导管式推进器非定常性能数值计算方法研究

基于滑移网格方法，采用SST k-ω湍流模型研究不同网格划分方式对带前置定子导管式推进器非定常性能的研究。首先基于相对参考坐标系法及滑移网格方法分别对推进器在定常与非定常下的性能进行数值预报，并与试验结果相比验证计算方法的可靠性。基于该方法研究整体网格划分方式与周期性网格对推力系数、扭矩系数与推进器各个方向上的非定常脉动力的影响。研究结果为进一步研究推进器非定常性能提供了参考。     

铺缆船用电缆埋设犁土壤挖掘阻力计算

传统的计算埋设犁土壤挖掘阻力的方法一般采用经验公式计算。经验公式依赖丰富的试验数据，且只能适应特定形状和尺寸的埋设犁。由于埋设犁的形状和尺寸各不相同，基于经验公式计算土壤挖掘阻力的方法准确性不高。根据土力学基本原理，在力学分析的基础上，运用数学方法进行公式推导，得到用于计算不同形状尺寸埋设犁挖掘阻力的理论方法，解决依赖经验公式计算土壤挖掘阻力的局限性。     

船舶电缆自动化敷设系统设计与实现

在船舶电缆敷设过程中,很难借助有效的工装提高劳动效率,低空间的高强度作业存在严重的安全风险。以船舶电缆自动化敷设系统为分析对象,介绍系统组成和系统接口,采用比例积分微分(Proportion Integration Differentiation,PID)算法计算系统行程,通过PROFINET总线完成数据传输,以人机界面(Human Machine Interface,HMI)实现系统性能要求。在风电安装平台上的实际运用表明,该系统可解决造船行业劳动力成本高和安全风险大的问题。     

桥梁单板受力的原因及预防措施探讨

从宏观角度分析桥梁预制板单板受力的一般规律,以及形成单板受力的原因,并从设计角度提出克服单板受力的措施,尤其是提出设置横向预应力是解决单板受力的有效措施,可供设计人员参考.     

浅埋顶管沉井周边土体的三维破坏形状及沉降研究

为研究顶管沉井及周边土体在顶进力作用下的形变范围与大小，以加固旋喷桩作为沉井周围加固体建立ABAQUS软件计算模型，并将模拟结果与工程实例、PLAXIS 3D软件所得结果进行对比分析。同时，采用广州地区花岗岩残积土进行室内沉井模型试验，并通过试验结果对数值模拟结论进行验证，得出结论如下： 1）在开挖基坑前达到设计强度的旋喷桩能有效减小基坑周边土体塌陷变形、坑底隆起。2）在施加工作顶推力下，前侧主动区首先出现贯通裂缝，竖向位移斜率增大出现明显拐点；继续增大顶推力，土体位移会急剧增大导致地表沉降严重。3）对于后背土体，在顶推力作用下，地表破裂线的切线角度从0°逐渐增大至45°+φ/2，导致破裂范围也不断扩大；达到45°+φ/2处后，继续施加顶推力会导致短轴方向破坏范围扩大的速度较长轴方向的速度更快；三维空间中被动区破坏土体在地表处产生形状为椭圆的破坏面，椭圆长轴方向为顶推轴线方向，被动破坏体呈现为牛角状椭圆楔体。     

Design of tyre force excitation for tyre–road friction estimation

Knowledge of the current tyre–road friction coefficient is essential for future autonomous vehicles. The environmental conditions, and the tyre–road friction in particular, determine both the braking distance and the maximum cornering velocity and thus set the boundaries for the vehicle. Tyre–road friction is difficult to estimate during normal driving due to low levels of tyre force excitation. This problem can be solved by using active tyre force excitation. A torque is added to one or several wheels in the purpose of estimating the tyre–road friction coefficient. Active tyre force excitation provides the opportunity to design the tyre force excitation freely. This study investigates how the tyre force should be applied to minimise the error of the tyre–road friction estimate. The performance of different excitation strategies was found to be dependent on both tyre model choice and noise level. Furthermore, the advantage with using tyre models with more parameters decreased when noise was added to the force and slip ratio.     

The Kalker book of tables for non-Hertzian contact of wheel and rail

A new regularisation of non-elliptical contact patches has been introduced, which enables building the look-up table called by us the Kalker book of tables for non-Hertzian contact (KBTNH), which is a fast creep force generator that can be used by multibody dynamics system simulation programs. The non-elliptical contact patch is regularised by a simple double-elliptical contact region (SDEC). The SDEC region is especially suitable for regularisation of contact patches obtained with approximate non-Hertzian methods for solving the normal contact problem of wheel and rail. The new regularisation is suitable for wheels and rails with any profiles, including worn profiles.

The paper describes the new procedure of regularisation of the non-elliptical contact patch, the structure of the Kalker book of tables, and parameterisation of the independent variables of the tables and creep forces.

A moderate volume Kalker book of tables for SDEC region suitable for simulation of modern running gears has been computed in co-simulation of Matlab and program CONTACT.

To access the creep forces of the Kalker book of tables, the linear interpolation has been applied.

The creep forces obtained from KBTNH have been compared to those obtained by program CONTACT and FASTSIM algorithm. FASTSIM has been applied on both the contact ellipse and the SDEC contact patch. The comparison shows that KBTNH is in good agreement with CONTACT for a wide range of creepage condition and shapes of the contact patch, whereas the use of FASTSIM on the elliptical patch and SDEC may lead to significant deviations from the reference CONTACT solutions.

The computational cost of calling creep forces from KBTNH has been estimated by comparing CPU time of FASTSIM and KBTNH. The KBTNH is 7.8–51 times faster than FASTSIM working on 36–256 discretisation elements, respectively.

In the example of application, the KBTNH has been applied for curving simulations and results compared with those obtained with the creep force generator employing the elliptical regularisation. The results significantly differ, especially in predicted creepages, because the elliptical regularisation neglects generation of the longitudinal creep force by spin creepage.     

自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥静风响应分析

自锚式斜拉-悬索协作体系桥作为一种全新的结构体系,兼备了自锚式悬索桥和斜拉桥的许多优点,结构体系则更为复杂。结合400m主跨的金州海湾大桥这一实际工程方案,建立了有限元空间分析模型,分析了其在静风荷载作用下的非线性行为,总结了初始攻角、附加攻角等参数及是否考虑缆索系统承受风荷载等对体系的影响规律。     

哈绕城高速公路东北段松花江大桥主桥设计方案研究

该松花江大桥为绕城高速公路东北段跨越松花江的一座特大桥,本文介绍了该桥三个桥型方案,并从结构受力、施工难易程度、耐久性、工程经济等方面进行比选提出推荐方案。     

基于虚拟应力场法的船舶避让与控制

为了实现船舶在航道内的避障,应用虚拟力场法建立了避障模型,描述了目标点的虚拟引力和障碍物的虚拟斥力之间的关系及其功能设计,实现了从船舶运动坐标值到控制量的转变,结果证明．船舶能够在多变的周边环境中实现避障功能。