基于CAE技术的某中型卡车司机座椅振动舒适性分析及优化

座椅刚度和阻尼参数的选取,直接影响座椅的乘坐舒适性。采用CAE技术,对某中型卡车司机座椅进行动力学响应分析,并对座椅的弹簧刚度和减振器阻尼参数进行动力学优化,优化后座垫上的加速度峰值大幅降低,取得了比较好的效果。通过平顺性试验验证,优化后的座椅结构在各种车速下,总计权值明显低于原结构。摸索出了一条运用CAE技术对机械式座椅的乘坐舒适性进行分析和优化的途径。     

桥梁隔震设计中几种等效线性化方法比较研究

对LRB桥梁设计领域中流行的几种等效线性化方法进行了研究。对各个方法的等效刚度与等效阻尼比的计算进行了比较,确定了其参数敏感性,并对导致其不同的原因进行了初步分析,并分别比较了传统的经典阻尼理论与最新的模态应变能理论求解隔震系统阻尼比的计算方法。针对系统阻尼对桥梁设计反应谱的影响,列举了包括直接位移法在内的几个影响系数计算公式,分析了其中的异同。以一座实桥为例,通过与非线性时程分析比较,对各个等效线性化方法进行了评价。所有的方法大部分情况下均高估了结构的位移响应,即均低估了结构的阻尼。不同方法对结构力与力矩响应的评估水平不同,但是对隔震设计均能起到较好的指导意义。     

表面活性氧在排气净化催化剂中作用机制的研究

针对发动机的发展趋势,结合当前机动车尾气催化剂的研究进展,对催化剂中的表面活性氧种的种类以及它们的催化活性进行了讨论;同时对表面氧种的产生、脱附、存储、迁移以及相互关系进行了归纳。此外,对它们在催化反应中的行为和作用机制的研究状况进行了综述,并提出了研究中存在的问题以及建议。     

车辆主动油气悬架系统分层控制策略的研究

基于虚拟样机技术构建了工程车主动油气悬架控制系统的数字开发平台.针对工程车行驶路况的不确定性、部分参数的时变性和油气悬架系统的强非线性,提出了有限带宽主动油气悬架系统分层控制策略,并设计了基于遗传算法的模糊PID上层力控制器和基于模型的下层电压控制器.将该控制算法集成到悬架控制系统数字开发平台中进行联合仿真.结果表明,所研制的有限带宽主动悬架分层控制器可显著改善车辆的行驶平顺性.     

Design of tyre force excitation for tyre–road friction estimation

Knowledge of the current tyre–road friction coefficient is essential for future autonomous vehicles. The environmental conditions, and the tyre–road friction in particular, determine both the braking distance and the maximum cornering velocity and thus set the boundaries for the vehicle. Tyre–road friction is difficult to estimate during normal driving due to low levels of tyre force excitation. This problem can be solved by using active tyre force excitation. A torque is added to one or several wheels in the purpose of estimating the tyre–road friction coefficient. Active tyre force excitation provides the opportunity to design the tyre force excitation freely. This study investigates how the tyre force should be applied to minimise the error of the tyre–road friction estimate. The performance of different excitation strategies was found to be dependent on both tyre model choice and noise level. Furthermore, the advantage with using tyre models with more parameters decreased when noise was added to the force and slip ratio.     

Robust control and actuator dynamics compensation for railway vehicles

A robust controller is designed for active steering of a high speed train bogie with solid axle wheel sets to reduce track irregularity effects on the vehicle’s dynamics and improve stability and curving performance. A half-car railway vehicle model with seven degrees of freedom equipped with practical accelerometers and angular velocity sensors is considered for the H_∞ control design. The controller is robust against the wheel/rail contact parameter variations. Field measurement data are used as the track irregularities in simulations. The control force is applied to the vehicle model via ball-screw electromechanical actuators. To compensate the actuator dynamics, the time delay is identified online and is used in a second-order polynomial extrapolation carried out to predict and modify the control command to the actuator. The performance of the proposed controller and actuator dynamics compensation technique are examined on a one-car railway vehicle model with realistic structural parameters and nonlinear wheel and rail profiles. The results showed that for the case of nonlinear wheel and rail profiles significant improvements in the active control performance can be achieved using the proposed compensation technique.     

摆式动车组主动控制受电弓系统的研究

分析了摆式动车组车体倾摆时对受电弓的影响,研究了国外摆式列车的发展情况,提出了采用主动控制受电弓系统的方案,对控制系统进行了运动学、受力分析、几何关系、控制规律等方面的研究。     

FEMUR SHAPE RECOVERY FROM VOLUMETRIC IMAGES USING 3-D DEFORMABLE MODELS

IntroductionThe rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament( ACL) has become the most common knee in-juries.In operation of ACL reconstruction,thesurgeons have to find the optimal attachmentpoints resulting in a low anisometry of the graft,while preventing impingement between the graftand the femoral notch.Markus Fleute andStéphane lavallée[1] proposed a real- time systemfor computer- assisted ACL surgery.A recentadvance in surgery is minimally invasive tech-nique that can avoid the large…     

轮胎动态模型的阻尼和对滚动阻力及动态响应影响的分析

在综合了一些文献研究结果的基础上,基于轮胎模态参数模型,给出了不同阻尼环节对滚动阻力及轮胎以不同速度滚越障碍物的动态响应的模拟结果,并部分地与试验结果进行对比,说明具有结构阻尼环节的轮胎模型,对于两者的模拟均给出了更好的定量结果。     

轨道参数对钢轨Pinned-Pinned振动的影响

有研究认为钢轨不连续支撑造成的轮轨柔度差变是钢轨波浪磨耗产生和发展的主要原因之一。在此基础上对轨道参数对钢轨Pinned-Pinned振动的影响进行进一步分析。通过利用ANSYS软件建立轨道结构的有限元分析模型,计算分析了不连续支撑条件下轨道的支撑刚度、支撑间距和结构阻尼对钢轨柔度特性的影响,并提出了控制钢轨波磨形成与发展的建议。