"官本位"的经济根源及其启示

“官本位”是自然经济关系条件下,权威的人格化．高度集权的传统社会体制使它固定．由于种种复杂的原因,“官本位”现象延伸至今．官本位现象的消除要靠经济的工业化、市场化、现代化．     

Increased productivity efforts yield few rewards in the knowledge economy

Population aging is reducing access to knowledge workers even as they are becoming more important to economic growth. Thus far, corporations and governments alike have made the intuitive yet untested assumption that working the existing workforce harder and longer can alleviate the economic fallout. This is based on the ‘success’ similar efforts have previously seen in production industries characterized by physical inputs. Our study provides evidence that these successes may not carry over to industries, such as transportation that are reliant on intellectual skill. It is shown that meeting productivity goals by increasing the job demands of knowledge workers, specifically air traffic controllers, compromises the provision of new kinds of value added. Furthermore, it is demonstrated for the first time that increasing job duration exacerbates the effects of job demand on human performance. Coping with staffing shortages by asking that knowledge workers simply ‘do more’ may impede rather than stimulate economic growth.     

When it comes to container port efficiency,are all developing regions equal?

In this paper we carry out a container port performance analysis of the developing world between 2000 and 2010, using both parametric and nonparametric approaches. From a unique dataset – our sample covers 70 developing countries, 203 ports, and 1750 data points–, we examine the evolution and drivers of productivity and efficiency changes across developing regions. We show that productivity growth rates between 2000 and 2010 vary significantly and that this heterogeneity is explained by pure efficiency changes rather than scale efficiency of technological changes. Therefore, we carry out a detailed efficiency analysis to determine the drivers of port efficiency. Time series results show an upward trend for port efficiency in developing regions, as it increased from 51 percent in 2000 to 61 percent in 2010. Our analysis indicates that private sector participation, the reduction of corruption in the public sector, improvements in liner connectivity and the existence of multimodal links increase the level of port efficiency in developing regions.     

连云港港混合土的特性指标与挖掘产量关系

绞吸船疏浚典型黏性土、密实粉土粉砂和钙质结核物的混合土时易糊绞刀头,且输送时易堵管。依托连云港港30万吨级航道疏浚工程,对混合土的不均匀性进行分析,从典型土的挖掘比能与船舶施工参数相关性角度,推导出连云港港混合土的特性指标与挖掘产量的计算公式,可预测复杂土的疏浚产量。结果表明:连云港港典型混合土由黏性土、密实粉土粉砂和钙质结核物混合而成,具有多种土质特性;利用推导出的公式预测"天虎号"绞吸船挖掘此类土的生产率,经过与实测值对比,其相对偏差在15%以下,可靠性好,可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

合力打造铁路给水排水行业快速发展的新局面

根据铁路跨越式发展对给水排水行业带来的新课题 ,提出了给水排水行业快速发展的总体思路和主要内涵 ,说明了行业加速实现装备现代化的建设要求 ,分析了生产布局调整的意义和前景。号召大家齐心协力 ,奋发进取     

Knowledge Representation and Fuzzy Reasoning of an Agricultural Expert System

The design scheme of an agricultural expert system based on longan and cauliflower planting techniques is presented. Using an object-oriented design and a combination of the techniques in multimedia, database, expert system and artificial intelligence, an in-depth analysis and summary are made of the knowledge features of the agricultural multimedia expert system and data models involved. According to the practical problems in agricultural field, the architectures and functions of the system are designed, and some design ideas about the hybrid knowledge representation and fuzzy reasoning are proposed.     

MARINIMAP120拌和楼生产率因素分析

我国在用的沥青混凝土拌和楼中,意大利MARINI公司MAP120拌和楼的结构及工艺流程有其独到的特点。根据工程应用实际对影响拌和楼生产率的因素进行分析并提出处理方法,从而使该设备能充分发挥独特的工艺特性,有其非常现实的意义。     

一类汽车维修企业产能瓶颈的突破探析

由于对中国汽车市场估计不足,大多数一类汽车维修企业在发展过程中总是受到产能瓶颈的限制。首先通过人力资源结构调整、管理水准提升、技术水准提升等手段实现假象性产能的提升,然后再通过技术性、设备性等手段实现第二阶段的产能提升,可以彻底解决现有汽车维修企业的产能瓶颈问题。     

广西防城港岩石性能对疏浚生产率影响分析

以防城港20万t航道疏浚工程为例,从重型绞吸船"天鲸号"开挖岩石难易程度的角度,分析了影响疏浚生产率的关键因素;并对疏浚区域的泥质粉砂岩单轴饱和抗压强度、岩石质量等反映岩体特性的指标进行统计分析,利用经验公式估算岩体的完整性指数。针对疏浚岩石工程特性,创新性地引进了反映岩体整体特性指标——疏浚岩体基本质量指标修正值[BQ]TH,基于最小二乘法建立了[BQ]TH疏浚生产率的经验公式,并利用拟合的经验公式和BP(Back-Propagation Network)神经网络对疏浚生产率进行了预测,得到了良好的效果。     

Productivity change in Nigerian seaports after reform: a Malmquist productivity index decomposition approach

ABSTRACT

During the 1990s, Nigerian seaports were considered inefficient, unsafe due to massive cargo theft (wharf rat phenomenon) and one of the most expensive port systems in the world. This resulted in long turnaround times for ships and increased container dwell times. As a result, port operations were transferred to the private sector through concession contracts. This paper employs a Malmquist productivity index (MPI) technique to benchmark pre-and post-reform total factor productivity growth of the six major Nigeria seaports (Apapa, Calabar, Onne, Port Harcourt, TinCan Island and Warri) for the period 2000–2011 which represents six years before (2000–2005) and six years after (2006–2011) the reform. The results indicate progress in technical efficiency of the ports after reform but deterioration in technological progress. Overall productivity growth was higher in the pre-concession period compared to the post-concession period. The source of pre-concession period productivity growth was technological progress while the change in productivity of the post-concession period is generated by an increase in scale efficiency. This suggests that concessionaires have not brought in the much anticipated investment in modern technology to drive port efficiency. The ports of Calabar and Apapa experienced the highest productivity growth while lowest result was Onne.