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为了提高城市交通流预测神经网络方法的快速动态学习能力,提出了一种生长自组织神经网络群,将复杂的神经网络个体分解为多个训练简单的神经网络群组,并利用设计的动态生长自组织算法来避免神经网络在学习新知识的时候对已有知识造成破坏,同时保持整个群工作的高效稳定,规模不过度扩张.该神经网络群尝试解决神经网络的一次性学习问题,具有动态知识增殖学习能力和更强的错误自修复能力及系统适应灵活性.仿真结果表明,这一方法能够更精确地实现函数逼近和城市交通流自适应动态预测,适用于需要不断快速动态学习的复杂系统.     

积极心理学视野下的高职校园文化建设

积极心理学作为一股新的研究思潮,致力于研究和探索人的积极品质。积极心理学视野下的高职校园文化建设强调把着眼点放在如何最大限度地挖掘学生潜力,培养学生积极情绪和健全人格。同时,结合高职院校实际,发展出具有鲜明特色的校园文化。     

Progress and Perspective of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning of Prediction in Anesthesiology

Artificial intelligence (AI) has long been an attractive topic in medicine,especially in light of the rapid developments in digital and information technologies.AI has already provided some breakthroughs in medicine.With the assistance of AI,more precise models have been used for clinical predictions,diagnoses,and decision-making.This review defines the basic concepts of AI and machine learning (ML),and provides a simple introduction to certain frequently used algorithms in AI and ML.In addition,the review discusses the current common applications of AI and ML in the prediction of anesthesia conditions,including those for preoperative predictions of difficult airways,intraoperative predictions of adverse events and anesthetic effects,and postoperative predictions of vomiting and pain.The use of AI in anesthesiology remains in development,even without extensive promotion and clinical application;moreover,it has immense potential to maintain further development in the future.Finally,the limitations and challenges of AI development for anesthesia are also discussed,along with considerations regarding ethics and safety.     

昆明～嵩明高速公路后窗子坡面泥石流形成机制试验研究

以昆明～嵩明高速公路后窗子坡面泥石流为例,采用X射线衍射仪对泥石流物源进行矿物成分分析,得知后窗子坡面泥石流体富含高岭石和蒙脱石等亲水性黏土矿物;通过室内模型试验分析后窗子坡面泥石流形成机制,从坡面泥石流形态和裂纹阶段扩展将后窗子坡面泥石流形成过程划分为强度衰减(微裂纹滑移生核)、蠕动变形(微观裂纹扩展)、局部滑动(宏...     

港珠澳大桥珠澳口岸人工岛工程二维潮流泥沙数学模型研究

基于TK-2D软件建立了三角形网格的伶仃洋海域大范围二维潮流泥沙数学模型和港珠澳大桥的珠澳口岸人工岛工程区附近小范围局部细化的二维潮流泥沙数学模型,并根据现场实测资料对模型进行了验证模拟,在模型验证基础上,对珠澳口岸人工岛工程实施后的潮流泥沙进行了模拟研究,从潮流泥沙角度对人工岛工程对周围海区的影响进行了分析论证.研究...     

人工气泡船水动力性能试验研究

文章通过试验途径研究了人工大气泡船的水动力性能,试验包括气泡船流量测试试验、气泡船通气对比试验、气泡船与其原型船静水及波浪中对比试验。结果表明,气泡船充气后阻力能大大下降;对于气泡船有一最经济的充气流量;气泡船在静水及波浪中的综合性能均优于常规船型,特别是阻力下降很多。根据试验结果还分析了气泡降阻的原理:具有一定压力的气泡腔,除了减小船底的摩擦阻力之外,还支撑了艇的一部分重量,减小了艇体的吃水,从而阻力也相应地减少。     

远离大陆辐射沙洲人工岛建设关键技术的探讨

江苏洋口离岸13 km外海辐射沙洲上建设大型人工岛,具有浅海、无遮掩、风浪大、潮差大、工程量大、工期急迫、施工依托条件差等特点。通过对建设过程中采用的主要关键技术实施情况、效果评价以及工程实施过程中遇到的技术问题及分析,探讨和总结外海辐射沙洲上建设人工岛的关键技术,为人工岛后续建设和类似工程提供借鉴。     

基于弹性绳理论的自主车辆防碰撞的路径规划

基于人工势场的引导策略,通过建立包括车道边界和障碍车的道路危险势场,采用弹性绳模型实现了车辆在高速公路上的车道保持和紧急避障功能。为了保证车辆在高速情形下避障的安全性,在障碍车辆原有势场基础上,在障碍车辆的前后各增加一个引导势场,使车辆能够提前避障,从而避障过程更安全。再结合Carsim仿真,在车辆的路径跟随过程中观察主车的横摆角速度的变化来判断车辆的稳定性。对直道和弯道两种情形进行避障仿真对比分析,结果表明:在障碍车辆前后添加引导势场能提前避障,从而使避障过程更安全。     

基于改进鱼群算法在管道最优抢修路径的研究

当油气管道发生安全事故时,为保证在最短的时间内达到事故现场,需选择最优的抢维修路径。文中提出了一种新型的最优路径计算方法——鱼群算法,并针对其在搜索空间、收敛性以及寻求最优解等方面存在的不足,提出了改进鱼群算法。结合实际工程案例,对鱼群算法和改进鱼群算法在相同循环次数下寻求最短路径做了对比,结果显示改进的鱼群算法成功率高、收敛快,具有一定的应用价值。     

Legitimising risk taking: articulating dangerous behaviour on the road

Using a deliberative approach 228 members of the public from four locations in the United Kingdom took part in six focus groups that met on three occasions. Applying a model based on two interlocking sets of theories (Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behaviour and Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory) in the analysis of participants' responses, the paper explores the social and environmental systems that an individual interacts with in the articulation of risky behaviours on the road. Participants discussed how taking risks changed over their lifecourse and how they became safer with age. Social norms and perceived behavioural control influence road user safety behaviour through the exchanging of attitudes, and younger drivers especially are more likely to embrace the symbolic role of the car. The paper concludes that the nature of identity and culture within risk taking is important when designing interventions on the ground.