移相全桥ZVS控制的电动汽车DC/DC转换器设计研究

本文采用移相全桥控制策略,设计了一种应用于电动汽车的DC/DC变换器并能实现功率开关的零电压导通.本文对其进行了简要介绍移相全桥ZVS-DC变换器的拓扑结构.制造了一个原型进行了一系列的实验.最终的实验结果与仿真结果相一致,且满足要求设计要求,证明设计方案的可行性.     

公交站台区域电动自行车与行人通行冲突演化博弈模型

为探究公交站台区域进出站台行人与电动自行车发生冲突时,双方的通行策略选择机制,建立行人与电动自行车通行时间延误模型,分析2类出行者选择是否通行或穿越策略的时间收益,利用复制动态方程刻画2类出行者通行策略的博弈学习行为,建立该区域2类出行者之间的冲突演化博弈模型,结合稳定性分析可以得到该区域2类出行者发生冲突时的稳定通行选择策略。利用桂林市6个公交站台区域的实测数据对演化博弈模型进行实证分析,结果表明：选择“通行”策略的行人群体比例越大,其过街安全感越高;发生冲突时,电动自行车做出决策的时间较行人更短,且2类出行者分别做出“通行”或“穿越”的决策时间短于做出“等待”或“减速”的决策时间,电动自行车平均用时减少约23%,行人平均用时减少约24%。

     

城市轨道交通车辆基地室外综合管沟的应用研究

室外管线综合设计是城市轨道交通车辆基地设计的重点和难点,通常室外管线多以直埋的方式敷设于地下,但这种方式在设计、施工、运营维护阶段均存在着一些问题,因此提出了在室外设置综合管沟的方式,尽可能解决目前出现的问题.针对相关问题,提出了设置室外综合管沟的必要性和意义,从入沟管线种类分析、综合管沟管线布置原则、断面设计、特殊节...     

隧道坡度因素对柴油车烟雾排放量的影响

通过发动机台架模拟, 控制吸入气缸一定废气量而营造隧道污染环境, 进行柴油车在实际道路坡度运行时动态烟雾排放测试, 以及在实际隧道环境下, 柴油车坡度运行时动态烟雾排放测试, 获得在不同坡度环境下柴油车烟雾排放的道路实测数据。结果分析表明, 随着道路坡度的增加, 柴油车烟雾排放量急剧上升, 而在相同坡度下, 车速越高烟雾排放量越大, 且隧道内坡度每增加1 %, 柴油车烟雾排放量大约增加70 %~ 1 2 0 %。     

基于列生成启发式的单线电动公交车与司机整合调度优化

在考虑电动公交车里程约束与司机连续工作时间和总工作时间约束的基础上,研究单条公交线路的电动公交车与司机整合调度问题,即将给定时刻表车次分配给电动公交车和司机,同时,生成车辆运营计划和司机排班计划,设计基于列生成启发式方法求解提出的整合调度问题.列生成方法用于生成线性松弛最优解,将整个问题分解为一个主问题和两个定价子问题...     

从工程科学走向工程技术——新时期交通与运载工程学科发展与展望

国家自然科学基金委员会积极推进基金改革,设立技术科学板块,面向国家重大需求和经济主战场,解决需求背后的核心技术科学问题,推动科研范式改革。交通与运载工程学科作为科学基金技术板块的重要组成部分,应当积极响应,及时调整学科资助政策。小学科,大行业,交通与运载工程学科研究呈现需求牵引、面向未来、技术集成、交叉融通的特点,需要进一步重视各交通体系交通诸要素的差异性和独特性,反对脱离行业、脱离应用对象,盲目梳理所谓的共性工程科学问题。推动基于RAMS(可靠性(Reliability)、可用性(Availability)、可维护性(Maintainability)和安全性(Safety))理论的工程科学与工程技术评价体系建设,关注各交通体系自身的特点及科学基础差异,强化其在重大、重点、人才等重要项目立项建议遴选、评审及成果后评估各环节中的应用,加快科学成果转化,支撑“交通强国”建设。     

Strava Metro data for bicycle monitoring: a literature review

ABSTRACT

Monitoring bicycle trips is no longer limited to traditional sources, such as travel surveys and counts. Strava, a popular fitness tracker, continuously collects human movement trajectories, and its commercial data service, Strava Metro, has enriched bicycle research opportunities over the last five years. Accrued knowledge from colleagues who have already utilised Strava Metro data can be valuable for those seeking expanded monitoring options. To convey such knowledge, this paper synthesises a data overview, extensive literature review on how the data have been applied to deal with drivers’ bicycle-related issues, and implications for future work. The review results indicate that Strava Metro data have the potential—although finite—to be used to identify various travel patterns, estimate travel demand, analyse route choice, control for exposure in crash models, and assess air pollution exposure. However, several challenges, such as the under-representativeness of the general population, bias towards and away from certain groups, and lack of demographic and trip details at the individual level, prevent researchers from depending entirely on the new data source. Cross-use with other sources and validation of reliability with official data could enhance the potentiality.     

车辆牌照信息调查法在公路OD调查中的应用

分析停车问询调查法和车辆牌照信息调查法在公路OD调查中的优缺点,结合浙江省两次全省公路OD调查的实际经验,指出公路OD调查自动化和常态化的发展方向.     

典型交叉口非机动车二次过街设计方法

以宁波市典型灯控交叉口为例，介绍了非机动车二次过街的设计方法，并详细分析了非机动车二次过街方式的设置条件、左转待转区的设置及二次过街的交通组织方式。     

A proposed vision and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication-based vehicle positioning approach

It is essential to obtain accurate location of vehicles for new applications of Intelligent Transportation Systems. To remedy the defects of present Global Positioning System and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V-I) positioning technology, a new positioning approach based on vision and V-I communication is proposed. This approach aims at lane-level positioning with lower cost than conventional ones. In this approach, the position of the vehicle is represented by its lateral position (the lane number) and longitudinal position (the distance from entrance of the road) in a course coordinate system along the road; the specific lane the vehicle is occupying (the lane number) can be judged using the information of lane lines detected by vision systems; then the distance to the vehicle is obtained by a Road Side Unit (RSU) during the V-I communication; and the longitudinal position is calculated. The error of the approach on typical operating conditions is analyzed, indicating that the new approach can achieve the accuracy of less than 0.31 m for straight road and 0.58 m for typical arc road with ultra-wideband communication and ranging technologies and rational arrangement of RSUs. The feasibility of this approach is presented.