纯电动客车在线诊断系统设计及应用

目前大部分纯电动客车生产时的整车性能调试依赖技术开发人员,非常不利于纯电动客车的批量生产。本文详述一种能够对纯电动客车进行快速调试和在线诊断的系统,有利于纯电动客车的批量生产。     

长途客车制动性能模拟计算分析

针对长途客车行驶过程中频繁出现的由于制动性能而导致的安全隐患,为了进一步完善和提高车辆制动性能参数的设计效率,建立了长途客车整车动力学计算模型,制动系统动力学模型以及轮胎模型,并在Visual C++环境下编写了长途客车制动性能模拟计算系统,通过模拟计算分析获得长途客车制动过程中的制动性能参数及响应曲线,并判断其是否符合相关制动性标准,为制动性能的完善提供了可靠、有效的参考。     

Stability enhancement and fuel economy of the 4-wheel-drive hybrid electric vehicles by optimal tyre force distribution

In this paper, vehicle stability control and fuel economy for a 4-wheel-drive hybrid vehicle are investigated. The integrated controller is designed within three layers. The first layer determines the total yaw moment and total lateral force made by using an optimal controller method to follow the desired dynamic behaviour of a vehicle. The second layer determines optimum tyre force distribution in order to optimise tyre usage and find out how the tyres should share longitudinal and lateral forces to achieve a target vehicle response under the assumption that all four wheels can be independently steered, driven, and braked. In the third layer, the active steering, wheel slip, and electrical motor torque controllers are designed. In the front axle, internal combustion engine (ICE) is coupled to an electric motor (EM). The control strategy has to determine the power distribution between ICE and EM to minimise fuel consumption and allowing the vehicle to be charge sustaining. Finally, simulations performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment show that the proposed structure could enhance the vehicle stability and fuel economy in different manoeuvres.     

Design of safety-oriented control allocation strategies for overactuated electric vehicles

The new vehicle platforms for electric vehicles (EVs) that are becoming available are characterised by actuator redundancy, which makes it possible to jointly optimise different aspects of the vehicle motion. To do this, high-level control objectives are first specified and solved with appropriate control strategies. Then, the resulting virtual control action must be translated into actual actuator commands by a control allocation layer that takes care of computing the forces to be applied at the wheels. This step, in general, is quite demanding as far as computational complexity is considered. In this work, a safety-oriented approach to this problem is proposed. Specifically, a four-wheel steer EV with four in-wheel motors is considered, and the high-level motion controller is designed within a sliding mode framework with conditional integrators. For distributing the forces among the tyres, two control allocation approaches are investigated. The first, based on the extension of the cascading generalised inverse method, is computationally efficient but shows some limitations in dealing with unfeasible force values. To solve the problem, a second allocation algorithm is proposed, which relies on the linearisation of the tyre–road friction constraints. Extensive tests, carried out in the CarSim simulation environment, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

基于CAN总线的柴油机数据采集系统设计

设计了基于CAN总线的柴油机运行参数采集系统,以C8051F040单片机为核心,采用传感器、信号调理模块和AT45DB161存储芯片实现数据的采集与存储,阐述了系统的硬件结构和程序设计。试验表明,设计的系统可快速准确地采集柴油机各种运行参数,实现实时采集、历史数据存储,扩展方便,经济实用。     

公交人文覆盖率及其计算方法研究

为克服现行评价城市公交覆盖水平的核心指标只基于供给角度,忽略公交服务效率和不同区域民众出行需求各异的局限性,从公交供给和居民出行需求角度出发,兼顾公交服务的普遍性与效率性,提出并构建了公交人文覆盖率指标,探索通过选取不同人文因子以计算公交人文覆盖率的方法。研究结果表明：公交人文覆盖率指标比现行的公交覆盖率指标更能体现公交服务水平,将公交人文覆盖率指标纳入城市公交覆盖水平的评价体系有助于抑制“为覆盖率而覆盖”的盲目行为,对提高公交资源的利用率有积极意义。     

大城市中心区近期公交专用道体系构建初探——以杭州市为例

随着城市化和机动化的快速发展,城市交通拥堵日益加剧,"公交优先"已引起广泛的重视,而公交专用道是最重要的公交优先路权保障措施。该文对公交专用道的发展背景和发展趋势进行了分析,并以杭州市公交专用道体系设置为例,在大城市公交专用道的体系构建流程研究的基础上提出公交专用道的相关配套设施实施建议,旨在说明公交专用道体系建设时,须同步建设公交换乘枢纽、调整优化公交线路等配套设施,方可发挥公交专用道体系的规模效应,引导市民出行方式转变。     

应用于动力电池热管理的重力型热管仿真研究

针对应用于车用动力电池热管理的重力型热管开展了建模与仿真研究,采用控制变量法分析了不同充液率、内壁面接触角和初始压力对热管启动性能与换热特性的影响。结果表明,随着充液率的增大,传热性能在提升,当充液率为85.7%时传热速率达到峰值。随着接触角的增大,传热性能在降低,当接触角为60o时传热速率达到峰值。随着初始压力的增大,传热性能在降低,当初始压力为3 361 Pa时传热速率达到峰值。     

基于CRUISE的微型低速电动车主减速比研究

本文以某企业生产的微型低速电动车电驱动系统作为研究对象,按照产业标准及设计指标对电驱动系统关键部件进行参数匹配设计,利用CRUISE仿真软件分析了动力性及经济性;并运用ISIGHT与CRUISE联合仿真技术求解出该车型最佳减速比。通过样车实验表明,该方法求解微型低速电动车最佳主减速比准确可靠、效率高,可用于优化动力性与经济性。     

基于STM32的蓄电池内阻测量系统设计

文章设计了一款以STM32微处理器为核心的蓄电池内阻测量系统,采用交流阻抗法对电池内阻进行测量.针对测量信号微弱,易淹没于噪声的特点,应用相关检测技术以检出有用信息.调试和对比实验数据表明,该系统可实现对蓄电池内阻的在线、快速、精准测量.