大型地下埋设管道智能施工机械手的路径规划研究

针对机械手的动态不均匀性和运动学冗余性特点,基于人工势场理论与模糊理论,利用模糊系统逼近调和函数的梯度的方法进行路径规划,通过仿真来检验该方法的可行性。结果表明:该方法具有明显的柔性和自适应性。表现出某种智能特征,实现了路径的寻优规化。     

人材机价格上涨对公路工程造价的影响

以某桥梁工程为例,通过定量分析人材机单价变化对桥梁工程造价带来的影响,建立预测模型。通过同样的分析手段,建立路基、路面、隧道的预测模型,作为指导今后工作的依据。     

Biocompatibility evaluation of polyethylene terephthalate artificial ligament coating hydroxyapatite by fibroblasts cells in vitro

Hydroxyapatite (HA) based materials have been widely used in the field of ligament tissue engineering in the past decades. It has been previously reported that HA can increase the penetration of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSCs cells into scaffolds due to increased cell differentiation in biological media. Additionally, it was found that there are much difference between MSCs and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) cells. For that reason, we mainly evaluate the biocompatibility of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) silk scaffold with fibroblasts cells in vitro. We cultured mouse fibroblasts cells on the substrate of PET fiber and PET-HA scaffold, respectively, and then observed the morphology by using scanning electron microscopy. Our data indicate that PET-HA scaffold has good biocompatibility with fibroblasts cells and can potentially be useful in enhancing the fibroblasts cell differentiation and proliferation.     

考虑拉剪耦合作用地震边坡稳定性分析

基于拉剪耦合作用,对Mohr-Coulomb强度准则进行修正。在不同坡高、不同高宽比的边坡底部入射3条经典地震波,对边坡进行动力稳定性分析。首先采用显式迭代子增量法编写考虑拉剪耦合作用的Mohr-Coulomb强度准则子程序,并在边坡模型的截断边界添加黏弹性人工边界、输入等效地震荷载,模拟边坡受到的地震作用;然后以单元分别受到压缩和拉伸作用为例验证子程序的正确性;通过与已有地震边坡的研究结果对比,表明在地震边坡分析中若不考虑材料的拉剪耦合作用,得出的结论偏危险;最后在边坡底部垂直入射3条地震波,分析不同坡高、不同高宽比的边坡在2种强度准则下安全系数的区别。研究结果表明：不同边坡（坡高、高宽比不同）在不同地震波（El-Centro,Kobe,Northridge）作用下的安全系数各不相同,但安全系数都随坡高增加和坡角增大而降低;考虑拉剪耦合作用边坡的安全系数小于不考虑拉剪耦合作用边坡的安全系数,并且其安全系数的变化各有特点;坡高和高宽比的变化影响边坡对地震波频段的响应;分析地震边坡的稳定性,应综合考虑材料的拉剪耦合作用以及边坡高度和高宽比的变化规律。     

连云新城海滩清淤工程维护效果研究

淤泥质海岸人工沙滩的维护问题日益为人们所关注。在平衡水深概念推导出的海床冲淤公式的基础上,通过对平衡流速的假设,增加了因水深改变而引起的海床冲淤,推广了适用于计算自然滩面下海床冲淤的公式。通过推广后的公式计算了连云新城海滩清淤工程的泥沙冲淤。计算结果表明：各清淤方案有使海床恢复到自然水深的趋势,且均有泥滩出露的现象,需要进行定期的疏浚维护。     

Modelling heavy vehicle car‐following behaviour in congested traffic conditions

This study develops a car‐following model in which heavy vehicle behaviour is predicted separately from passenger car. Heavy vehicles have different characteristics and manoeuvrability compared with passenger cars. These differences could create problems in freeway operations and safety under congested traffic conditions (level of service E and F) particularly when there is high proportion of heavy vehicles. With increasing numbers of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream, model estimates of the traffic flow could be degrades because existing car‐following models do not differentiate between these vehicles and passenger cars. This study highlighted some of the differences in car‐following behaviour of heavy vehicle and passenger drivers and developed a model considering heavy vehicles. In this model, the local linear model tree approach was used to incorporate human perceptual imperfections into a car‐following model. Three different real world data sets from a stretch of freeway in USA were used in this study. Two of them were used for the training and testing of the model, and one of them was used for evaluation purpose. The performance of the model was compared with a number of existing car‐following models. The results showed that the model, which considers the heavy vehicle type, could predict car‐following behaviour of drivers better than the existing models. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

港珠澳大桥岛隧工程深厚软基与大回淤条件下的工程处治研究

港珠澳大桥岛隧工程大面积深厚软基的加固处理,以及大回淤水道条件下管段柔性小接头处的预应力束筋将永久留置而不再在管节沉放落床、纵向沉降基本稳定后完全切断,形成半刚性管节。上述两者,是该工程项目施工中呈现的特色和亮点。此外,当日后长期运营中如管段小接头接缝仍出现有不测的拉开险情时,其应急工程处治对策也是必须事先妥慎考虑的预案。就上述各点问题进行了较为细致深入的探讨和分析。     

新型强迫换流型真空直流限流断路器研究

研究了基于强迫换流原理的真空直流限流断路器,利用与真空灭弧室反并二极管的续流作用使真空灭弧室电流过零后得到零电压介质恢复时间.真空灭弧室由高速电磁斥力机构驱动,反向强迫关断电流由预充电的LC回路产生,采用氧化锌压敏电阻限制关断过程出现的过电压.建了断路器的EMTP仿真模型,对短路和额定关断过程进行仿真分析,比较了仿真与试验结果的电流、电压波形,两者具有很高的一致性.     

基于改进鱼群算法的应急车辆最优路径选择

当突发事件发生后,要求将救援物资在最短的时间内运输到受灾点,而在整个应急救援过程中,应急车辆路径的选择对救援工作起到至关重要的作用,建立应急车辆最优路径选择模型对最优路径选择具有重要作用。介绍基本人工鱼群算法的主要算子并提出一种改进的人工鱼群算法,最后通过算例验证该算法在应急车辆路径选择时具有较好的效果和应用价值。     

基于实测数据软土地基沉降预测方法的比较

考虑到软土的复杂性和各种沉降理论计算方法的局限性,利用有限的沉降实测数据,选取合理的模型及方法来预测软基的沉降。以深圳盐田港西港区纳泥塘地区软基沉降预测为例,采用了BP向前型网络模型和Elman反馈型网络模型两种不同的神经网络建模法,通过高度非线性的曲线拟合,推求工程后期沉降(包括最终沉降),并与曲线拟合法中的双曲线法、指数曲线法、泊松曲线法及 Asaoka 法对比,对拟合预测结果进行检验,使其具有统一的量化标准。对比结果表明：BP神经网络模型和双曲线法的预测效果最好,适用于本工程的沉降预测。