Examining Local Coastal Zone Management Capacity in U.S. Pacific Coastal Counties

The coastal zone has critical natural, commercial, recreational, ecological, industrial, and esthetic values for current and future generations. Thus, there are increasing pressures from population growth and coastal land development. Local coastal land use planning plays an important role in implementing the U.S. Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) by establishing goals and performance policies for addressing critical coastal issues. This study extends the CZMA Performance Measurement System from the national level to the local land use level by measuring coastal zone land use plan quality and political context in fifty-three Pacific coastal counties. Plan quality is measured using an evaluation protocol defined by five components and sixty-eight indicators. The results indicate a reasonable correspondence between national goals and local coastal zone land use planning goals, but a slight gap might exist between the national/state versus local levels in the overall effectiveness of coastal zone management (CZM) efforts. The results show many U.S. Pacific coastal counties lack strong coastal zone land use plans because the average plan quality score was only 22.7 out of 50 points. Although these plans set relatively clear goals and objectives, they are somewhat weaker in their factual basis, identify a limited range of the available planning tools and techniques, and establish few coordination and implementation mechanisms. The regression analysis results indicate that CZM plan quality was not significantly related to any of the jurisdictional characteristics.     

Applying a Mediated Negotiation Framework to Integrated Coastal Zone Management

Conflict is intrinsic to coastal zone management, yet relatively few peer-reviewed studies have examined how coastal managers might apply conflict resolution processes in the coastal zone management (CZM) context. The authors believe that many of these disputes can be addressed by using a structured mediation model that involves face-to-face negotiation with a broad range of stakeholders to build consensus-based agreements for integrated coastal zone management (ICZM). To explore this further, the article examines four questions. First, it examines how CZM literature characterizes conflict and conflict resolution. Second, it looks at how essential principles from the field of alternative dispute resolution and environmental mediation can be best employed in the ICZM context. In particular, it explores the various elements of a stepwise agreement building model, a mediated negotiation process model the authors use in practice that bases its success on a foundation of four principles: representation, participation, legitimacy, and accountability. Next, it details three essential tools used in this process, stakeholder analysis, joint factfinding, and single-text negotiation, that the authors believe to be promising for developing and adopting stable, well-informed, and implementable agreements for ICZM. Finally, the article examines how these structuring principles and process strategies have been used in two recent case studies regarding the management of the San Francisco estuary and its tributaries.     

金属磁记忆检测技术概述

介绍了磁记忆基本原理，探讨其机理。介绍了国内外磁记忆检测技术的研究和应用情况，展望应用前景和需做的工作。     

大直径雨水管顶管及曲线顶管施工技术

介绍了上海浦东新区张江集镇1#、2#(合建)泵站的雨水进水管,管径Φ2700和Φ3000的大直径顶管以及管径Φ1800的曲线顶管在复杂环境下的施工技术,由于施工措施合理,使顶管精度达到规范要求,顺利贯通,为类似工程施工积累经验。     

再生水泥混凝土界面过渡区的结构特性分析

借助于扫描电镜和电子能谱仪,对再生水泥混凝土的微观形貌和结构进行了观察,分析了再生水泥混凝土内部各种界面的结构特性以及Ca、Si等元素在界面过渡区的分布特征。结果表明:再生水泥混凝土内部由多种界面结构组成,各界面过渡区的厚度差异较大。界面过渡区内外的元素分布规律存在着较大的差异,Ca、Si等元素在界面过渡区内出现了一定程度的聚集,在界面过渡区外的分布则较为连续。     

高新技术产业开发区居民出行规律浅析

高新区内居民小区的交通出行是高新区交通出行的一部分,通过对调查数据的整理分析,选取恰当的高峰小时系数,算出小区单位住户平均一天的出行生成次数,了解和分析高新区居民小区的交通出行,为高新区内的路网规划建设提供参考。     

用区域模拟方法评估舰艇火灾危险性

将火灾区域模拟方法运用到舰船舱室火灾分析中，建立了全船各舱室的区域模拟模型，进行了模拟计算；根据火灾形成和蔓延的机制，确定了火灾蔓延判据．进行了全船火灾危险等级划分；在舱室区域模拟的基础上，应用模拟试验的方法，针对不同武器攻击情况，根据火灾蔓延判据和危险等级划分，编制了全船综合性评估程序，对全船火灾危险性进行评估．     

Judicial Interpretations of Federal Consistency under the Coastal Zone Management Act

The federal consistency provision of the Coastal Zone Management Act (1972) created a new form of interaction between federal and state governments. The implementation of this provision has significant ramifications for coastal management and intergovernmental cooperation in the United States. Past studies have focused on the provision's implementation patterns among U.S. coastal states and federal-state disputes mediated by the Secretary of Commerce. This supplemental article examines judicial interpretations of the federal consistency provision over the past two decades in relation to major issues deliberated by Congress at the time of enactment. Recent changes in the provision, as well as those unresolved issues likely to resurface in future litigation, are also discussed. Seemingly, coastal land use authority and offshore energy exploration remain the most contentious issues surrounding the federal consistency provision.     

沈阳地铁一号线无人自动折返方案

介绍了沈阳地铁一号线无人自动折返的工程概况、需求分析、实现方案以及折返过程。     

区域控制器仿真子系统的研究

对基于WLAN的CBTC列控系统仿真平台中的区域控制器仿真子系统进行了研究,介绍了区域控制器的基本原理,描述了关键功能的实现,如列车管理、移动授权生成、区域控制器交接、数据库的建立与调入等。基于C++Builder 6.0实现了仿真子系统的功能。