平潭海峡大桥船舶交通管理系统管理程度研究

平潭海峡是中小型船舶东北季风盛行季节北上的黄金水道。近年来随着国民经济的快速增长,沿海航运业得到迅猛发展,海峡船舶密度明显增大。平潭海峡大桥位于平潭海峡中部,桥区通航孔附近每小时最大交通量为17艘,出现船舶追越局面的可能性较大。海峡碍航物多,水流复杂,且小型船舶违规、违章航行现象较普遍,存在一定的安全隐患。定量分析桥区船舶交通危险,进行科学的船舶交通管理系统成本与效益分析,恰当划分与确定船舶交管系统等级,使系统的建设规模符合当地船舶交通的实际需要,力求取得较好的社会效益和经济效益。     

Planning transport for social inclusion: An accessibility-activity participation approach

Social equity is increasingly becoming an important objective in transport planning and project evaluation. This paper provides a framework and an empirical investigation in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) examining the links between public transit accessibility and the risks of social exclusion, simply understood as the suppressed ability to conduct daily activities at normal levels. Specifically, we use a large-sample travel survey to present a new transport-geography concept termed participation deserts, neighbourhood-level clusters of lower than expected activity participation. We then use multivariate models to estimate where, and for whom, improvements in transit accessibility will effectively increase activity participation and reduce risks of transport-related social exclusion. Our results show that neighbourhoods with high concentrations of low-income and zero-car households located outside of major transit corridors are the most sensitive to having improvements in accessibility increase daily activity participation rates. We contend that transit investments providing better connections to these neighbourhoods would have the greatest benefit in terms of alleviating existing inequalities and reducing the risks of social exclusion. The ability for transport investments to liberate suppressed activity participation is not currently being predicted or valued in existing transport evaluation methodologies, but there is great potential in doing so in order to capture the social equity benefits associated with increasing transit accessibility.     

Should we all just stay home? Travel,out-of-home activities,and life satisfaction

How and why travel contributes to our life satisfaction is of considerable import for transportation policy and planning. This paper empirically examines this relationship using data from the American Time Use Survey. It finds that, controlling for relevant demographic, geographic, and temporal covariates, travel time per day is significantly and positively associated with life satisfaction. This relationship is attenuated, but still significant, when the amount of time spent participating in out-of-home activities is controlled for. Time spent bicycling is strongly associated with higher life satisfaction, though it attains significance only in some models; time spent walking is also quite positive, though it is not significant. However, both walking and bicycling are positively and significantly associated with life satisfaction when time spent on purely recreational walking and bicycling is included. Life satisfaction is positively and significantly associated with time spent traveling for the purposes of eating and drinking, religious activities, volunteering, and playing and watching sports. Travel time exhibits a strong positive relationship with life satisfaction in smaller towns and cities, but in large cities the association weakens, and for very large cities travel time may actually not be associated with life satisfaction at all. This may be due to the costs of traffic congestion, which disproportionately exists in large cities. In all, while the associations between travel and life satisfaction are clear, the causal story is complex, with the positive relationships potentially being explained by (1) travel allowing us to access destinations that make us happy, (2) the act of travel itself being fulfilling, and/or (3) intrinsically happier people being more likely to travel. In all likelihood, all three factors are at play.     

Democratization of Coastal Zone Decision Making for Indigenous Australians: Insights from Stakeholder Analysis

Community participation has become something of an orthodoxy within natural resource management. In the absence of an explicit strategy for democratization and capacity-building the notion of community participation is potentially meaningless and its application likely to mask decisions made in the interests of elite groups. This article examines the shortcomings of participatory processes in coastal resource management and seeks to identify and overcome constraints to democratization and capacity-building for Indigenous Australians. Using two coastal catchments in Central Queensland as a case study, we explore relations of power among stakeholders using Stakeholder Analysis to provide a platform for more effective deliberative participation by this group of stakeholders. Discussion of the specific barriers to participation identified by Aboriginal stakeholders will demonstrate the need to adopt notions of capacity-building that focus not only on the attributes of the individual stakeholder that might facilitate their participation, but on the characteristics also of the decision-making environment.     

船舶签证中使用可擦笔的法律问题探讨

文中分析探讨部分行政相对人在不同阶段、不同情形下使用可擦笔的法律后果和执法中的困境，并提出了相应的解决机制。     

公路建设项目环境管理的公众参与研究

公众参与作为公路建设项目环境管理中的重要手段,在促进交通运输行业可持续发展、提高公路建设管理水平方面发挥了极为重要的作用。通过分析公路建设项目环境管理中公众参与的现状,可发现我国公众参与环境管理存在的问题,进而提出新的公众参与模式,促进公路建设事业的可持续发展。     

对高职院校学生体育运动参与情况的调查研究

本文运用文献资料法、调查法和数理统计法等研究方法,对高职院校学生体育运动参与情况进行了调查研究。旨在通过调查,了解高职院校学生的运动参与状况,为改善高职院校学生运动参与现状及提高高职院校学生的运动参与水平提供借鉴和参考。     

基于AHP的公路环境影响公众参与评价方法

判断公路建设对公众环境的影响,运用层次分析法确定调查对象的综合权重值,用定量评价公式求出公路项目对公众的影响程度,并进一步举例说明,结果表明运用层次分析法确定调查对象的综合权重值是可行。     

海事行政强制研究

《中华人民共和国行政强制法》是规范行政机关开展行政执法工作的重要法律,该法颁布实施结柬了行政强制长期无专门法可依的局面,文章通过对海事行政强制现状分析,指出海事行政强制存在的问题,对照《中华人民共和国行政强制法》要求,提出完善海事行政强制建议、     

Why do paratransit operators resist participation in bus rapid transit? Case evidence from Bogota,Mexico City,Johannesburg and Lagos

ABSTRACT

Public transport in cities of the Global South is mainly provided by paratransit operators who self-regulate their services in the absence of adequate formal transport supply and due to weak or no formal regulatory framework and enforcement. Paratransit operators compete with each other for passengers as every passenger translates into profit. Governments in the Global South have sought to reform public transport services through Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) to regulate and ensure efficiency, address the problems of drivers competition and negative externalities associated with paratransit operations. Paratransit operators have been considered as one of the barriers to public transport reforms such as BRT without much consideration for their style of operations. This neglect has contributed to their resistance and low interest in participating in BRT and has even led to opposition. Consequently, non-consideration of incumbent operators in the implementation of transit reforms has been one important reason for delay or failure in their introduction. In this study, we identify reasons why paratransit operators resist and show low interest in BRT even in situations where public institutions have opted not to replace them but rather invite them to participate in the reforms. The basis is a case study analysis of four cities with different characteristics and different BRT implementation strategies where paratransit operators showed resistance and low interest to participate. We identify (1) loss of autonomy, flexibility and established practices/routines, (2) financial and economic risk avoidance and (3) lack of trust in governments who initiate reforms as a basis for their resistance and low interest. These findings are theoretically substantiated by organisational management and social psychology concepts that explain resistance to change. Understanding and recognising these reasons may help planners in designing more appropriate strategies for paratransit reforms.