The multinomial logit model revisited: A semi-parametric approach in discrete choice analysis

The multinomial logit model in discrete choice analysis is widely used in transport research. It has long been known that the Gumbel distribution forms the basis of the multinomial logit model. Although the Gumbel distribution is a good approximation in some applications such as route choice problems, it is chosen mainly for mathematical convenience. This can be restrictive in many other scenarios in practice. In this paper we show that the assumption of the Gumbel distribution can be substantially relaxed to include a large class of distributions that is stable with respect to the minimum operation. The distributions in the class allow heteroscedastic variances. We then seek a transformation that stabilizes the heteroscedastic variances. We show that this leads to a semi-parametric choice model which links the linear combination of travel-related attributes to the choice probabilities via an unknown sensitivity function. This sensitivity function reflects the degree of travelers’ sensitivity to the changes in the combined travel cost. The estimation of the semi-parametric choice model is also investigated and empirical studies are used to illustrate the developed method.     

冻融作用对边坡稳定性的影响浅析

针对季节性冰冻地区春融期间路堑边坡的浅层滑塌破坏,分析了冻融作用对边坡稳定的影响、冻融滑坡的形成机理及影响因素,给出了冻融滑坡稳定系数的计算公式,并通过工程实例分别计算了边坡在正常工况、冻融状态下的稳定系数,说明在冻融状态下路堑边坡稳定系数会明显降低,造成边坡失稳。提出了边坡冻融破坏的几种防治措施,得出了应充分注意冰冻地区的特点,加强土体强度指标试验及排水、防护设施设计、施工等结论。     

可控式被动减摇水舱气道的阻尼

可控式被动减摇水舱的气道和阀口对减摇水舱内水的振荡起阻尼作用,对减摇水舱的减摇效果有负面影响.文章给出了气道(含阀口)产生的气压附加阻尼系数的计算方法,分析了气压附加阻尼对舱内水振荡特性及减摇效果的影响.     

高速公路场景下的电子稳像技术研究

为了去除高速公路监控视频中自身位置不稳定的事物给全局运动矢量估计带来误差,先通过Canny算子检测图像中的直线,并根据车道边界的特征筛选出道路边界,确定道路区域。再检测道路区域内的Harris角点信息,并与背景图中道路区域内的角点位置进行匹配,从而得到全局运动矢量,并计算出稳定的图像。实验表明,该算法能够满足高速公路场景下的稳像需求。     

Environmentally appraising different pavement and construction scenarios: A comparative analysis for a typical local road

The aim of this work is to carry out a comparative analysis of environmental impacts for different scenarios of a typical local road. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the modeling tool used to quantify and characterize comparative environmental impacts. In carrying out this specific application of the LCA, different road construction techniques were considered with regards to the whole structure and compared in order to identify the best alternative in terms of environmental sustainability.So far, in fact, typical LCA frameworks of roads have focused on recycled materials for pavement layers only, thus neglecting study of the materials used in the embankment or in the subgrade. In this study, these materials were included too, in order to prove the environmental benefit of using a sustainable technique such as in situ stabilization of fine soils with lime (typically dumped clayey soils) in order to reduce the need for virgin material for embankment and subgrade construction.When using different percentages of recycled materials (such as reclaimed asphalt pavement – RAP) in the bituminous layer or in the foundation, the analysis of the functional unit studied shows a significant reduction of energy consumption and pollutant emissions mainly due to transportation of materials involved, in this way increasing the environmental performance of the road.Another important consideration is that the use of fine soils stabilized with lime “in situ”, instead of dumping it, not only is a good technical solution for improving soil mechanical properties, but it also produces a reduction of energy consumption and of pollutant emissions. It is noticeable that this technique results in a significant reduction of pollutant emissions due the transportation of involved materials, increasing the environmental performance of the road.     

基于大容量SVC的SCOTT变压器电能质量治理方案及应用

针对斯科特变压器由于运量增大、主变压器的两相工况差异大而造成的电压波动大、功率因数低、谐波和负序电流大的问题,提出在变压器55 kV侧接1个大容量晶闸管控制电抗器支路和3个固定电容补偿支路,其中晶闸管控制电抗器支路和2个固定电容补偿支路安装于重载臂,而另一个固定电容补偿支路安装于轻载臂。结合其拓扑结构,提出以负序电流最小为目标的多约束无功功率优化控制数学模型,并对其控制过程进行详细分析。实际应用表明:该装置解决了重载臂的电能质量问题,使电压跌落从30%减少到11%,功率因数由0.76提高到0.98;并显著减少高压侧的负序电流,提高了变压器的效率和利用率。     

抗裂水泥稳定碎石基层施工工艺与质量控制

结合铜汤高速公路路面04标抗裂水泥稳定碎石基层的施工实践．介绍抗裂水泥稳定碎石配合比设计、施工准备、试验段铺筑、拌和、摊铺、碾压、养生等施工工艺,总结质量控制要点及经验,可供同类基层施工参考与借鉴。     

DESIGN OF A NEW INTERPOLATED CONTROLLER FOR STABILIZATION OF A SET OF INTERPOLATED PLANTS

IntroductionDynamics of almost all plants in reality variesaccording to the condition under which the plantis operated.An idea to describe the variation ofplant dynamics is interpolating a number of rep-resentative models defined at representative op-erating points.In Ref. [1 ] ,the plant was as-sumed to described as a linear interpolation ofproper stable coprime factorizations of transferfunctions of two representative models and thestabilization problems have been considered. InRef.[2 ] ,it…     

土钉加固路堑边坡设计新思路

土钉结构是用以加固公路路堑边坡的一种较好的方法 ,在国外的公路边坡加固工程中得到了广泛的应用 .本文分析了传统土钉支护设计方法的不足 ,提出了土钉加固路堑边坡设计新方法的思路 ,其目的是为工程应用提供理论依据     

The stabilization control of underactuated surface vessels

The problem of stabilization control of underactuated surface vessels with two independent control inputs is in vestigated inthis paper. Through transformation, a cascade property of the system is revealed. And the original nonlinear system could be divided into two subsystems: a linear subsystem and a nonlinear subsystem. The stabilization laws are derived for the two subsystems separately. A smooth time - varying feedback stabilization law with exponentially convergence rate is obtained. The proposed stabilization law guarantees all the system states converge to the equilibrium exponentially. The aim of stabilization control of underactuated surface vessels is achieved. At last, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by simulation tests.