挡土墙后曲面滑裂面下黏性土主动土压力计算

为了研究挡土墙后土体滑裂面的形状并计算土压力,建立了挡土墙后黏性填土滑动楔体达到极限平衡状态时的静力平衡方程.采用变分学方法求解滑裂面曲线方程和主动土压力的计算公式,得到土体滑裂面曲线为一对数螺旋线.将主动土压力计算值与库仑主动土压力、工程实测值分析对比.结果表明,计算所得的主动土压力值比广义库仑理论的计算值大5.37%,且与工程实测值较为接近.最后分析了挡土墙及墙后填土各参数对曲面滑裂面下的主动土压力值的影响,可知填土的黏聚力和内摩擦角是影响土压力值的关键参数.     

Multi-objective control of a full-car model using linear-matrix-inequalities and fixed-order optimisation

This paper studies multi-objective control of a full-vehicle suspension excited by random road disturbances. The control problem is first formulated as a mixed ?₂/?_∞ synthesis problem and an output-feedback solution is obtained by using linear-matrix-inequalities. Next, the multi-objective control problem is re-formulated as a non-convex and non-smooth optimisation problem with controller order restricted to be less than the vehicle model order. For a range of orders, controllers are synthesised by using the HIFOO toolbox. The efficacy of the presented procedures are demonstrated by several design examples.     

Non-fragile multi-objective static output feedback control of vehicle active suspension with time-delay

This paper presents an approach to design a delay-dependent non-fragile H_∞/L₂–L_∞ static output feedback (SOF) controller for active suspension with input time-delay. The control problem of quarter-car active suspension with actuator time-delay is formulated to a H_∞/L₂–L_∞ control problem. By employing a delay-dependent Lyapunov function, new existence conditions of delay-dependent non-fragile SOF H_∞ controller and L₂–L_∞ controller are derived, respectively, in terms of the feasibility of bilinear matrix inequalities (BMIs). Then, a procedure based on linear matrix inequality optimisation and a hybrid algorithm of the particle swarm optimisation and differential evolution is used to solve an optimisation problem with BMI constraints. Design and simulation results of non-fragile H_∞/L₂–L_∞ controller for active suspension show that the designed controller not only can achieve the optimal performance and stability of the closed-loop system in spite of the existence of the actuator time-delay, but also has significantly improved the non-fragility characteristics over controller perturbations.     

A yaw-moment control method based on a vehicle's lateral jerk information

Previously, a new control concept called ‘G-vectoring control (GVC)’ to improve vehicle agility and stability was developed. GVC is an automatic longitudinal acceleration control method that responds to vehicle lateral jerk caused by the driver's steering manoeuvres. In this paper, a new yaw-moment control method, which generates a stabilising moment during the GVC command and has positive acceleration value and the driver's accelerator pedal input is zero, was proposed. A new hybrid control, which comprises GVC, electric stability control and this new control, was constructed, and it was installed in a test vehicle and tested on a snowy surface. The very high potential for improvement in both agility and stability was confirmed.     

受电弓主动倾摆系统的研究

通过对摆式电动车组受电弓主动倾摆系统的分析,建立ADAMS-Matlab控制模型,并对其控制特性进行仿真。结果表明该受电弓主动倾摆系统有良好的频率响应特性;在车体倾摆过程中,受电弓主动倾摆系统能有效减小受电弓滑板中点的横向位移,从而保证列车受流的连续性。     

船舶电力推进变频输出电压谐波抑制研究

根据船舶电力推进变频驱动的特点,提出了一种新型变频器输出混合有源正弦波滤波器,在变频器的输出侧接上一个LC基波串联谐振电路,使变频器的输出电压对基波呈现低电抗、对谐波呈现高阻抗;同时实时检测负载端电压,根据瞬时无功功率理论可直接检测出谐波电压波形,并通过变流器和串联变压器反馈一个与谐波电压幅值相等、相位相反的电压去抵消系统中剩余的谐波电压。阐述了新型变频器输出混合有源正弦波滤波器的结构和工作原理,分析了滤波器的谐波抑制原理,给出了滤波器的仿真结果及分析。仿真结果表明:此滤波器设计新颖、结构简单、可靠性高,在各种工况条件下都能得到优化的滤波效果,很好地改善变频器的输出电压波形。     

电气化铁道用有源电力滤波器方案研究

概述了电气化铁道谐波问题现状，介绍了采用有源滤波器解决牵引网谐波干扰的几种方案。针对各个方案的特点，优选出了一种较适合电气化铁道用的有源滤波器方案。     

西藏墨脱高等级公路工程地质遥感勘察及GIS应用

运用遥感及地理信息技术能有效地从图像光谱特征、空间特征、影像纹理、微地貌、景观等诸多方面,对岩石、构造、地形地貌、地质灾害等进行识别与划分,从遥感影像中提取公路工程地质信息.结合ENVI和ARC/INFO软件进行数据采集和专题制图,利用GIS的空间分析功能,能快速、准确地对公路工程地质条件进行定量分析和综合评价.     

A bintree energy approach for colour image segmentation using adaptive channel selection

A new hierarchical approach called bintree energy segmentation was presented for color image segmentation. The image features are extracted by adaptive clustering on multi-channel data at each level and used as the criteria to dynamically select the best chromatic channel, where the segmentation is carried out. In this approach, an extended direct energy computation method based on the Chan-Vese model was proposed to segment the selected channel, and the segmentation outputs are then fused with other channels into new images, from which a new channel with better features is selected for the second round segmentation. This procedure is repeated until the preset condition is met. Finally, a binary segmentation tree is formed, in which each leaf represents a class of objects with a distinctive color. To facilitate the data organization, image background is employed in segmentation and channels fusion. The bintree energy segmentation exploits color information involved in all channels data and tries to optimize the global segmentation result by choosing the ＂best＂ channel for segmentation at each level. The experiments show that the method is effective in speed, accuracy and flexibility.     

铁路隧道施工主动控制变形技术研究与实践

针对隧道施工中对加固围岩、充分发挥围岩自身承载能力方面重视不够,致使隧道开挖分部较多、工效低以及软弱围岩发生大变形等问题,通过对煤矿行业主动控制变形、国内外主动控制变形技术进行调研和部分铁路隧道施工实践、研究,得出如下结论： 在隧道施工中主动控制围岩变形,可充分发挥、调动围岩的自承载作用;采用主动控制围岩变形技术,可实现软弱围岩大断面机械化快速施工,解决超大断面设计施工技术难题,有效控制高地应力软岩隧道变形,避免大变形的发生; 锚杆、锚索以及注浆加固地层等是主动控制围岩变形的关键技术措施,必须配置大型机械设备,掌握成套施工工艺,确保锚固的及时性和有效性。