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931.
932.
933.
传统等效线性化方法由于原理简单、参数获取方便而广泛应用于工程场地非线性地震反应分析中.实际工程应用中发现,这种方法由于对各个频率分量采用了等效剪应变水平,使得地面最大峰值加速度和高频段计算结果明显偏低.若干实验表明,应变幅值对土的力学行为起着关键性作用,当应变低于弹性应变阈值时,土体处于线弹性状态,弹性应变阈值主要与土的塑性指数有关.本文在对各种频率相关等效线性化理论方法分析的基础上,结合弹性应变阈值理论,建立了考虑弹性应变阈值的频率相关等效线性化方法,运用本文方法对海口某实际场地进行了土层地震反应分析,对比了与传统等效线性化方法的差异;同时对不同覆盖层厚度遭遇不同地震动强度的地震动进行了计算分析.总结了不同覆盖层犀度下本文方法和传统等效线性化方法计算结果的差异及规律. 相似文献
934.
从研究国内外交通二氧化碳排放及收费和国内外拥挤定价现状入手,分析了城市交通二氧化碳排放的特征,在总结国内外碳税征收标准的基础上,建立了城市交通碳排放收费模型;将碳排放费用视为广义出行费用的一部分,进而建立了考虑碳排放成本的拥挤定价双层规划模型,选取实际案例验证其合理性与可行性,也为我国城市交通拥挤定价提出合理的建议. 相似文献
935.
混合梁结构多用于斜拉桥,在大跨径连续刚构桥上应用较少,且混合梁连续刚构桥研究不够深入.瓯江特大桥主桥采用大跨径混合梁连续刚构桥,由于主跨跨中存在一个大节段钢箱梁段,故在设计、施工方面与常规混凝土连续刚构桥有较大不同,同时在施工控制过程中也出现了很多新问题.在常规混凝土连续刚构桥控制方法的基础上,对钢混结合段累计位移的突变问题进行分析,得到准确预测钢混结合段安装标高的方法.对钢箱梁吊装状态进行分析,得到准确的钢箱梁加工线形.对合龙时的温度效应进行分析,把握了温度影响规律,为钢箱梁的精确合龙提供依据. 相似文献
936.
Data mining using regularized adaptive B‐splines regression with penalization for multi‐regime traffic stream models 下载免费PDF全文
This paper presents a new data mining method that integrates adaptive B‐spline regression and traffic flow theory to develop multi‐regime traffic stream models (TSMs). Parameter estimation is implemented adaptively and optimally through a constrained bi‐level programming method. The slave programming determines positions of knots and coefficients of the B‐spline by minimizing the error of B‐spline regression. The master programming model determines the number of knots through a regularized function, which balances model accuracy and model complexity. This bi‐level programming method produces the best fitting to speed–density observations under specific order of splines and possesses great flexibility to accommodate the exhibited nonlinearity in speed–density relationships. Jam density can be estimated naturally using spline TSM, which is sometimes hardly obtainable in many other TSM. Derivative continuity up to one order lower than the highest spline degree can be preserved, a desirable property in some application. A five‐regime B‐spline model is found to exist for generalized speed–density relationships to accommodate five traffic operating conditions: free flow, transition, synchronized flow, stop and go traffic, and jam condition. A typical two‐regime B‐spline form is also explicitly given, depending only on free‐flow speed, optimal speed, optimal density, and jam density. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
937.
Traffic signal timings in a road network can not only affect total user travel time and total amount of traffic emissions in the network but also create an inequity problem in terms of the change in travel costs of users traveling between different locations. This paper proposes a multi‐objective bi‐level programming model for design of sustainable and equitable traffic signal timings for a congested signal‐controlled road network. The upper level of the proposed model is a multi‐objective programming problem with an equity constraint that maximizes the reserve capacity of the network and minimizes the total amount of traffic emissions. The lower level is a deterministic network user equilibrium problem that considers the vehicle delays at signalized intersections of the network. To solve the proposed model, an approach for normalizing incommensurable objective functions is presented, and a heuristic solution algorithm that combines a penalty function approach and a simulated annealing method is developed. Two numerical examples are presented to show the effects of reserve capacity improvement and green time proportion on network flow distribution and transportation system performance and the importance of incorporating environmental and equity objectives in the traffic signal timing problems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
938.
This paper addresses the toll pricing framework for the first‐best pricing with logit‐based stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) constraints. The first‐best pricing is usually known as marginal‐cost toll, which can be obtained by solving a traffic assignment problem based on the marginal cost functions. The marginal‐cost toll, however, has rarely been implemented in practice, because it requires every specific link on the network to be charged. Thus, it is necessary to search for a substitute of the marginal cost pricing scheme, which can reduce the toll locations but still minimize the total travel time. The toll pricing framework is the set of all the substitute toll patterns of the marginal cost pricing. Assuming the users' route choice behavior following the logit‐based SUE principle, this paper has first derived a mathematical expression for the toll pricing framework. Then, by proposing an origin‐based variational inequality model for the logit‐based SUE problem, another toll pricing framework is built, which avoids path enumeration/storage. Finally, the numerical test shows that many alternative pricing patterns can inherently reduce the charging locations and total toll collected, while achieving the same equilibrium link flow pattern. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
939.
文章基于Braess悖论,以单位车辆的平均出行时间为最优目标,以网络道路系统为约束条件,从逆向思维角度建立了通过临时关闭道路引导交通流以缓解城市道路交通拥挤的Narsh均衡非线性规划模型,并以北京二环道路网络为研究对象进行了实例分析。结果表明,在城市道路网中,关闭部分路段并不能明显缓解交通拥堵现状,但可以在不影响路网整体通行时间的条件下改善路网局部拥堵状况。建议城市道路交通临时疏导方案应该根据路网交通流的分布特点和道路通过能力等因素进行制订。 相似文献
940.
随着造船自动化程度不断提高,工业机器人在船舶建造过程中的运用会越来越广泛。本文运用DELMIA/ Robotics对船体分段焊接过程中进行离线仿真。系统研究了复杂空间环境下机器人焊接过程中任务仿真、路径规划、碰撞干涉、离线编程等问题,验证了造船机器人焊接的可行性、安全性,提高造船自动化技术水平。 相似文献