圆形配筋钢管混凝土桥柱受压力学性能的试验研究

为研究圆形配筋钢管混凝土桥柱的受压力学性能,对中空圆钢管柱、圆钢管混凝土(CFT)柱及配筋圆钢管混凝土(RCFT)柱进行轴压试验,探讨混凝土强度、钢筋配置的数量和位置、加强肋、钢管的径厚比等对配筋圆钢管混凝土柱的承载力和变形性能等力学性能的影响。研究表明:(1)对于CFT柱,柱破坏时核心高强混凝土表现出明显的脆性,柱的极限受压承载力提高,变形性能降低。(2)钢筋的配置提高了核心混凝土的抗剪承载力,柱破坏时核心混凝土未发生剪切破坏。RCFT柱比中空钢管柱和CFT柱具有更高的承载力和更优的变形性能。(3)带加强肋的柱破坏时核心混凝土与加强肋密不可分,加强肋对于钢管和核心混凝土的一体化性能有明显的促进作用,加强肋可提高约束效果,柱的极限受压承载力和延性都有所提高。(4)钢管径厚比越大,对核心混凝土的约束效果越好。     

40m上承式钢板梁桥加固前后动力特性研究

从理论上对钢板梁桥横向加固效果进行了定性分析,并应用大型有限元分析软件AN-SYS建立了加固前后桥梁结构的三维空间有限元模型。通过模态分析获得了加固前后结构前10阶自振频率和振型,并对几种方案的加固效果进行了定量分析,得出有意义的结论。     

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国外已经广泛使用的SP调查方法在我国交通领域还鲜有应用，因此，本文首先介绍了交通SP（Stated Preference）调查和RP（Revealed Preference）调查的不同，并阐述了前者相对于后者的优越性。交通方式选择模型中，采用RP调查标定时间价值参数，通常会由于数据相关性较强而产生误差，进而影响到整个四阶段模型的精度。本文在构架交通方式选择模型的基础上，指出行为时间价值参数的重要性，并分析了其不易准确衡量的原因。在此基础上，以北京市市域交通模型为例，利用SP调查以较低的成本获取足够的数据，从而准确地标定了时间价值参数，提高了模型的精度。     

黑腹果蝇梳理行为谱及行为序列研究

目的构建黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)的梳理行为谱并研究其行为序列。方法使用集中个体取样法和扫描取样法观察记录目标动物的行为,Ethom软件处理数据。结果黑腹果蝇梳理行为共计15种,且具特定的行为序列:前足参与的梳理行为很少与后足参与的梳理行为产生联系,当梳理前翅时,果蝇会趋向于继续梳理前翅或转向梳理身体后部;而当梳理身体后部时,果蝇会趋向于继续梳理身体后部或转向梳理前翅而不会趋向于梳理身体前部。去翅后梳理行为组成及行为序列均未改变。结论果蝇的梳理行为是一种先天定型行为,各梳理行为之间非随机出现,具有特定的时间序列。     

The association between transit access and auto ownership: evidence from Guangzhou,China

In many developing countries, massive investment in transit infrastructure is concurrent with the proliferation of automobiles. Planners expect that investment can slow the growth of auto ownership. However, few studies have examined the relationships between transit access and auto ownership in developing countries, whereas research in developed countries offers mixed findings and the outcomes may not be applicable to developing countries. This study employs a random effect ordered probit model on data collected from Guangzhou residents in 2011–2012. We find that transit access is negatively associated with auto ownership, after controlling for demographics and other built environment variables. This result suggests that, although income is the dominant driver for auto ownership in growing developing countries, transit investment is a promising strategy to slow the growth of auto ownership. This study also highlights the importance of addressing spatial dependency in clustered data.     

矩形盾构隧道管片衬砌施工期结构性能的现场试验研究： 结合上海虹桥临空11-3地块地下连接通道工程

本文以国内首条矩形盾构隧道工程为背景,对矩形盾构衬砌结构在整个施工期的荷载及结构响应进行现场追踪测试,探索衬砌结构在施工期的主要受力阶段、结构外荷载及其响应随时间的变化规律,以全面掌握矩形盾构隧道衬砌结构在施工期的受力行为。研究结果表明： 1）衬砌结构在施工期的受力可划分为自重阶段、脱出盾尾阶段、同步注浆阶段和稳定荷载阶段; 2）脱出盾尾阶段和同步注浆阶段的结构外荷载分别为稳定荷载阶段的1.5~3.0倍和1.5~2.5倍,为衬砌结构在施工期的2个不利受力阶段; 3）稳定荷载阶段的结构外荷载及其分布与理论计算较为吻合; 4）衬砌结构在施工期的内力基本满足左右对称,内力分布特征与运营阶段基本一致。     

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对北京市信号交叉口的自行车和行人在混合交通流中的微观行为进行研究分析。研究中使用视频采集技术和数据分析技术来收集和分析自行车和行人在交叉口的行为。论文的主要研究结果是信号交叉口字自行车和行人的各种微观行为特征和基础行为模型， 这些结果有助于理解信号交叉口混合交通流的行为，并为城市混合交通流的微观交通模拟模型提供基础数据和理论依据。     

基于TPB的低碳交通出行方式研究

以计划行为理论(TPB)为基础构建低碳出行行为模型,利用结构方程模型分析影响出行者交通行为决策的各因素,并收集整理我国大中型城市出行者数据进行验证。研究结果表明:所有的TPB因子均为有效影响因素,引入预期后悔和行为习惯可以增加TPB对出行行为的解释力,出行意向对出行行为的效应最大。最后,基于各因素的作用路径提出加大宣传力度、完善公交系统和健全政策法规等政策建议。     

Flexural fatigue behavior of butt-welded circular concrete-filled double skin steel tube (CFDST)：Experimental study and numerical modeling

Detailed understandings on the fatigue behavior of the concrete-filled double skin steel tubes (CFDSTs) under multiaxial stress states are essential to promote their applications in marine structures. A systematical investigation consisting both the experimental study and the according numerical modeling has been conducted. Physical tests were carried out to investigate the flexural fatigue behavior of the butt-welded hollow steel tubes (HSTs), concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs) and CFDSTs, in which the development of fatigue cracks and the fatigue life were captured. The feasibility of applying the existing S–N curves originally obtained from the HSTs to the constitutive steel tubes within the CFDSTs has been consequently verified. A two-stages simulation method was developed to analyze the full range development of fatigue cracks based on both the damage mechanics and the extended finite element method (XFEM). The influence of the multiaxial stress states on the fatigue behavior for the constitutive steel tubes was studied quantitatively, considering the offshore application scenarios where the steel tubes within the CFDSTs were subjected to larger external hydrostatic pressure or internal transmitted content pressure. The results show that the existence of the infilled concrete can effectively improve the fatigue behavior of the steel tubes. The life prediction models for both the fatigue crack initiation stage and propagation stage have been proposed, where the crack initiation life of the steel tube may reduce by 30% when its stress triaxiality increases from 0.36 to 0.48.     

新冠疫情对居民休闲出行影响研究

为了就新冠疫情对疫情结束后居民休闲出行的影响展开调查研究,把握疫情后居民休闲出行偏好的变化,分析休闲出行意愿的影响因素和影响机制,并量化分析各因素的影响,基于计划行为理论和收益-风险分析构建结构方程模型,量化感知风险、感知正效用、出行态度、主观规范、感知行为控制等影响因素与疫情后休闲出行意愿的相互影响机制,并利用单因素...