Optimizing sustainable feeder bus operation considering realistic networks and heterogeneous demand

A mathematical model is developed to optimize social and fiscal sustainable operation of a feeder bus system considering realistic network and heterogeneous demand. The objective total profit is a nonlinear, mixed integer function, which is maximized by optimizing the number of stops, headway, and fare. The stops are located which maximize the ridership. The demand elasticity for the bus service is dependent on passengers' access distance, wait time, in‐vehicle time, and fare. An optimization algorithm is developed to search for the optimal solution that maximizes the profit. The modeling approach is applied to planning a bus transit system within Woodbridge, New Jersey. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Bicycle parking: a systematic review of scientific literature on parking behaviour,parking preferences,and their influence on cycling and travel behaviour

ABSTRACT

Cycling is experiencing a revival in many cities. Research has focused on the determinants of cycling – in particular the role of the built environment and road infrastructure. Bicycle parking has received little attention – even though bicycles are parked most of the time. This article reviews the scientific literature on bicycle parking and identifies existing gaps in research and knowledge. The review analyses 94 peer-reviewed papers identified through a search in Scopus and Web of Science, in December 2017. The annual number of papers increased 15-fold between 1995 and 2017. Overall, the level of evidence on the importance of bicycle parking is limited. The majority of studies are based on cross-sectional data with the presence of parking as a binary independent variable. Most studies focus on bicycle parking at public transport stops and at work places. Few studies report on bicycle parking throughout cities, and hardly any on parking at residential locations. Bicycle parking supply and quality appears to be a determinant of cycling for current and potential cyclists. Our findings can serve as input for an evidence-based debate on the role of bicycle parking. For practitioners, our research supports investment in bicycle parking, but acknowledges that a proper evaluation of such initiatives needs to be conducted to increase the level of evidence.     

Uncertainty modeling for bus selection and allocation in a private transportation system

ABSTRACT

This paper describes the development of a probabilistic formulation that provides global optimum selection and allocation of a fleet of buses in a private transportation system of an organization where a third party is hired to provide transportation for its employees and their dependents. In this private transportation system, a fleet of buses is to be selected and allocated to serve employees and their independents on different prescheduled trips along different routes from the organization’s headquarters and residential compound where round-trip times of scheduled trips are subject to uncertainty due to random delays. We propose a probabilistic approach based on 0-1 integer programming for the selection and allocation to determine the optimal number and size of buses assigned to a set of prescheduled trips in a particular time interval. Examples and a case study are presented to illustrate the applicability and suitability of the proposed approach.     

Does Bus Rapid Transit Influence Urban Land Development and Property Values: A Review of the Literature

Abstract

Despite the proliferation of bus rapid transit (BRT) systems over the past few decades across developed and developing world cities, the impacts across these systems on the urban spatial development and property markets have not been comprehensively studied. The current paper attempts to fill this gap in the literature by reviewing the methodologies, underlying theories, and findings presented in the individual academic studies on BRT land-use and price impacts, mostly drawing on those that have focused on Latin American and Asian systems. The review shows that the land-use and value impacts have been less uniform across systems compared to such operational performance metrics as speed and travel time improvements. While predominantly relying on cross-sectional modeling techniques, the approaches used to evaluate land-use changes induced by the transit systems are not uniform either, with only some studies explicitly measuring changes in types of land use as opposed to simply land or rental price. The study also concludes that more rigorous evaluation is needed as to whether the BRT systems have improved accessibility for the populations that inhabited the corridors previously or whether, instead, the desired land value increases have in fact resulted in significant population displacement.     

浅析客车常用侧仓门铰链的结构与安装

对现阶段国内客车常用的几种侧仓门铰链结构进行简要地分析,并对其使用条件及安装进行了阐述。     

桂林交通现状·意识形态·公交优先

该文通过对桂林交通现状的描述,表明现在城市交通拥堵已日趋严重,要想很好地解决城市交通拥堵问题,目前已是关键时期。解决城市交通问题应建立科学的意识形态,只有在科学意识指引下才能做出科学的决策。公交优先已成为老生常谈,而如何将这一思想变成政策并付诸实践,这才是解决问题的关键。接着,根据历年的工作体会并结合大量城市交通现状调查的成果,提出若干条保证公交优先的基本措施,可供决策层在解决城市交通拥堵问题时作参考。     

城市轨道交通接运公交最优线路模型

城市轨道交通是缓解交通拥堵的有效手段.但是,在轨道线网规模化发展之前,对城市客流的吸引不够.为更好地解决城市交通问题,需要通过常规公交接运来辅助实现轨道线路的客流聚集效应.首先考虑了土地性质、出行需求和公交运营成本等因素,建立了公交运营效益最大的接驳范围单变量非线性单变量规划模型.经过参数标定与约束的简化后采用二分法求解.在模型的约束中使用站点聚集效应距离衰减函数建立了需求与接驳距离的关系式,并通过单约束重力模型获得的距离与需求样本对其进行了参数标定.然后,以接驳范围为约束指导新增线路布设和原有线路调整.前者以站点覆盖率、非直线系数、运营费用等为指标,整体客运系统运输效率最大为目标,使用启发式解法布设了新增公交接驳线路;后者根据定性定量相结合的原则,依流程调整了原有线路走向.本研究需要采集的数据并不复杂,可用于指导轨道站点公交接驳相关工程实践.     

CA6127URE31纯电动客车总体设计

简要介绍CA6127URE31纯电动客车的整车技术参数、纯电动系统的技术方案、内饰技术方案以及整车动力电池组布置技术方案。     

一种新型纯电动城市客车锂电池组的PACK及管理

简述目前纯电动客车运行的问题,通过电池PACK的串并分析,提出先串后并的PACK方式,并对电池PACK管理系统提出建议。     

国内客车安全技术研究进展

为提高客车安全性,了解目前客车相关安全标准法规的状况及不足,分析了当前先进的国内汽车主动安全新技术,尤其是部分国内客车企业在安全预警系统、基于ABS的拓展技术及协同式智能安全技术等先进主动安全新技术在客车上的研发和应用;针对国内客车被动安全性存在的问题,分析了部分客车企业在全承载技术、正面碰撞及侧翻试验方面的最新进展状况,并简要概述了国内外安全法规对客车被动安全的性能要求和试验方法。对国内客车安全技术研究进展分析有助于制订更加先进、合理的客车技术标准法规,使其进一步促进国内客车安全技术水平的提高。