从南方雨雪冰冻灾害谈北方高速公路除雪抢通措施

通过对2008年春节前南方雨雪冰冻灾害的反思,介绍了针对北方地区高速公路多年来积累的除雪抢通经验与措施。     

预应力混凝土T梁变宽拼宽静力特性分析

基于一座4×30 m预应力连续T梁变宽拓宽桥,分别建立新旧桥间布置与旧桥相同数目横隔板、新旧桥间仅跨内设置横隔板而墩顶不设置横隔板和新旧桥间不设置横隔板3种不同横向连接的ANSYS有限元模型,计算和比较了其在汽车荷载、新旧桥差异沉降荷载、温度荷载以及收缩徐变作用下的静力性能。分析表明:新旧桥间设置横隔板,可以显著改善荷载横向分布,降低主梁纵向应力和接缝横向应力。因此推荐新、旧桥间全部设置横隔板的连接方案,供设计参考。     

城市地铁越江隧道上浮引起的土体变形分析

文章基于盾构隧道统一土体移动模型基本假定,建立了隧道上浮作用下的两圆顶部相切土体移动模型;利用Melan公式计算得出了隧道上浮引起的土体变形(上浮力作用下的土体变形,再叠加土体损失引起的土体变形)二维解;应用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,结合在建南昌地铁1号线抚河桥区段工程,建立计算模型,对隧道上浮引起的土体变形进行了模拟计算。结果表明,推导的土体变形二维解与数值模拟结果比较吻合;越江隧道上浮引起的土体变形规律是河底表面呈"倒沉降槽"形,深层土体呈"双弓"形,且其幅度随距隧道轴线距离增大而减小。     

A stated preference examination of time of travel choice for a recreational trip

A stated preference experiment was performed in Calgary in Canada to examine how people are influenced in the selection of a departure time for a hypothetical trip to see a movie. A total of 635 complete observations were obtained. In each observation the respondent was presented with a set of possible departure time scenarios and asked to indicate the order of preference for these scenarios. Each scenario was described by specifying the automobile travel time, the expected arrival time relative to the movie start time, the parking cost, the probability of being at least ten minutes late for the movie and the length of time the movie had been running. This forced the respondent to trade off between conditions regarding these attributes. Age, gender and frequency of movie attendance were also recorded. The observations thus obtained were used to estimate the parameter values for a range of alternative utility functions in logit models representing this choice behaviour. The results indicate that all of the attributes included have significant effects on departure time choice in the situation being considered. They also indicate that travellers are prepared to arrive roughly two minutes early for each minute of travel time saved; that the money value of driving time for trips to recreational activities is about half that for trips to work; that one additional percent in the probability of arriving late is equivalent to roughly 0.20 Canadian dollars or 1.93 minutes drive time; and that there is a preference for a non-zero expected early arrival time regardless of the associated probability of arriving late. Some of these results are novel and others are consistent with findings for work trips in work done by others, which is seen to add credence to the approach being used here.     

青岛高新区雨水利用研究

在水资源急缺以及雨水利用技术大规模应用下,对青岛高新区提出了雨水利用的开源模式,并进行雨水利用试点,可促进该区域的水资源持续利用。     

粉喷桩加固软土复合路基受力特性试验研究

对杭州绕城高速公路(北线)进行了路堤荷载下粉喷桩加固软基现场试验研究，以期对软土复合路基的桩土应力比及桩身应力加深认识。     

关于铁路施工企业在承建地方工程时的几点思考

介绍了国家铁路工程与地方建筑工程在工程造价和经营管理方面的差别.考虑到铁路施工企业的特点以及在很短的时间内他们将完全溶入地方建筑业市场,笔者根据自己在工作中的观察和体会,提出几点建议,供同行参考.     

出口欧盟双层观光车侧倾稳定性研究

主要阐述影响双层观光车侧倾稳定性的各项因素;对比分析后,提出采用四个高度控制阀的改进方案,最终通过出口认证试验。     

CRCP路面裂缝间传荷能力影响评价

文章基于山东烟威高速公路连续配筋混凝土路面的基本结构参数,利用FWD实测CRCP路面不同破坏等级的裂缝间传荷系数,建立了三维有限元分析模型,分析了裂缝间不同传荷能力对CRCP路面临界应力的影响规律,并得到了CRCP路面最大应力与裂缝间传荷能力的关系式。     

基于高斯过程机器学习方法的隧道围岩分类模型

针对现有围岩分类方法的局限性,基于工程实例,利用分类性能优异的高斯过程机器学习模型建立围岩类别与其主要影响因素之间的非线性映射关系,进而提出一种基于高斯过程的隧道围岩分类模型,实现不同情况下围岩分类的合理识别.将该模型应用于川藏公路二郎山隧道围岩分类,研究结果表明,隧道围岩分类的高斯过程机器学习模型是科学可行的,与人工神经网络模型、支持向量机模型相比较,该模型具有参数自适应化的优点,能方便快捷地给出合理可靠且具有概率意义的围岩分类评价结果,可对围岩分类结果的不确定性或可信度进行定量化评价.