夹层板在舰艇冲击防护中的研究进展

为了提高舰艇抗冲击能力,已发展了各种舰艇冲击防护方法。传统的冲击防护手段会使舰艇的重量大幅增加,影响舰艇总体性能。夹层板的出现给舰艇冲击防护提供了另外一条途径,成为近期国内外相关研究的热点。文中以舰艇冲击防护为背景,从夹层板的冲击变形模式、微惯量效应、应变率效应、几何非线性效应、流固耦合效应、以及均匀化和模拟试验方法等方面,回顾了近期国内外相关研究进展。     

基于完全耦合算法的绕水翼流固耦合特性研究

基于完全耦合算法对绕二维NACA0009水翼流固耦合特性进行了数值模拟研究。采用Theodorsen模型和Munch模型对刚性和弹性水翼的水弹性响应进行了数值计算,分析了流体与结构的相互作用关系,研究了影响结构水弹性响应和流固耦合特性的因素。研究结果表明:考虑了流体黏性的Munch模型与基于势流理论的Theodorsen模型对气动弹性响应的数值计算结果基本一致,而Theodorsen模型由于没有考虑流体黏性在一定程度上低估了结构的水弹性响应。结构的惯性、阻尼和刚度力矩与流体的相应附加载荷均处于同一数量级,故流体与结构的相互作用不可忽略,尤其对于弹性水翼,流体的惯性、附加阻尼作用增大,流固耦合算法的数值稳定性对流固耦合特性的计算结果影响将更大。外部激励频率为非共振频率时,结构的刚度作用是影响水弹性响应的主要因素,外部激励频率为共振频率时,流体的附加阻尼和附加刚度作用减弱,除结构的刚度作用外,流体与结构的惯性作用对水弹性响应和流固耦合特性的影响也较大。     

船体影响下舵附推力鳍的节能效果研究

通过 CFD方法实现船舶自航试验模拟,计算在船体影响下舵附推力鳍可带来2.3%左右的节能效果,分析指出舵附推力鳍通过吸收螺旋桨尾流能量,增加螺旋桨推力,改善船尾伴流,降低船身阻力的节能原理。计算敞水状态下桨/舵/舵附推力鳍系统的推进性能,并与船体影响下的推进性能进行比较,指出敞水状态下舵附推力鳍的工作状态与在船体影响下有着较大不同,为设计人员提供基础参考。     

基于草图的战场态势标绘系统

手绘草图以笔式交互为信息获取手段,以捕捉和理解用户的输入意图为目的,是表达人类思维最自然的人机交互方式.通过分析军事标绘中目前需要解决的人机交互问题,简单介绍草图识别技术,并将草图技术引入军事标绘,提出了基于草图的战场态势快速标绘系统的基本框架,以及系统各主要部分的实现方法.     

分层饱和土中横向受荷桩动力阻抗分析方法

考虑饱和土的成层性和孔隙流体与土骨架变形的相互作用,用积分变换方法构建盘面和柱面荷载作用下土体与结构动力相互作用影响函数,用边界元方法建立相应的考虑饱和土成层性的地基与桩基础动力相互作用分析方法。以层状饱和土中横向受荷桩动力阻抗分析表明分析方法的可行性。     

高强铝合金加筋薄壁梁板元相互作用研究

本文进行了某典型高强铝合金加筋薄壁梁的弯剪承载特性研究。依据工程要求设计了三种缩尺试验模型:横向加筋薄壁梁、附加纵向止裂筋薄壁梁和腹板开口补强薄壁梁。静力加载试验表明:(1)试验件破坏均由受压翼缘的局部屈曲破坏导致,但是不同试验件的屈曲翼缘弯曲变形方向不同;(2)处于腹板受拉区的纵向止裂筋不影响结构承载特性;(3)特别地,试验发现跨中腹板开口补强引起了相邻梁段屈曲翼缘承载力显著提升,目前普遍认为横向加强筋隔开的板元之间无相互作用,因此可以认为这是一种新的板元承载力相互作用。进而,基于被试验验证的有限元模型进行了材料屈曲强度的参数化分析,并证实材料屈服强度越高,板元相互作用引起的屈曲翼缘的承载力变化幅度越大。     

Dynamic interaction of parallel moving ships in close proximity

Nowadays,there are many studies conducted in the field of marine hydrodynamics which focus on two vessels traveling and floating in sufficiently close proximity to experience significant interactions.The hydrodynamic behavior of parallel moving ships in waves is an interesting and important topic of late.A numerical investigation has been carried out for the prediction of wave exciting forces and motion responses of parallel moving ships in regular waves.The numerical solution was based on 3D distribution technique and using the linear wave theory to determine the exciting forces and ship＇s motion.The speed effects have been considered in the Green function for more realistic results.The numerical computations of wave exciting forces and motion responses were carried out for a Mariner and Series 60 for the purpose of discovering different Froude numbers and different separation distances in head sea conditions.Based on the numerical computations,it was revealed that the sway,roll and yaw have a significant effect due to hydrodynamic interaction.     

Two-dimensional numerical simulation and experiment on strongly nonlinear wave–body interactions

A constrained interpolation profile (CIP)-based Cartesian grid method for strongly nonlinear wave–body interaction problems is presented and validated by a newly designed experiment, which is performed in a two-dimensional wave channel. In the experiment, a floating body that has a rectangular section shape is used. A superstructure is installed on the deck and a small floating-body freeboard is adopted in order to easily obtain water-on-deck phenomena. A forced oscillation test in heave and a wave–body interaction test are carried out. The numerical simulation is performed by the CIP-based Cartesian grid method, which is described in this paper. The CIP scheme is applied in the Cartesian grid-based flow solver. New improvements of the method include an interface-capturing method that applies the tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing (THINC) scheme and a virtual particle method for the floating body. The efficiency of the THINC scheme is shown by a dam-breaking computation. Numerical simulations on the experimental problem for both the forced oscillation test and the wave–body interaction test are carried out, and the results are compared to the measurements. All of the comparisons are reasonably good. It is shown, based on the numerical examples, that the present CIP-based Cartesian grid method is an accurate and efficient method for predicting strongly nonlinear wave–body interactions.     

声辐射问题的一种新的无限元方法

声波在无限大外域中的传播和衰减问题是研究声与结构相互作用的重要基础。该文提出了一种新的声无限单元耦合有限元方法于外域声辐射问题的计算。应用加权残值法推导了声无限单元的刚度矩阵和质量矩阵,选取的形函数及权函数充分考虑了外域声传播的基本特点及无穷远辐射边界条件。计算实例表明这种方法对于求解无界域声场问题是非常有效的。     

一种计算吊舱与螺旋桨相互干扰的新方法

为了计算吊舱推进器的非定常水动力性能,建立了用诱导速度势处理吊舱和螺旋桨非定常相互干扰的方法,并和用诱导速度处理两者相互干扰的方法作了对比分析.讨论了两种方法的数值计算中为了避免奇异性而对一些参数的设定方法.经过用两种方法对均匀来流和非均匀来流条件下水动力性能的计算比较,发现两种方法的计算结果很接近,并与模型试验结果吻合得很好,但用诱导速度势的方法编程工作量较诱导速度方法少,而且还可节省大量的计算时间和存储空间,是一种计算吊舱推进器和其他组合推进器水动力性能相对简单而且有效的方法.