高速铁路钢轨廓形打磨质量评估方法及应用

在借鉴国外钢轨廓形打磨质量指数(GQI)的基础上,结合《高速铁路钢轨打磨管理办法》中的廓形验收标准,提出基于钢轨廓形打磨质量指数和廓形偏差曲线的评估方法。首先根据砂轮打磨角度对钢轨廓形打磨区域进行划分,通过德尔菲法确定各个区域的廓形权重系数,然后根据钢轨廓形与目标廓形的偏差,提出GQI值计算公式,最后辅以廓形偏差曲线,评估钢轨廓形打磨质量;并进行现场应用分析。结果表明:采用的评估方法不仅可对钢轨打磨质量进行评估,而且可对钢轨廓形状态是否会导致动车组异常振动进行预测,进而给出合理的钢轨打磨建议;提出的GQI计算公式既能评判钢轨打磨廓形是否达到要求,又能量化打磨廓形与目标廓形吻合程度;GQI值大于70且变化范围较小,可有效减轻或消除动车组构架报警、晃车等异常振动。     

基于Matlab的汽车偏离车道报警系统

为提高汽车的主动安全性并克服现有的汽车偏离车道报警系统所存在的结构复杂和成本高等缺点,文章设计了一种基于Matlab的汽车偏离车道报警系统,利用摄像头获取车道图像并实时传给车内计算机系统,经过对图像一系列的处理分析判断汽车是否偏离车道而进行报警。经验证,该系统能够实时检测出左右车道标志线,可以根据车道夹角法判断汽车是否偏离车道,满足了汽车偏离车道报警的需要。该系统结构简单高效,能显著提高汽车行驶的主动安全性。     

船用弧形齿联轴器啮合偏移运动学分析

通过对船用弧形齿联轴器受力、啮合特性及啮合偏移的运动学研究,分析了啮合偏移对齿侧间隙的影响,获得啮合偏移与齿侧间隙的定量关系.该项工作对降低船舶轴系的故障率很有意义.     

埋刮板输送机链条跑偏原因分析及解决措施

埋刮板输送机链条跑偏对设备本身的寿命影响非常大,必须加以重视。分析埋刮板输送机链条跑偏的原因。提出消除链条跑偏的措施。改造后取得良好效果。     

状态空间的船体平直分段装配的偏差诊断和分析(英文)

Dimensional control is one of the most important challenges in the shipbuilding industry.In order to predict assembly dimensional variation in hull flat block construction,a variation stream model based on state space was presented in this paper which can be further applied to accuracy control in shipbuilding.Part accumulative error,locating error,and welding deformation were taken into consideration in this model,and variation propagation mechanisms and the accumulative rule in the assembly process were analyzed.Then,a model was developed to describe the variation propagation throughout the assembly process.Finally,an example of flat block construction from an actual shipyard was given.The result shows that this method is effective and useful.     

CO2 emissions correction of light-duty vehicles based on an energy deviation analysis method

In present study, a total of 3 types of light-duty vehicles were tested for 7 types of driving modes by using a vehicle dynamics-based simulation method. Deviations between the target and actual test vehicle speed and inaccurate chassis dynamometer road load settings are selected as the two main factors affecting the CO₂ emission measurement test. 126 cases of simulations were conducted to analyze the effects of the deviation between the target and actual test vehicle speed on CO₂ emissions and 63 cases of simulation were conducted to analyze the effectiveness of inaccurate road load test conditions on CO₂ emissions. Then, the CO₂ correlation method proposed by World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29, UN) was applied for simulated results in original simulation cases, and a correction to performance was validated by comparative analysis. From the simulation results, it is revealed that velocity and road load deviation are related to distinct changes in fuel efficiency and CO₂ emission rates of test vehicles. Also, it is revealed that CO₂ correction method show good performance to reduce the relative error lower than 2% in all test cases.     

某码头工程桩基偏位原因分析及处理

摘要：以某码头工程施工过程中发生的桩基偏位为例，在介绍工程概况和工程施工的基础上，通过相关的检测及试验性施工，着重对桩基偏位原因进行分析。明确后续的施工处理方案，确保桩基使用安全。对类似工程施工有一定的借鉴意义。     

预应力砼平面曲线箱梁腹板裂缝问题的探讨

分析了预应力砼平面曲线箱梁腹板产生裂缝的原因,导出了在预应力管道发生位置偏差时径向力的修正计算公式和曲线箱梁腹板厚度的验算公式,讨论了防止曲线箱梁腹板裂缝的措施,可供平面曲线箱梁的设计及施工参考.     

异步牵引电动机最佳转差率的分析

当电力机车上一台转向架的两个轮对分别各由一台异步牵引电动机带动,并由同一台逆变器供电时,牵引电动机的额定转差率Se对电力机车的性能将产生巨大的影响。一旦Se值确定后,由于动轮直径偏差带来的牵引电动机电流偏差和牵引力偏差即可确定。此外,电动机本身参数的偏差也对转差特性产生巨大影响,本文考虑了上述所有这些非线性参数的影响,分析了异步牵引电动机的最佳额定转差率,并结合精确的等效电路进行计算,提出了额定转差率的最佳范围。     

绝对空间中的铁道车辆非线性动力学仿真

从铁道车辆三维可视化建模和仿真要求出发,基于面向对象软件技术,本文叙述了绝对空间中铁道车辆非线性动力学仿真的有关力学原理和计算结构,特别是Hertz理论在空间轮轨弹性碰撞中的完整应用。并用编制的仿真软件VSDS对ManchesterBenchmarks的客车模型进行了曲线通过工况仿真,指出绝对空间中铁道车辆非线性动力学仿真的可行性和实用性。