含串补电容电气化铁路馈线故障测距算法

含串联补偿电容的电气化铁路牵引电网线路的电抗一距离关系不是单调的，按常规的电抗查表测距法，每个故障点会对应2个或多个定位点．通过对含串补电容馈线故障模型特性的分析，提出了一个新的判别方法．对不同的故障角和过渡电阻的ATP仿真以及MATLAB程序分析结果验证，该方法能够判断出故障与区间串补电容的相对位置．给出了含2个串补电容的电气化铁路馈线故障分段查表测距算法．     

基于多目标优化的航空器离场时隙控制方法

为了兼顾效率性和公平性,合理利用时隙资源,进行航空器离场时隙分配,根据机场管制运行部门和航空公司的决策目标,以航班正点率、旅客延误时间、延误成本、基尼系数等目标的不同组合为优化目标,建立了3组多目标优化模型.针对机场管制中航空器放行的应用背景,采用改进的人工鱼群算法求解模型.算例仿真结果表明:以航班延误成本和航班正点率为优化目标时,得到2个Pareto解集,与RBS(ration-by-schedule)分配算法相比,航班延误成本减少了52.9%和48.6%,航班正点率提高了62.5%和75.0%;以航班延误成本和旅客延误时间为优化目标时,得到1个可行解,与RBS分配算法相比,航班延误成本和旅客延误时间分别减少了52.9%和37.5%;以公平性和效率性为目标时,随着公平性的增强,效率性减弱.本文的多目标离场时隙控制方法,弥补了现有方法只考虑效率性的缺陷,为管制员提供了更多可供选择的决策方案.     

论高等教育收费对教育公平的影响

世界高等教育发展的历史证明,免费高等教育系统没有改善低收入家庭学生对高等教育的参与。以成本分担理论为基础的收费高等教育对维护教育机会均等有何种影响?本文结合实例从正反方面论证了实行成本分担对促进低收入学生参与高等教育的作用,提出了发挥高等教育收费制度对促进教育机会均等积极作用的政策建议。     

SMART: simulation model for activities, resources and travel

This paper proposes the development of an activity-based model of travel that integrates household activities, land use patterns, traffic flows, and regional demographics. The model is intended as a replacement of the traditional Urban Transportation Planning System (UTPS) modeling system now in common use. Operating in a geographic-information system (GIS) environment, the model's heart is a Household Activity Simulator that determines the locations and travel patterns of household members daily activities in 3 categories: mandatory, flexible, and optional. The system produces traffic volumes on streets and land use intensity patterns, as well as typical travel outputs. The model is particularly well suited to analyzing issues related to the Clean Air Act and the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA). Implementation would, ideally, require an activity-based travel diary, but can be done with standard house-interview travel surveys. An implementation effort consisting of validation research in parallel with concurrent model programming is recommended.     

An analysis of time allocation to in-home and out-of-home discretionary activities across working days and non- working days

The behavior of time allocation to two types of discretionary activities is formulated as a doubly-censored Tobit model. The model is capable of incorporating cases where the entire amount of time available for discretionary activity is allocated to one type of activity and the other type of activity is not engaged at all. The model is applied to examine individuals' allocation of time to in-home and out-of-home discretionary activities on working days and non-working days, using a weekly time-use data set from the Netherlands. Workers' daily activity patterns vary significantly between working days and non-working days, while it can be expected that patterns of time allocation are correlated between working days and non-working days. A set of error components is introduced into the model to represent this correlation, adopting a mass point approach which requires no assumption about the distribution of the error components. The validity of the model is examined statistically.     

A retrospective and prospective survey of time-use research

The central basis of the activity-based approach to travel demand modeling is that individuals' activity-travel patterns are a result of their time-use decisions within a continuous time domain. This paper reviews earlier theoretical and empirical research in the time-use area, emphasizing the need to examine activities in the context or setting in which they occur. The review indicates the substantial progress made in the past five years and identifies some possible reasons for this sudden spurt and rejuvenation in the field. The paper concludes that the field of time-use and its relevance to activity-travel modeling has gone substantially past the "tip of the iceberg", though it certainly still has a good part of the "iceberg" to uncover. Important future areas of research are identified and discussed.     

技术站配流与调机运用综合问题的拉格朗日松弛算法

技术站调度问题中配流与调机运用是关系密切的两个基础问题。基于单机器调度和资源分配理论,构建单解单编技术站配流与调机运用综合问题的混合整数线性规划模型,同时确定出发列车的编组内容和调机的解编任务,使得出发列车满足列车编组要求,且车辆在站加权总停留时间最小。设计拉格朗日松弛算法松弛掉连接约束,将原问题分解为解体子问题、配流子问题和编组子问题,对偶问题采用传统次梯度优化算法求解。最后,采用既有文献算例对该算法的有效性进行测试,结果表明:与分支定界算法相比,该算法能够实现计算质量和时间的较好折中。     

不确定条件下地铁应急储备点 优化配置研究

为提高地铁应对突发事件的预防和处置能力,探讨不确定条件下的地铁应急物资储备点优化配置问题。 考虑在应急物资储备点不确定和需求点救援带有时间窗限制的情形下,以应急物流总成本最小化和救援时间最短 化为目标,建立基于相关机会规划理论的地铁应急储备点选址-路径模型,并应用遗传算法求解。通过算例验证遗 传算法在处理应急储备点不确定和需求点时间窗限制下的有效性和鲁棒性,可减少陷入局部最优的可能性,进而 为地铁应急物资储备点选址决策提供模型和方法设计。     

QoS区分的高速移动OFDMA系统无线资源分配

针对高速移动环境下多业务多用户正交频分多址(OFDMA)系统下行链路提出一种动态资源分配方案。针对具有不同时延要求的多种类型数据包的数据流,提出了一种考虑多种时延服务质量(QoS)要求的动态资源分配算法。通过应用排队论原理,将用户的时延要求转化为速率约束,结合多普勒频移产生的中断概率的约束,形成一个高速移动环境下考虑用户不同QoS要求的最优化问题。该优化问题为混合整数非线性规划,直接求解的复杂度非常高。为了解决原问题,提出了次优方法。仿真结果表明,在高速移动环境下,提出的方法在保障用户各种QoS时延要求的同时,有效地提高了系统的容量。     

信息化综合运维管理系统的设计与实现

为了满足铁路信息化发展需要,实现信息系统运维管理的科学化、规范化、智能化,设计并实现了信息化综合运维管理系统。该系统运用分布式、大数据和工作流引擎等技术,以资产配置管理为主线,围绕信息系统运维部门实际工作需求,实现设备运行监控、自动化运维、流程审批管理和智能决策分析等功能,从而提高信息系统运维管理效率,提升运维智能化水平,保障信息系统的稳定运行。