断层破碎带隧道衬砌静力稳定性分析

结合一实际工程,选取包括断层破碎带和断层影响带在内的沿隧道纵向300m的计算区域,用八节点六面块体单元将计算区域离散化,采用三维弹塑性静力有限元法模拟分析隧道各个施工阶段,以及建成后围岩和衬砌的受力与变形状态。通过分析比较可知:(1)断层破碎带处的坑道变形和围岩塑性区均明显比非断层破碎带处要大;(2)由于断层破碎带的影响,初期支护、二次衬砌内力的增加幅度约为10%～30%。     

基于排队论的湛江港湾内锚地总体布局分析

针对湛江港湾内船舶密度大、种类多、大小各异以及锚位供不应求的情况,为科学规划锚地,通过实地调研湛江港锚泊需求和锚地运行状况,在锚位等级划分的基础上,利用排队论方法建立湛江港湾内最佳锚位数的计算模型,并基于测算出的锚位需求提出近期和远期锚地规划方案。相比于不做锚位等级划分而单一计算锚位数的做法,得出的湛江港湾内锚泊需求更符合实际,锚地位置布局更合理、功能划分更完善、锚泊安全更有保障,可以减少锚地过度建设造成的资金浪费,具有显著的社会经济效益。     

Theory of safety surrogates using vehicle trajectories in macroscopic and microscopic settings: Application to dynamic message signs controlled traffic at work zones

This paper presents a new mathematical framework for obtaining quantitative safety measure using macroscopic as well as microscopic traffic data. The safety surrogate obtained from the macroscopic data is in terms of analysis performed on vehicle trajectories obtained from the macroscopic data. This method of obtaining safety measure can be used for many different types of applications. The safety surrogate for the traffic dynamics are developed in terms of a new concept of Negative Speed Differentials (NSD) that involve a convolution of vehicle speed function obtained from vehicle trajectories and then performing the integration of the square of the output for its negative values. The framework is applicable to microscopic traffic dynamics as well where we can use car following models for microscopic dynamics or the LWR model for macroscopic dynamics. This paper then presents the use of this new safety surrogate on the development of a feedback control law for controlling traffic in work zones using Dynamic Message Signs. A hybrid dynamics model is used to represent the switching dynamics due to changing DMS messages. A feedback control design for choosing those messages is presented as well as a simple simulation example to show its application.     

Variable speed limit control for severe non-recurrent freeway bottlenecks

Variable speed limit (VSL) schemes are developed based on the Kinematic Wave theory to increase discharge rates at severe freeway bottlenecks induced by non-recurrent road events such as incidents or work zones while smoothing speed transition. The main control principle is to restrict upstream demand (in free-flow) progressively to achieve three important objectives: (i) to provide gradual speed transition at the tail of an event-induced queue, (ii) to clear the queue around the bottleneck, and (iii) to discharge traffic at the stable maximum flow that can be sustained at the bottleneck without breakdown. These control objectives are accomplished without imposing overly restrictive speed limits. We further provide remedies for (a) underutilized bottleneck capacity due to underestimated stable maximum flow and (b) a re-emergent queue at the bottleneck due to an overestimated stable maximum flow. We analytically formulate the reductions in total delay in terms of control parameters to provide an insight into the system performance and sensitivity. The results from the parameter analysis suggest that significant delay savings can be realized with the proposed VSL control strategies.     

基于分区定位的电路故障诊断新方法

本文提出了基于分区定位的电路故障诊断新方法,该方法根据电路的具体特点,通过计算机模拟仿真,提取电路在各种故障状态下的电路特征,由这些特征处理得到分步实施的测试点和测试区域,以实现故障定位。此方法故障测试点少且选择灵活,适用于有较多元件的大中规模的模拟电路。     

用于三点式四象限变流器的新PWM方法

叙述了一种在三点式四象限变流器上实施的新ＰＷＭ方法，该方法是在文献（１）中提出的ＰＷＭ方法基础上改进，加入了开关器件的死区时间补偿，并采用了最少开关模式，经Ｓａｂｅｒ仿真器仿真，证明新ＰＷＭ方法不仅对中性点直流电压控制连续而且能较好减少低次谐波，该方法采用实时计算，计算方法简单，易于微机实现。     

高速铁路拱承斜拉桥桥塔形式和锚固构造研究

以跨深汕西高速公路新建广州至汕尾铁路大桥为研究对象,应用Midas Civil软件建立全桥分析模型,分析采用上塔柱分散锚固、塔顶集中锚固的抛物线和圆曲线桥塔的受力,进行桥塔形式和锚同构造研究.结果 表明:不同塔型轴力基本相当,弯矩差异较大,集中锚同时最大弯矩为塔顶正弯矩,分散锚同时最大弯矩为塔顶负弯矩,且抛物线和圆曲线...     

中国TBM施工技术进展、挑战及对策

总结我国近30年来TBM设计与施工技术的发展历程,可归纳为以下5个阶段:1)研发探索和试用阶段;2)以国外施工承包商为主体,采用国外设计制造TBM施工我国隧道工程阶段;3)独立进行TBM招标采购和选型设计,并建立起自主的TBM施工队伍阶段;4)与国外厂家联合设计制造TBM,工程应用和自主施工快速发展阶段;5)实现TBM国产化,面向国内外TBM工程市场自主施工阶段。通过我国不同时期TBM施工的典型工程,介绍我国在复杂地质、大坡度、高海拔、不同直径、不同机型、超长隧洞TBM施工方面取得的经验、技术积累和业绩,展示我国TBM在穿越断层破碎带、软弱变形、岩爆、涌水等不良地质洞段取得的一系列施工新技术,以及最高月进尺1 868 m、平均月进尺超过600 m和掘进作业利用率超过40%的掘进技术水平。分析TBM在极硬岩、大断层破碎带、软弱大变形围岩、强岩爆围岩、涌水突泥洞段、高地热隧洞和超长隧洞工程中施工面临的风险和挑战,并提出一些相应的技术措施和对策,期望这些措施和对策在未来大量实际工程中进一步得到实践验证、优化和改进,不断积累和创新TBM设计与施工新技术。     

PROLIFERATION AND MIGRATION OF EPENDYMAL CELLS IN THE BRAIN OF ADULT RATS AFTER PERMANENT FOCAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA

Objective Ependymal cells are thought to be the primary source of neural stem cells in the adult central nervous system. The purpose of this study is to examine spatial and temporal profiles of ependymal cell proliferation and migration after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Eighty male Sprague Dawley rats underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion after injection of 10/μL of 0.2% Dil into the lateral ventricle. Rats were sacrificed and brain sections were acquired for pathological evaluation and laser confocal imaging at day 1,3,7,11,14,21 and 28 after ischemia. Results The density of Dil-labeled cells in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was significantly higher than that in the control group and these labeled cells dispersed in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone and/or were located in ependyma from day 1 to 11. In the ischemic ipsilateral cortex, some Diilabeled cells occurred in peri-infarction and infarction of parietal region at day14 and peaked at day 21 when some Dil-labeled cell nodules were found in this region. During postischemic day 14--28, a significant decrease in labeled celldensity in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was coincident with a significant increase in labeled cells density in the cortex (peri-infarction and infarction). Conclusion The results indicate that ependymal cells proliferate and migrate after focal cerebral ischemia in the adult rat brain.     

高寒地区客车前风窗玻璃除霜分析及改进

针对客车在高寒地区前风窗玻璃除霜问题,分析原因,提出改进结构方案,并通过各项测试予以验证。