石膏质岩隧道新置换衬砌结构受力特征研究

为分析石膏质岩隧道衬砌结构置换施工后的受力特征,依托杜公岭隧道病害处治工程实例,在隧道病害处治施工阶段和运营阶段对6个不同病害现象的典型断面新置换衬砌结构的初期支护变形、初期支护钢架应力、初期支护-围岩接触压力、初期支护-二次衬砌接触压力等进行为期2.5年的现场测试。测试结果表明:在新置换初期支护单独承载的3~5个月时间内,初期支护的变形速率和变形量均较小,其中5个测试断面的拱顶沉降和周边收敛量最大,其分别为6.8,6.4mm;新置换初期支护钢架应力较小并且在二衬浇筑后较短时间就达到稳定状态,其中64处测点(总计72处)应力小于100 MPa;边墙芯样发现石膏、硬石膏成分的断面在二次衬砌浇筑后的26个月内,其边墙或拱顶测点的初期支护-围岩接触压力和初期支护-二次衬砌接触压力仍有明显变化,其中个别测点经过10~20个月才能达到峰值,另有个别测点在3~8个月到达峰值后受干湿交替环境影响会出现变化;综合分析认为,杜公岭隧道衬砌结构主要受到围岩中硬石膏的膨胀作用,石膏的吸水软化作用不明显,其围岩压力具有缓慢发展的特点,新置换二次衬砌承担了主要的围岩压力,新置换初期支护安全性较高;建议石膏质岩地层隧道二次衬砌不宜过早施作或者初期支护与二次衬砌间设置缓冲变形层,以充分发挥初期支护的承载力、减小二次衬砌承担的围岩压力。     

天然岩沥青改性对沥青流变性能的影响

借助动态剪切流变仪(DSR)、低温弯曲流变仪(BBR)和Brookfild旋转黏度仪,对不同掺量的天然岩沥青改性沥青的性能进行了试验研究,分析了岩沥青改性剂对基质沥青流变性能的影响。结果表明:加入岩沥青后沥青胶结料的PG高温等级和黏度提高,抗车辙因子增大,相位角减小,大大提高了沥青的高温稳定性和降低了温度敏感性,且随着掺量的增加变化幅度增大;低温条件下蠕变劲度模量增大,低温性能有所下降,但当岩沥青掺量为2%~8%时,不会对沥青胶结料的低温性能产生大的不利影响。     

杨树庄隧道V级围岩施工技术

针对性地阐述了杨树庄隧道V级围岩支护措施的应用条件、施工技术特点以及注意事项,为同类隧道施工时提供了实践参考案例。     

浅水波作用下护底块石对斜坡式护岸稳定性影响

在水深较小,原泥面为斜坡岩基的场区建造护岸时,应重视护底块石的设计。波浪在护底块石的上方发生破碎,卷破波对护底块体产生沿海侧方向的拖拽作用,从而导致护底块石失稳并引起护面块体的滑动。结合某护岸加固工程的方案设计和物理模型试验成果,提出在护底设计中,应结合增加护底块石质量与增大原泥面糙率两种措施制定护底块石方案;有条件时可通过增加护底长度或埋深的方式设置护底。     

高桩码头水上施工平台的设计计算

通过不同施工阶段、不同荷载形式,对高桩码头水上施工平台的主梁、次梁及牛腿等进行了受力计算,其强度、刚度及安全性能均满足规范及使用要求,保证了平台的安全性与稳定性。钢平台的搭设,确保了钻孔嵌岩灌注桩及其上部结构的顺利施工。     

三台阶核心土环形开挖法在广以隧道中的应用

三台阶核心土环形开挖法是在台阶分部法基础上演变而来的,它集中了台阶法、台阶分部法、上下导坑法等优点。广以隧道地层较老,岩石破碎、节理发育、石质较软,围岩以Ⅳ、Ⅴ及Ⅵ级为主,施工难度极大。文中介绍了三台阶核心土环形开挖法,以及与之相匹配的超前支护、初期支护、防排水及二次衬砌施工等工法。     

烟台某工程循环水取、排水工程压水试验

为确定烟台某工程地基基岩的渗透特性,阐述水上岩体压水试验的主要操作过程、试验数据处理和试验结果分析评价方法．测定区域内的各岩层的透水率和渗透系数,给出不同风化程度岩层的渗透性评价,为设计提供防渗设计所需参数。     

广州地铁硬岩段土压平衡盾构掘进施工的对策

广州地铁3号线某盾构区间地质条件复杂,既有极为松软的淤泥质土、砂层,又有坚硬的微风化混合岩、辉绿岩等.分析盾构机在硬岩段掘进中刀具磨损的原因,并主要通过对盾构掘进参数设定、姿态控制、泡沫使用等方面的研究,提出在广州地区硬岩段土压平衡盾构掘进的施工措施.     

聚氨酯复合改性沥青的制备与性能研究

为改善聚氨酯(PU)改性沥青的性能,实现其在道路工程领域的应用,将PU、岩沥青(RA)和基质沥青(BA)按照自定的室内工艺流程制备得到PU复合改性沥青,并探讨了制备工艺参数的适宜性.采用针入度、软化点、延度和旋转黏度试验优化了PU和RA的掺配方案,基于胶体理论分析了PU复合改性沥青的温度敏感性;利用动态剪切流变(DSR...     

Analysis on the Characteristics and Development Trends of the Support Technology of High Ground Stress Tunnels in China北大核心CSCD

Combining the present situation and development trend of different tunnel support technologies at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the problems of rockburst in hard rock tunnels and large deformation in soft rock tunnels caused by high ground stress. It is concluded that: 1) regarding the rockburst problem, the current support technology is mainly influenced by the rock burst mechanism which is dominated by static factors, and so the used support components are generally of smaller deformation performance and "passive support" properties; 2) as the rockburst is the result of dynamic-static stress coupling, and only the anchor bolt has the "active support" attribute in the current "shotcrete+anchor bolt+wire net" support system, so the best support system should have the two functions of active support and energy release in terms of the rockburst problem, and the key focus of the research and development is anchorage members; 3) there are three main support types for large deformation in soft rock tunnels, e.g. the heavy support, layered support and yielding support. Among them, the heavy support system in underground cavern with large deformation is easy to induce excessive surrounding rock pressure, and so the applicable conditions are limited. The layered support system is still not the best choice due to its immature theoretical study, difficult determination of the thickness value and the installation time of each support layer and the interference to construction progress. With the characteristics of timely support and yielding while supporting, the yielding support system can give full play to the performance values of surrounding rocks and supporting materials, and make both of them reach the optimal state, so it is the best choice for supporting the soft rock tunnels with large deformations. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.