随机森林算法在地铁车辆门系统润滑退化状态预测中的应用

为了更准确地对地铁车辆门系统的润滑退化状态进行诊断,提出了一种基于随机森林(RF)算法的车门润滑退化预测方法。首先,从车门驱动电机的电流、转速和转矩输出信号中提取时域特征指标作为表征车门运行状态的特征向量;然后,将特征向量作为RF算法的输入,对系统的润滑退化状态进行离线建模,得到不同的润滑退化状态的训练模型;最后,将在线分析结果与离线建立的模型库进行对比,预测当前系统所处的润滑状态。仿真结果表明,与传统的单分类器K-Means的诊断结果相比,RF算法在车门的润滑退化预测中具有更高的精度,可以及时预测系统的润滑退化征兆,对提高车门系统的安全性、可靠性,以及降低故障率具有重要意义。     

胶济客运专线道床质量状态参数试验研究

对胶济客运专线建设过程中不同施工阶段道床质量状态进行了试验研究.基于现场测试结果,通过多项式回归分析得出回归方程式,并进行绘图对比.试验研究表明:在施工不同阶段,道床状态参数达到验收标准的要求;不同施工阶段、不同机具、不同作业条件对道床状态参数的影响有所不同.试验结果可供客运专线跨区间无缝线路铺设及安全开通运营提供借鉴.     

治理压载水外来生物入侵的方法

介绍了目前国内外治理船舶压载水外来生物入侵的方法。现有的方法在安全性、实用性、环保性、技术可行性和投资运行费用等方面均有其局限性。采用羟基可杀死压载水中的有害生物,由于具有广谱、快速、低成本和无残留污染物等特点,有望成为治理压载水外来生物入侵的理想方法。     

Reducing the cost of ballast tank corrosion: an economic modeling approach

One of the most relevant problems in ship construction and maintenance nowadays concerns the corrosion in the double hull space ballast tanks of modern merchant vessels. On the one hand, there is a general consensus that the economic life span of such a vessel depends primarily upon the corrosion state of its ballast tanks, while on the other hand, the position of these tanks, squeezed between the outer hull and the loading tanks, makes routine inspection and maintenance almost impossible.Today, ship's ballast tanks are usually constructed in grade A steel and protected with a standard epoxy coating, backed up with sacrificial zinc anodes. Such a construction has been applied without significant alterations for many years. However, the objective of this economic study is to compare this construction method with some feasible alternatives. The considered alternatives are: (1) an increase of the scantlings, eliminating the necessity to replace corroded steel but diminishing the cargo carrying capacity of the ship, (2) application of the novel and more durable TSCF₂₅ coating (3), the use of corrosion resistant steel in ship construction or (4) a standard PSPC₁₅ coating combined with lifetime lasting aluminum sacrificial anodes. After running each alternative through a cost model including an extensive sensitivity analysis, it is concluded that the durable coating and the use of lifetime lasting aluminum anodes are bound to improve the actual basic tank concept. Corrosion resistant steel becomes attractive depending upon the evolution of the international steel market.     

大型集装箱船压载舱溢流保护系统设计和研究

减少船舶自重以增加货运量是现代造船的重要课题之一。对大型集装箱船的压载水和压载舱透气管路进行系统性优化,可以达到船舶减重、节约钢材和节能减排的目的。以某大型集装箱船为例,分别给出了货舱区域和机舱区域两种压载舱溢流保护系统的布置方案,并运用管路阻力公式计算出两种方案下压载水舱的设计载荷,结果显示优化减重效果显著。同时,还列出了两种方案的优缺点,对不适用的船只进行了说明。     

通用型FPSO关键管网系统水锤分析及防护

在深水通用型FPSO工程中,水锤产生的压力会对管路系统造成危害,严重影响工程进度。运用AFT Impulse建立通用型FPSO压载水系统模型,对系统进行瞬态分析,得出不同关阀工况下水锤仿真结果。通过多次仿真对结果进行比较,得到相对合理的关阀方案,确保管路系统的安全。     

异型特大沉箱安装中施工难点的控制

异型特大沉箱是整个29届奥运会青岛国际帆船中心水工工程Ⅰ标段工程中安装难度最大的沉箱。由于该沉箱从重量、高度、面积上都是目前亚洲最大的,安装的码头又是突堤码头,并且该沉箱在船坞内不能环卫,需在海上将沉箱托运到安装现场,这无疑增加了沉箱的安装难度,异型特大沉箱的安装难度主要取决于沉箱浮云出坞门和沉香的安装两个工序。针对施工难点,结合集合施工实际从九个方面进行了论证,包括沉箱的托运、船坞坞壁的设置、卷扬机的使用、划分水区控制摄水量等方面进行了探讨。     

对石渣在振动压实过程中永久变形的动态控制

通过室内振动压实成型系统，对石渣在压实成型过程中永久变形的控制进行了理论和实验的研究。由理论分析，得到了可以通过石渣形成结构过程中抗力的变化来控制其永久变形。利用动力学理论和自动测试技术，对石渣的成型过程进行了实时测量，通过监控其动力响应的变化来识别其抗力的变化，并与实测的密度进行了对比分析，得到了较满意的结果，为现场控制石渣路基的永久变形奠定了基础。     

Added resistance acting on hull of a non ballast water ship

In this paper, added resistances acting on a hull of non ballast water ship(NBS) in high waves is discussed. The non ballast water ships were developed at the laboratory of the authors at Osaka Prefecture University, Japan. In the present paper, the performances of three kinds of bow shapes developed for the NBS were theoretically and experimentally investigated to find the best one in high waves. In previous papers, an optimum bow shape for the NBS was developed in calm water and in moderated waves. For a 2 m model for experiments and computations, the wave height is 0.02 m. This means that the wave height is 15% of the draft of the ship in full load conditions. In this paper, added resistances in high waves up to 0.07 m for a 2 m model or 53% of the full load draft are investigated. In such high waves linear wave theories which have been used in the design stage of a ship for a long time may not work well anymore, and experiments are the only effective tool to predict the added resistance in high waves. With the computations for waves, the ship is in a fully captured condition because shorter waves, λ/Lpp0.6, are assumed.     

汽轮机主蒸汽疏水管爆管失效分析

针对一台汽轮机主蒸汽疏水管爆管事故,通过宏观检查爆口外观、分析管材成分变化、分析金相组织变化、检查弯头减薄、检查强度变化等,分析了疏水管爆管失效的原因。确定材质劣化和介质冲刷严重造成管壁减薄是疏水管爆管事故的原因。提出了相应的建议和措施,确保设备安全运行。