Management Cybernetics: A New Institutional Framework for Coastal Management

This article analyzes institutional arrangements for the delivery of coastal programs through a new way of thinking about their evolution and structure. The notion of three distinct "dimensions" describing the phases in the evolution of institutional arrangements is introduced. The notion of dimensions is developed from conceptualizing about how institutional arrangements are diagrammed. This allows the visualization of how individual institutions and key stakeholders relate to each other in the delivery of coastal programs, how effective these relationships are, and how their relationships could be redesigned. "Dimensional thinking" enables the re-examination of existing institutional design of coastal programs and how these can evolve to meet the challenges of the new millennium. It is concluded that institutional arrangements have grown from a single dimensional view, where institutions (mainly governmental) delivered programs in isolation, through to the present second dimension where agency programs are managed through coordinating bodies and through coastal management plans. It is argued that a third dimension of institutional arrangements, one that recognizes and embraces the rapid pace of change in this century, will be needed that is aligned by themes rather than by organizational structure. To illustrate a third dimension a visualization tool is developed drawing from management cybernetics. It recognizes the increasing importance of formal and informal networks in relation to traditional modernist hierarchical management by recognizing multiple stakeholders (government at all levels, industry, advocacy groups, conservation interests, and the broader community) and their degree of mutual dependence. Dimensional thinking has the potential to institutionalize the interaction between these multiple stakeholders to ensure the effective delivery of coastal programs in the new millennium. A single answer to what the third dimension of coastal management program evolution should include is not presented. Rather, an approach is presented that allows coastal managers to move forward in the debate on redesigning coastal programs to meet today's complex suite of issues, values, and interests. An experimental case study from Western Australia is used to illustrate the potential application of the dimensional thinking to coastal management institutional design in that State's coastal program.     

试论海事行政强制的特征与界定

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论排污权初始分配程序规则的建构

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安全组播中的密钥管理

网络上的许多新兴的应用技术(如：电话会议，实时信息服务，协同工作等)，是建立在组播通信模型上的。随着组播应用的不断增加以及参与者的增多，组播的安全问题越来越引起人们的重视，研究成果也越来越丰富，安全组播通信因之也成为组播研究领域中的一个重要方面。实现安全组播的一个重要手段是使用加密手段对通信数据进行加密保护，使用加密手段对通信数据进行加密保护时，必然涉及到加密、解密密钥的交换。介绍了现有的安全组播通信密钥管理所面临的问题，讨论了几种算法、策略或结构的特点和问题，希望能给读者在设计安全组播应用方案时提供一些帮助。     

论行政诉讼中被告的举证责任

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深圳地铁智能交通系统

目前智能交通技术在国内地铁信息化建设中,大部分还仅限于实现地铁各个单项子系统的具体功能,从整个系统的角度出发,把这些分散的子系统有效地集成起来,实现各个子系统之间的信息交互和共享,进而推动整个大系统的协调高效作运,目前在国内外地铁研究领域基本处于空白.因此,本文介绍了新加坡、法国巴黎、香港、广州地铁智能化的发展现状,并以深圳地铁为背景,探索ITS技术与地铁运营的有效结合,各部分子系统之间的相互配合建立起了一个全面、安全、高效、综合的智能化系统.     

浅议海事行政执法监督

行政执法监督是保证执法公正的重要手段,在行政执法实践中发挥着重要作用。文章对行政执法监督的概念、性质、实施等作了较全面的介绍。     

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