙丘地区高速公路绿化设计研究

结合彰武至阿尔乡高速公路施工实践,采用能够适应当地自然环境的植物材料,应用草方格辅以灌木造林固定流沙模式,进行高速公路建设生态防护设计。     

隧道弃渣在忻阜高速公路中的综合应用

针对目前高等级公路隧道弃渣堆积困难且临时占地多、综合利用不合理、建造成本加大等现状,在对现有弃渣利用总结的基础上,归纳了隧道弃渣综合利用技术,首次明确提出了隧道弃渣综合利用筛分流程,并将其应用在整个忻阜高速公路全线的建设中。