钢筋混凝土空心梁疲劳性能试验研究

对6根大比例钢筋混凝土空心梁进行静载和疲劳性能试验研究,每根梁取不同荷载幅度,研究不同疲劳次数下梁受压区混凝土和受拉区的钢筋的应变、梁的跨中挠度以及裂缝发展情况,得到不同的疲劳荷载应力幅作用下钢筋混凝土空心梁的疲劳寿命;根据试验结果拟合得到钢筋混凝土空心梁疲劳荷载作用下的S-N曲线,为由钢筋混凝土空心梁构成的桥梁结构寿命预测提供依据。对钢筋混凝土空心梁疲劳破坏后的钢筋进行静力学性能试验研究,了解钢筋混凝土空心梁疲劳破坏后钢筋力学性能的退化情况。     

动车铝合金车体焊接接头非线性疲劳累积损伤模型

动车铝合金车体焊接接头疲劳寿命对加载顺序比较敏感,而传统的Miner法无法考虑载荷加载顺序。本文在损伤曲线法的基础上,提出非线性累积损伤模型的数学表达式及参数拟合算法,给出平均应力情况下使用此模型的扩展算式,并对铝合金焊接的对接接头、角接接头进行两级加载实验。实验结果证明:本文模型计算误差小于10%,比传统的Miner模型有更高的精确度,说明这一模型可用于铝合金焊接结构疲劳寿命计算。     

提高沥青-酸性集料抗水损害的试验研究

针对酸性集料与沥青粘附性差、混合料水敏感性大的难题 ,根据配位键理论采用含铬外加剂处理酸性集料 ,显著提高沥青与酸性集料的粘附性。用强化的冻融劈裂试验评价混合料水损害 ,对比试验说明经过含铬外加剂处理后的酸性集料混合料劈裂强度比提高显著 ,长期抗水损害性能也较好。     

公路特大型泥石流研究及防治新理念

作为我国一种严重的公路水毁类型，公路特大型泥石流灾害至今尚未解决，本文建构了该类泥石流研究及防治新理念，对于公路建筑物的安全与稳定、确保公路交通有序进行具有重要意义。研究认为，公路泥石流研究及防治的主要对象是具有大冲大淤性能、毁损作用强烈的特大型泥石流；必须遵循以泥石流发育机理研究为基础、防治技术研究为手段、防治工程研究为目的的研究原则；详细分析了公路泥石流水毁模式，概化分析了冲淤变动型沟谷泥石流的发育特性；开发了防治效果极佳的速流结构，运用运动状态函数法建构了速流结构设计理念，运用动力学建构了泥石流最大抛程计算理论。     

重载水泥混凝土路面损坏机理及对策研究

随着交通量的增加、轴载的增大和车速的提高,按照传统水泥混凝土路面规范修筑的道路出现了严重的早期破坏。本文通过分析重载交通作用下现有混凝土路面出现的早期破坏特征及其机理,从材料与结构上提出防止水泥混凝土路面在重载作用下发生早期破坏的对策。     

A regression and beam theory based approach for fatigue assessment of containership structures including bending and torsion contributions

Container shipping has been expanding dramatically during the last decade. Due to their special structural characteristics, such as the wide breadth and large hatch openings, horizontal bending and torsion play an important role to the fatigue safety of containerships. In this study the fatigue contributions from vertical bending, horizontal bending and torsion are investigated using full-scale measurements of strain records on two containerships. Further, these contributions are compared to results from direct calculations where a nonlinear 3D panel method is used to compute wave loads in time domain. It is concluded that both bending and torsion have significant impacts on the fatigue assessment of containerships. The stresses caused by these loads could be correctly computed by full-ship finite element analysis. However, this requires large computational effort, since for fatigue assessment purposes the FE analysis needs to be carried out for all encountered sea states and operational conditions with sufficient time steps for each condition. In this paper, a new procedure is proposed to run the structure finite element analysis under only one sea condition for only a few time steps. Then, these results are used to obtain a relationship between wave loads and structural stresses through a linear regression analysis. This relation can be further used to compute stresses for arbitrary sea states and operational conditions using the computed wave loads (bending and torsion moments) as input. Based on this proposed method for structure stress analysis, an efficient procedure is formulated and found to be in very good agreement with the full-ship finite element analysis. In addition it is several orders of magnitude more time efficient for fatigue assessment of containership structures.     

基于ANN的船舶撞击高桩码头群桩损伤位置预测

本文采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了船舶撞击高桩码头群桩的空间有限元模型。通过计算评估了撞击力、桩体刚度、撞击位置和撞击角度下对群桩结构损伤位置的影响。基于人工神经网络(ANN)方法,对不同参数组合下的群桩结构损伤位置进行了预测,并对ANN方法的可行性进行了评估。     

中韩船舶油污损害赔偿制度的比较

韩国不论是从地理位置还是经济贸易往来,对于我国是很重要的邻国.由于海上运输的国际性,我国的船东有在该国卷入油污损害赔偿案件的可能,研究其油污损害赔偿制度能够更好的保护我国船东的权益,而且对于我国完善油污民事赔偿立法有一定的借鉴作用.本篇论文比较了中韩油污损害赔偿制度,并对完善我国油污损害赔偿制度提出几点建议.     

山区漫水桥梁水毁调查分析及重建设计

重点阐述在涞水县7.21灾后公路恢复重建中，对桥梁水毁状况的调查分析以及工程重建设计要点，可为相关工作提供借鉴。