铁路起重机旋转式与双回转支承式伸缩平衡重的比较

介绍了当前国际上流行的2种铁路起重机伸缩式平衡重的结构形式和特点,从技术发展过程、结构、性能与价格等多方面进行了分析比较。     

虚拟化技术在五洲国际集装箱码头的应用

结合天津五洲国际集装箱码头计算机网络系统的工程实例,简要介绍服务器虚拟化技术在网络系统升级改造中的成功应用,该系统通过对数据中心服务器的整合简化服务器管理,实现系统快速备份和恢复,大大提升了系统的实用性,大幅降低了网络维护成本。     

基于归约的几何约束求解策略

针对几何约束系统归约分解中高阶顶点的求解问题,提出高阶低代的低维数值迭代求解算法.通过去除部分约束,使得高阶顶点分解为含有欠约束顶点的低阶求解序列,对求解序列中的欠约束顶点添加虚拟参数变量,以虚拟参数变量的部分迭代求解,替代系统的整体数值求解,提高求解效率和稳定性,算法具有很强的通用性,并在实际应用中得到验证.     

基于遗传算法的道路车辆自组织网络源路由机制

在当前基于交叉路口的城市车辆自组织网络(VANETs)路由协议中，道路上数据包传输大多采用基于地理位置的贪婪转发策略，当数据量较大时，个别节点负载较重，极易引起传输延迟增大乃至丢包的情况.本文提出了一种基于遗传算法的源路由机制，通过记录单体车辆的驾驶信息而非传统方法中的车流均值数据，来预测道路上车辆网络的连通情况，并借助遗传算法，首次基于道路连通性、节点负载和连接跳数这3 点综合考虑，计算得出道路上最佳的源路由节点序列.仿真实验结果表明，在传输率与延迟时间上，性能均优于传统的贪婪路由机制，尤其在车流量为250 veh· lane-1· h-1时，传输率提升约13%.该研究可为智能交通信息通讯提供可靠助力.     

分布式开关电源及其实现

介绍了分布式开关电源的原理和优点，分析了分布式开关电源实现的基本原理，说明了几种实现开关电源均流的方法，包括这些方法的主电路和实现原理。     

粉细砂土填筑压实技术试验研究

通过室内及现场试验,对粉细砂土物理力学性质和压实工艺进行研究,结果表明:粉细砂土颗粒均匀集中,通过增加单位击实功的方法不能有效提高粉细砂土的最大干密度;粉细砂土对较高含水率具有很强的敏感性,且最优含水率右侧强于左侧;粉细砂土压缩至稳定所用时间很短,碾压过程较为省时;依靠增大碾压压力来提高粉细砂土压实度的方法不可行;粉细砂土的抗剪强度峰值随法向压力增大而提高;总结了粉细砂土有约束碾压的技术参数。     

General stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem with link capacity constraints

This paper addresses a general stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) traffic assignment problem with link capacity constraints. It first proposes a novel linearly constrained minimization model in terms of path flows and then shows that any of its local minimums satisfies the generalized SUE conditions. As the objective function of the proposed model involves path‐specific delay functions without explicit mathematical expressions, its Lagrangian dual formulation is analyzed. On the basis of the Lagrangian dual model, a convergent Lagrangian dual method with a predetermined step size sequence is developed. This solution method merely invokes a subroutine at each iteration to perform a conventional SUE traffic assignment excluding link capacity constraints. Finally, two numerical examples are used to illustrate the proposed model and solution method.     

X生产线线平衡建模研究

本文是以某汽车厂一机加工单元为研究对象,结合生产线平衡理论研究,通过对该单元生产线平衡的全面分析及改进,对动态线平衡技术在机加工单元的实际应用进行了论述。     

An optimization model for bus fleet replacement with budgetary and environmental constraints

ABSTRACT

As maintenance and operation costs increase with usage over time, equipment is replaced when the value of new equipment is more attractive. Some methods have been developed to solve this problem. In the public transport sector, such problems are frequently analyzed by fleet managers and determined by bus age restriction regulations. We propose an Integer Programming model that integrates both budgetary and environmental constraints (CO₂ emissions) which, as far as we know, have not previously been studied in conjunction. The study aims to determine the optimal replacement plan for a fleet of diesel buses of different size, age, maintenance costs and emissions rates, with new (less polluting) diesel buses over a time horizon of 50 years. The results indicate that it is possible to reduce emissions with a low annual budget using an optimal replacement policy.     

A study on time constraints and task deviations at sea leading to accidents – a cultural-historical perspective

The high frequency of maritime accidents and incidents occurring at sea has been a major challenge for the maritime industry in the last decades. The majority of these accidents are attributed to seafarers’ poor performance. This, despite the fact that the international maritime domain continues to adopt and update conventions regulating maritime safety to mitigate these accidents from occurring. In this paper, utilising a qualitative research approach, we show through a socio-cultural contextual perspective that time constraints as a major influencing factor in causing task deviations at sea which leads to dangerous situations. We analyse how some of the present barriers in place to prevent accidents at sea are in effect prompt seafarers who are working under time pressure to deviate from their task. Moreover, the paper discusses the social constituents such as job insecurity and the seafarers’ viewpoint towards the ship operators’ commitment to safe ship operations are crucial in motivating seafarers’ deviating from the task at hand when faced with time pressure.