Closed-form multiclass cell transmission model enhanced with overtaking,lane-changing,and first-in first-out properties

A novel multiclass macroscopic model is proposed in this article. In order to enhance first-in, first-out property (FIFO) and transmission function in the multiclass traffic modeling, a new multiclass cell transmission model with FIFO property (herein called FM-CTM) is extended from its prior multiclass cell transmission model (M-CTM). Also, to enhance its analytical compactness and resultant computational convenience, FM-CTM is formulated in this paper as a set of closed-form matrix equations. The objective is to improve the accuracy of traffic state estimation by enforcing FIFO property when a fast vehicle cannot overtake a slow vehicle due to a limitation of a single-lane road. Moreover, the proposed model takes into account a different priority for vehicles of each class to move forward through congested road conditions, and that makes the flow calculation independent from their free-flow speeds. Some hypothetical and real-world freeway networks with a constant or varying number of lanes are selected to verify FM-CTM by comparing with M-CTM and the conventional CTM. Observed densities of VISSIM and real-world dataset of I-80 are selected to compare with the simulated densities from the three CTMs. The numerical results show that FM-CTM outperforms the other two models by 15% of accuracy measures in most cases. Therefore, the proposed model is expected to be well applicable to the road network with a mixed traffic and varying number of lanes.     

客运专线常用跨度桥梁技术特点

客运专线的建设，带动了铁路桥梁建设整体技术水平的发展，也在一定程度上反映了高速条件下铁路桥梁的发展趋势。为了今后更加科学合理地开展高速铁路建设，有必要在建设过程中总结经验、系统测试，形成高速条件下的桥梁建设的一套较完善的理论和技术。介绍客运专线常用跨度桥梁的设计、施工特点。     

浅谈汽车安全保护气囊系统

简述汽车安全气囊美国发展历史。这个历史表明，制定汽车安全气囊的法规颁布执行，有力地促进安全气囊技术的发展和完善，事实证明安全气囊成为不可争议的对大众有利的汽车安全设备。同时较详细论述了安全气囊的几个组成部分，以及设计思想和主要的技术难点，最后对于安全气囊中国如何发展提出了几点看法。     

沥青碎石混合料（ATB30）的级配试验与分析

采用泰波公式的不同幂指数n值和均匀设计法对沥青碎石混合料（ATB30）的级配进行了系统试验，分析了不同粒径粗集料含量与间隙率指标的关系，提出了选择嵌挤型混合料集料级配的相关结论。     

Planning and Evaluation of Passenger Ferry Service in Hong Kong

A predominant observation in Hong Kong is the continuous loss in ferry patronage. There are two main reasons for this: poor level-of-service and better competitors. New roads, bridges, and tunnels are serving the buses, and to some extent the railways; whereas the investment in ferry terminals is relatively at a lower level. On the one hand, there is no need to promote the ferries in a free market environment; but on the other hand, the ferries have the best safety record, can only relieve some traffic congestion and need water access that is one of the characteristics of Hong Kong. The goal of this paper is to design a planning approach combined with an evaluation procedure on how to make the best use of the existing water and pier resources in Hong Kong through the provision of commercially viable ferry services. The approach used covers the impact of future developments planning up to 2006 comprising all public transport modes in Hong Kong (heavy rail, metro, bus, and ferry). The planning tool is based on a newly developed multi-objective evaluation method in order to assess the ferry routes with scientific, practical, and simplified analyses for future use. This assessment is applied to the existing ferry routes and candidate routes and can also be carried out on an individual route basis or on a given set of routes. The objective functions set forth analytically in the evaluation method take into account the interests of the three participants: the passengers, the operators and the government. The proposed ferry network design formulation and the suggested new ferry routes will have a positive impact on changing the ferry system’s image in Hong Kong.     

车用催化器流动阻力的试验与理论研究

在稳流试验台上利用U型管测量了不同结构催化器的压力损失 ,并进行了理论分析。研究表明 ,在小角度范围内 ,扩张角越大 ,压力损失也越大 ;但当锥角超过一定值之后 ,锥角越大 ,压力损失反而略有下降 ;在相同的扩张管长度下 ,斜扩张管催化器的压力损失大于直扩张管催化器的压力损失 ;载体位于催化器中部较顶部和底部压力损失大。     

高强化柴油机气缸盖水流分布试验研究

采用流动显形法对典型增压柴油机气缸盖进行水流分布试验 ,得到冷却水在缸盖中的二维流场。并对不合理的设计进行改进 ,既减小阻力又加大了流量并且提高了流速 ,使缸盖得以充分冷却。     

高速公路主线流量对入口加速车道设计影响分析

提出了以高速公路加速车道合流等待理论为基础的加速车道长度设计方法和以排队论为孤入口匝道交通控制方法。这些方法克服了传统方法中忽视主线交通量的情况，特别是在主线较 挤的条件下加速车道上排队的情况，地正确地设计加速车道长度，避免交通拥挤和 交通事故有一定的理论意义。     

对二次空气改善车用汽油机排气净化效果的研究

在车用汽油机排气中CO和HC生成与热反应净化机理研究的基础上 ,通过试验探讨了二次空气对提高车用汽油机排气热反应净化效果的影响。研究结果表明 ,在发动机高速大负荷工况下 ,足量的二次空气能使CO和HC的排放浓度大幅度降低 ,而在发动机中等转速中小负荷工况下 ,由于排气温度低 ,二次空气对热反应净化效果影响不大     

单纯性肥胖儿童免疫功能的研究

使用流式细胞仪（ＦＣＭ）对１２名单纯性肥胖症儿童及２０名正常儿童进行了９项淋巴细胞亚群检测对比，结果发现肥胖症儿童ＣＤ３＋细胞、ＣＤ４＋细胞及ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋之比明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＣＤ１９＋细胞、ＣＤ５６＋细胞、ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ＋细胞均出现有意义的升高；ＣＤ８＋细胞、ＣＤ２５＋细胞、ＣＤ５７＋细胞虽较正常儿童有所升高，但经统计学处理无明显差异。检测结果表明：单纯性肥胖儿童的免疫功能有较明显紊乱。提示肥胖症儿童的脂肪酸摄取过剩对免疫功能有一定损害。