Dynamics of railway wagons subjected to braking torques on defective tracks

It is well known that track defects cause profound effects to the dynamics of railway wagons; normally such problems are examined for cases of wagons running at a constant speed. Brake/traction torques affect the speed profile due to the wheel–rail contact characteristics but most of the wagon–track interaction models do not explicitly consider them in simulation. The authors have recently published a model for the dynamics of wagons subject to braking/traction torques on a perfect track by explicitly considering the pitch degree of freedom for wheelsets. The model is extended for cases of lateral and vertical track geometry defects and worn railhead and wheel profiles. This paper presents the results of the analyses carried out using the model extended to the dynamics of wagons containing less ideal wheel profiles running on tracks with geometry defects and worn rails.     

A novel fuzzy logic correctional algorithm for traction control systems on uneven low-friction road conditions

The traction control system (TCS) might prevent excessive skid of the driving wheels so as to enhance the driving performance and direction stability of the vehicle. But if driven on an uneven low-friction road, the vehicle body often vibrates severely due to the drastic fluctuations of driving wheels, and then the vehicle comfort might be reduced greatly. The vibrations could be hardly removed with traditional drive-slip control logic of the TCS. In this paper, a novel fuzzy logic controller has been brought forward, in which the vibration signals of the driving wheels are adopted as new controlled variables, and then the engine torque and the active brake pressure might be coordinately re-adjusted besides the basic logic of a traditional TCS. In the proposed controller, an adjustable engine torque and pressure compensation loop are adopted to constrain the drastic vehicle vibration. Thus, the wheel driving slips and the vibration degrees might be adjusted synchronously and effectively. The simulation results and the real vehicle tests validated that the proposed algorithm is effective and adaptable for a complicated uneven low-friction road.     

交通噪声环境影响及互动式规划环评的应对

交通噪声投诉已居各大城市居民投诉之首,但交通噪声污染治理仍处于"先污染后治理"的模式。合理的交通规划和城市土地使用规划是解决城市交通噪声污染问题的治本之道。然而目前城市规划的各个层次对交通噪声预防考虑不足。该文提出了与规划过程互动的规划环评程序和方法,以期得到噪声污染影响最小的城市规划用地布局方案和交通规划方案。     

地铁车站近接正交下穿既有地铁隧道的变形分析

北京地铁五号线崇文门车站正交下穿既有地铁二号线崇文门站东端喇叭口式过渡段区间,两者之间的净距仅为1.98m.该地铁车站施工采用全断面注浆条件下的柱洞法.文章以此工程背景为研究对象,采用3D-σ三维数值分析软件,建立地铁车站-已有地铁隧道的三维有限元模型,计算分析隧道动态施工时地层以及既有地铁隧道沉降变形发展规律,对比分...     

复杂地质条件下超浅埋暗挖立体交叉隧道施工

介绍广州市轨道交通5号线区庄站多层立体交叉隧道工程概况,系统总结重叠段隧道施工工况及关键控制技术;对交叉重叠段地面沉降、5、6号线隧道拱顶沉降数据进行分析,验证主要关键施工技术;最后提出近接群洞隧道施工安全距离、下层隧道初支完成后,即可进行上层隧道施工等关键结论.     

埋地长输管道的防腐与防护

长输管道的防腐是保证管道安全运行的重要手段之一.管道防腐蚀技术已经有了很大的发展,出现了许多新的防腐蚀材料和技术,但管道的腐蚀问题仍未从根本上得到解决.文中从埋地钢质管道的腐蚀因素出发,论述了管道的防护技术,为今后的研究及发展提供了参考方向.     

考虑最短距离作业的港口拖轮作业调度优化

为了合理调度拖轮作业,有效提高拖轮的利用率,减少船舶等待时间,针对拖轮作业特点,用多处理器任务调度理论分析了拖轮作业调度问题.在考虑拖轮最短距离作业的前提下,以最小化最大完工时间为优化目标建立了拖轮作业调度模型.采用演化策略算法对拖轮作业调度问题进行优化,提出了一种基于轮盘赌概率分配的编、解码方法,并设计了三点交叉互换的重组算子和个体基因交叉互换的变异算子.算例结果表明:用演化策略算法的优化结果优于仿真结果和粒子群算法的计算结果.采用实数编码时,通过优化算法得到的最大完工时间最小值为356 min,比仿真结果减少了117 min;而采用整数编码时,最大完工时间最小值为369 min,比仿真结果减少了104 min.验证了最短距离作业原则的有效性.     

制动力作用下简支梁结构动力响应分析方法

依据相关规范对制动力按最不利影响取值,根据Newmark-β数值积分方法编制程序,计算在列车制动力作用下多跨简支梁结构在不同影响参数（如制动速度、墩台刚度）下的纵向动力响应,以判断结构是否满足高速铁路运营的安全性要求。     

TBM过站监控量测方案

采用隧道掘进机(以下简称TBM)是目前城市轨道交通隧道开挖施工的主要方法之一,考虑到TBM自身荷载大,可能对隧道及地铁车站结构造成变形,影响结构稳定性。以重庆轨道交通6号线一期大龙山及冉家坝车站监测实践为例,研究TBM过站的隧道及车站结构变形特征和主要影响因素,提出TBM过站监测方面的见解,从而降低TBM过站安全风险,确保结构安全稳定,为类似工程的变形监测提供一定的参考和借鉴。     

长距离盾构法输水隧道设计要点及改进建议

结合上海青草沙水源地原水隧道工程的设计过程,探讨采用长距离盾构隧道建设大型原水输送隧道的适应性,解决长距离输水隧道工程设计过程中高内水压及防渗漏等问题,对设计实施过程中的一些技术要点提出改进的相关建议,为长距离输水隧道的设计提供一些更为合理和可行的措施。