白铜在两种海洋优势细菌环境中的腐蚀行为研究

利用间歇式方法培养硫酸盐还原菌和需那弧菌,并采用自腐蚀电位、极化曲线、冷场扫描电镜观察等方法,研究了白铜在海洋优势菌种硫酸盐还原菌和需钠弧菌共同作用下的腐蚀电化学行为。结果表明：海洋微生物的存在加速了白铜的腐蚀进程;硫酸盐还原菌在混合菌种培养基中对白铜的腐蚀起主导作用;硫酸盐还原菌和需钠弧菌共同作用下基体表面团聚现象严重,倾向于发生点蚀;微生物对基体腐蚀影响严重程度依次为：硫酸盐还原菌、混合菌、需钠弧菌、无菌。     

分心驾驶研究文献计量学分析

车辆自动化和信息娱乐系统的发展趋势使驾驶人分心成为日益突出的社会问题。为全面了解分心驾驶的研究进展，本文选取近 12 年关于分心驾驶的 2313 篇文章，利用文献计量工具VOSviewer和R-Bibliometrix系统梳理与分析分心驾驶的研究现状。首先，概述分心驾驶研究的总体情况，包括分心驾驶研究的国家分布、核心作者及核心期刊；其次，重点归纳分心驾驶领域的高影响力文献，并从“注意力机制”“分心驾驶风险与年轻驾驶人驾驶行为”“分心源”“分心驾驶检测”“自动驾驶下驾驶人的分心效应”这5个研究主题总结分心驾驶的研究热点；最后，构建分心驾驶的研究体系，并预测未来的发展趋势。研究认为：有必要加强研究分心的形成、消散和恢复机理；需扩展研究对象和场景，综合考虑车内和车外的分心源以及复合分心带来的风险；多源信息融合及考虑多类型分心可以进一步完善分心驾驶风险的研究；界定分心状态与等级划分，针对不同驾驶分心类型的识别应是未来分心驾驶检测研究的重点；自动驾驶场景下的分心行为及接管效能，以及混合交通流下的分心状态是值得关注的研究。基于机器视觉的分心检测和自动驾驶的接管效能将成为分心驾驶领域的研究前沿。     

基于出行行为模型的出行感染风险评估 ——以新冠肺炎疫情期间江苏省地区为例

为准确评估新冠肺炎疫情期间的出行感染风险，在对出行行为进行全出行链建模基础上提出出行风险评估模型.基于江苏省确诊病例流行病学调查报告和线上问卷调查数据，分别对病毒携带者和普通出行者出行行为模型进行参数标定，对比分析病毒携带者和普通出行者出行行为的异同.进一步对疫情期间不同出行方式和出行活动进行感染风险评估. 得到结论：交通管制措施可有效降低出行感染风险，就医出行风险明显高于其他出行活动，差旅在疫情传播初期风险较高，非机动车出行风险相对较低.     

Human resources in the mixed ownership reform of Chinese ports: the mediating effects of organizational commitment

In the process of the change to mixed ownership of Chinese ports, the allocation of human resources has become increasingly important because of the workforce’s growing concerns regarding losses of benefits. The mediating effect of organizational commitment in the relationship between person-organization fit and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) can provide a significant reference for port managers and regulators, i.e., the government, regarding the framework of human resource systems. The data examined in this study were collected from three Chinese ports (Qingdao Port, Yantai Port and Rizhao Port) that are in the process of changing to mixed ownership. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypotheses. The results show that it is extremely difficult for groups with vested interests in Chinese ports to achieve consistency fit in the short term and to accept potential losses. Moreover, it is imperative to adopt a scientific and efficient person-organization fit mechanism and personnel system to achieve a higher level of fit.     

幼儿群体单向流运动行为特性分析

现有关于行人群体运动行为的研究和规范绝大部分是以成年人群为主体的研究，关于儿童群体的理论及实验研究非常匮乏，在进行儿童群集运动管理及幼儿相关步行设施设计时往往需要参考以成年人群为主体所获得的理论及经验数据。本文组织了不同情境下(正常情况及应急疏散)幼儿群体的运动实验，通过实验数据对幼儿群体单向流运动的流密速关系、速度离散性、个体超越行为等基本特性进行了定量研究，并和成年人群的相关特性进行比较分析。实验结果表明，幼儿群体单向流的流(速)密关系呈现一种弥散性的分布，其速度的变异系数接近成年人的4~6 倍；此外，相比于成年人群中所表现出的秩序性，幼儿在单向流运动过程中更倾向于发生超越行为，其在通道中的平均位次变化强度接近成年人实验的3倍。本文研究成果有助于进一步了解幼儿群体单向流运动的基本特性，厘清幼儿与成年人群体的行为特性差异，以更好地指导幼儿群集运动的管理，以及为幼儿相关步行设施的设计和评估提供参考。     

The built environment and travel behavior in urban China: A literature review

Interests in studying of the built environment impacts on travel behavior have proliferated from North America to other parts of the world including China. Until very recently, there has been very little research into travel behavior in China. However, during the last decade, there has been a fast growing interest in studying the built environment and travel behavior in Chinese cities, perhaps motivated by China’s unprecedented urbanization and rapid urban transport development. Case studies from China provide new insights into the impacts of built environment on travel behavior that can help to enrich existing scholarship. However, currently there is a generally poor understanding of the role played by Chinese research and how it has enriched the international literature. This paper aims to fill this gap by reviewing studies in and outside China by both Chinese and non-Chinese scholars. The focus is on the contribution of these studies to the international literature. We identify four areas of contribution: how the built environment has been developed and its implications for travel behavior; the importance of housing sources in defining residential built environment and explaining travel behavior; the unique Danwei (or work unit) perspective on jobs-housing relationships and commuting behavior; and the importance of neighborhood types in explaining travel behavior in Chinese cities. The findings from this review should be relevant for researchers interested in developing future studies that will further advance geographic knowledge of the built environment and travel behavior, specifically in China and with broader global contexts.     

冰雪条件下中国驾驶员跟驰行为及模型研究

分析驾驶员在冰雪条件下的驾驶行为特性，建立考虑驾驶员行为特性的跟驰模型，有助于丰富现有交通流理论.通过招募驾驶员开展实车跟驰试验，对比分析正常条件与冰雪条件下的驾驶行为差异.进而基于任务难度均衡理论构建包含人类因素参数的任务难度模块，引入改进后的智能驾驶员模型，并采用车辆轨迹数据对模型进行标定和有效性验证.研究表明：驾驶员在跟驰行驶过程中受外界刺激及自身驾驶能力影响时会对车辆行驶状态进行动态调整，试图保持期望间距，且速度与前车一致的状态；冰雪条件下驾驶员采取风险补偿行为，其车头时距波动幅度较正常条件收窄，模型引入人类因素参数可以较好地描述其差异性. 模型有效性验证表明，新模型在6个仿真场景中的表现都优于传统智能驾驶员模型，且表现出更好的鲁棒性.研究结果可为冰雪条件下的交通管理措施制定提供理论支持.     

双弧型横向钢阻尼装置试验研究与应用分析

以商合杭客运专线颍上特大桥为工程背景,对双弧型横向钢阻尼装置的应用性能进行了试验研究.结果表明:双弧型横向钢阻尼装置具有较好的滞回特性,应用双弧型横向钢阻尼装置可以降低桥梁横桥向1阶频率,减小桥梁横向地震力,提高桥梁的抗震性能,但并未改变桥梁的振型特征.     

驾驶人“感知-决策-操控”行为模型

为准确模拟驾驶人跟车行为，提出基于隐马尔可夫模型(Hidden Markov Model，HMM)的驾驶人“感知-决策-操控”行为模型。建立描述驾驶意愿的HMM模型，模拟驾驶人感知过程，获得期望的车间距；预测模块模拟驾驶人根据交通环境和自身生理、心理状态预测车辆未来轨迹，即决策过程；优化模块描述驾驶人为使预测的车辆轨迹跟踪上期望的车辆间距而采取的操控汽车的执行动作，即操控过程。上述3个模块的滚动过程实现了对驾驶人跟车行为的模拟。利用自然驾驶数据进行算例分析，结果表明，本文模型预测车间距平均误差仅为1.47%，证明了所建模型的有效性及准确性。本文为驾驶行为建模方法的理论研究和应用拓宽了思路。     

Theoretical and numerical analysis of bending behavior of unbonded flexible risers

This paper presents theoretical and numerical study on bending properties of unbonded flexible risers. To capture nonlinearities in layer's sliding, the stress component due to slip-stick behavior is considered and energy conservation principle considering sliding-caused heat consumption is employed in the analytical model. Besides, a finite element model estimating mechanics of unbonded flexible risers' bending is proposed. In the finite element model, couplings between bending moment–curvature and axial stress as well as contact interaction among layers and tendons have been considered. The theoretical and numerical results were validated against the corresponding experimental data in literature and mutually compared in analyzing nonlinear bending behavior of flexible risers. Moreover, the impacts of axisymmetric loads on riser's bending behavior have been further investigated.