高原区驾驶员特性对交通安全设施的影响分析

为寻求高原区驾驶员的生理及心理特性与安全设施配置的关系,在综合高原医学等相关研究成果的基础上,针对高原低氧环境及高原公路安全设施现状,对长期从事高原运输任务的驾驶员群体进行问卷调查和驾驶员特性检测。通过对调查数据的统计分析,对驾驶员生理及心理特性与高原公路安全设施的关系进行探讨。     

基于规则的泊位与岸桥联合调度

为提高集装箱码头的运作效率,降低能耗,本文同时考虑到岸桥调度和泊位分配这两个方面,建立基于滚动式计划的动态模型,提出调用规则来提高集装箱码头的运作效率以及减少废气排放,结果表明了该模型和规则的有效性和实用性。     

Airlines' Optimization Decision of Slot Allocation in CDM

With the rapid development of civil aviation in China, increasingly serious irregular flights problem arise wide attention. Though the air transport systems are composed of air transport control, airlines and airports, solving the irregular flight problem is still depend upon air transport control at present. The paper presents the method of airlines free-assignment between flight and slot with collaborative decision-making mechanism. A flight-slot assignment model is developed and an indexing heuristic arithmetic is designed. An empirical example proves that this method can reduce the total delay time and improve regular flight ratio. It also shows the importance of slot allocation decisions when the airlines is involved.     

双线客运专线整孔箱梁预制技术

研究目的:为了提前做好客运专线的施工准备,针对双线整孔箱梁施工的特殊性及其重点、难点问题,开展本次研究。研究结果:解决了箱梁施工过程中预制梁场的布置、台座设置、内外模板设计、组装、拆除、混凝土蒸汽养生、预应力张拉工艺、移梁方式及重要设备选型等问题。     

考虑3个剪力滞位移函数的曲线箱梁大挠度问题

根据薄壁曲线梁理论和势能变分原理,针对悬臂板、顶板和底板假设3个不同的剪力滞翘曲位移函数,导出薄壁曲线箱梁在弯、扭、剪力滞耦合时的曲线箱梁几何非线性控制微分方程。由样条配点法得到残值方程组,再采用同伦延拓法进行求解,得到结构在荷载作用下的半解析解。计算表明:剪力滞效应对翼缘板宽度的变化较敏感,而受翼缘板厚度的影响很小;当翼缘板各部分宽度不同时,要合理可靠地分析结构的受力状态,应对翼缘板的悬臂板、顶板和底板分别取不同的剪力滞翘曲位移函数进行计算。几何非线性对曲线箱梁内力、位移的影响程度取决于荷载的数值,对于三跨等跨连续曲线箱梁,当qzs/(Eh2w)>1.0×10-3时,应考虑结构的几何非线性效应。     

水资源优化配置及对城市可持续发展的影响

水资源是一个复杂的藕合系统,并与人类社会发展和生存环境相结合,水资源优化配置作为解决城市水资源短缺的重要手段,对保证整个城市国民经济的可持续发展起着重要的支撑作用。采用动态规划优化理论原理,建立了城市水资源优化配置模型,提出了效益函数的建立方法,获得了城市水源优化配置策略式方案并分析了水资源配置对城市可持续发展的影响。     

基于仿真的离散事件系统生产资源优化配置研究

离散事件系统(DES)在生产制造和物流等系统中普遍存在，这类系统由于事件发生的随机性、动态性和在时间点上的离散性，难以建立确定性的数学模型对此类系统中的生产资源配置问题进行研究．本文分析了基于仿真方案择优和逆向仿真的资源优化配置方法，提出了一种基于仿真优化思想的离散系统生产资源优化配置结构，并将其应用于港口拖轮优化配置问题的研究．     

Model and a solution algorithm for the dynamic resource allocation problem for large-scale transportation network evacuation

Allocating movable resources dynamically enables evacuation management agencies to improve evacuation system performance in both the spatial and temporal dimensions. This study proposes a mixed integer linear program (MILP) model to address the dynamic resource allocation problem for transportation evacuation planning on large-scale networks. The proposed model is built on the earliest arrival flow formulation that significantly reduces problem size. A set of binary variables, specifically, the beginning and the ending time of resource allocation at a location, enable a strong formulation with tight constraints. A solution algorithm is developed to solve for an optimal solution on large-scale network applications by adopting Benders decomposition. In this algorithm, the MILP model is decomposed into two sub-problems. The first sub-problem, called the restricted master problem, identifies a feasible dynamic resource allocation plan. The second sub-problem, called the auxiliary problem, models dynamic traffic assignment in the evacuation network given a resource allocation plan. A numerical study is performed on the Dallas–Fort Worth network. The results show that the Benders decomposition algorithm can solve an optimal solution efficiently on a large-scale network.     

The variation in the value of travel-time savings and the dilemma of high-speed rail in China

This paper examines the variation in the value of travel-time savings (VTTS), a fundamental element determining the market demand for high-speed rail. Following a review of time allocation theories, a time allocation model for general travel behavior is proposed as a further elaboration of Evans’ (1972) activities analysis. There are relationships among activities that can be expressed using a linear inequality to show the constraints on the arrangement of activities. This model indicates that two or more activities can be simultaneously rearranged to improve time management, which may be a source of variation in VTTS. This time allocation model can explain why large-scale high-speed rail construction in China faces significant market risks and a high likelihood of economic loss. Data from a new ticket sales and booking system for railway passengers indicate that passengers prefer conventional overnight sleeper trains, rather than high-speed trains, for long-distance travel, which supports the analysis of the time allocation model.     

超立方体排队均衡的卫星消防站选址调度优化

考虑应急服务设施忙碌条件下的需求覆盖可靠度,以及在应急救援中卫星消防站主站和副站关联机制,构建了超立方体排队均衡条件下的卫星消防站渐进覆盖混合整数规划模型,对不同等级灾害的车辆选址与调派方案进行了渐进覆盖优化.应用软件GAMS与局部搜索算法对模型进行编程与求解,并对黑龙江省哈尔滨市主城区卫星消防站布局进行了实例优化,通过计算消防服务水平,证实了卫星消防站模式的优势,并对卫星消防站关联成本进行了敏感度分析,为哈尔滨市消防规划部门预算投入提供了更为准确的参考.