组织形态对球铁曲轴疲劳特性的影响

用两根以不同工艺铸造的4JB1发动机球铁曲轴,来研究组织形态对其疲劳特性的影响。一种工艺为铸态 正火处理(以下简称正火态);另一种是铁型覆砂铸造(以下简称铸态)。两者都经机加工、氮化处理后进行弯曲疲劳试验,并从毛坯取样做力学性能和冲击试验。结果表明:尽管两者的力学性能相近,但铸态曲轴的弯曲疲劳极限远高于正火态曲轴。这是由于铸态曲轴具有细小的牛眼状石墨形态 珠光体组织,所以裂纹起裂功和扩展功都较高,在疲劳中当石墨处萌生裂纹后,包围石墨的铁素体可以使裂纹尖端钝化,有效阻止裂纹扩展;而正火态曲轴显示为球状石墨 珠光体组织,包围在石墨周围的珠光体强度较高,在与石墨交界处萌生裂纹和之后裂纹的扩展都较快,导致疲劳寿命较低。     

车用金属载体催化剂铝溶胶制备试验研究

分别以氯化铝、氧化铝、氢氧化铝和拟薄水铝石为原料制备了铝溶胶,并对铝溶胶的粘接强度和稳定性进行了检测与评价。结果表明,以氯化铝为原料制备的铝溶胶理化特性最好,但容易引入有毒害作用的氯离子;以氧化铝粉和氢氧化铝为原料制备的铝溶胶稳定性和粘接强度不能满足金属载体催化剂涂层的制备要求;以拟薄水铝石为原料制备的铝溶胶不仅能满足金属载体催化剂涂层制备的要求,且不会向催化剂中引入有毒害作用的氯离子,是制备铝溶胶的最佳材料。     

Finite Element Optimization of Vee-ring Factor in Fine-blanking Process

The vee-ring is one of the most characteristic features of the fine-blanking process which is derived from the conventional blanking. With the vee-ring, a counter plate and some other working parameters, a component with a precise geometry and smoothly blanked surface can be produced without any major secondary operations. However, these working parameters are always empirically determined or determined by trial-and-error method, which is time-consuming and expensive. In this study, a numerical simulation method was used to analyze the effect of vee-ring factors on product quality, such as distance between vee-ring and punch, vee-ring height and blank holder force, so as to obtain as high clean cut ratio as possible. During the simulation, the model was assumed as axisymmetric one and the workpiece was considered as rigid plastic material, meanwhile the tools were defined as rigid bodies so as to shorten the computational time. A damage model taking into account the influence of hydrostatic stress was used to simulate material fracture in fine-blanking. The result obtained from the simulation indicated that with the help of vee-ring, the metal material near the shear band does not flow with the punch penetration and high compressive stress in the shear band is generated. Consequently, higher clean cut ratio can be obtained with a vee-ring model than the one obtained with a plane blank holder model. Furthermore, the longer the distance between vee-ring and punch is, the higher the height of roll-over becomes.