The econometric estimation of airports’ cost function

The econometric estimation of cost functions has been proposed in the literature as a suitable approach in order to obtain estimations of marginal costs, efficiency levels and scale elasticities for transport industries. However, regarding the airport industry, no significant attention has been paid in developing an airport-specific estimation methodology rather than adapting the procedures applied to other industries. The lack of comparable airport data is one of the causes which could explain the scarcity of this literature in the past, as well as the use of very limited approaches to explain airport technology. This paper tries to overcome these limitations by developing an airport-specific methodology to estimate a multi-output long-run cost function using an unbalanced pooled database on 161 airports worldwide. The specification of hedonically-adjusted aircraft operations, domestic and international passengers, cargo and commercial revenues in the output vector, as well as the calculation of input prices are discussed. Both technical and allocative inefficiencies are specified in the model using a Stochastic Frontier method that has been estimated through Bayesian Inference and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods.     

整体式悬挑结构与岩土共同作用研究

介绍了一种山区道路拓宽技术——整体式悬挑结构,运用有限元软件数值模拟了岩土对荷载的响应,提出了其简化计算方法；用visual c++编写了一种适用于该结构的计算程序,对该结构与岩土的共同作用进行了研究；得出了不同土体对结构受力的影响,实际工程选用老填土和碎石土是经济的.     

造价工程师在项目管理中的投资控制

投资控制工作的方法是否合理,直接影响到工期和质量,投资控制工作的好坏,直接影响整个项目的的管理效果,在保障工程质量和工程进度的前提下,保证工程投资不超投资计划。     

重载交通下桥梁的寿命周期成本

从寿命周期成本的角度分析了重载交通下桥梁的建设成本与养护、维修成本间的关系，并提出了提高桥梁经济性、安全性和耐久性的几点建议。研究认为，在决策与设计过程中推广寿命周期成本的理念，将建设成本与使用成本综合起来加以统筹考虑，进行最优组合，加大建设时的资金投入，减少维修、养护费用，是提高重载交通下桥梁的安全性、经济性、耐久性的可行方法。     

工程目标成本测定研究

阐述工程目标成本的重要性,讨论工程目标成本的测定程序和方法,重点从现场直接工程费、措施费、现场管理费等三方面指出具体测算办法.     

交通建设投资项目费用控制探析

当前，我国交通事业发展迅速，但也面临着项目费用高、规划不完善导致资金缺口严重等诸多问题。鉴于此，从交通建设投资所涉及到的相关费用的控制管理入手，分析投资费用控制的主要内容，进而提出控制投资费用、提高投资效率的建议措施。     

Low cost carrier competition and route entry in an emerging but regulated aviation market – The case of China

Although China lags behind other liberalized aviation markets in low cost carrier (LCC) development, its largest LCC, Spring Airlines, has achieved rapid growth in traffic volume and revenue, as well as consistent profitability, since its inauguration in 2005. Our empirical study on the Chinese domestic market suggests that Spring adopts a “cream skimming” strategy to enter high-priced routes, allowing the carrier to achieve both a very high load factor and considerable profitability. Spring’s capacity and market share on individual routes are constrained to low levels, likely due to government regulation and/or a “puppy dog” strategy adopted by the carrier. As a result, Spring is able to achieve fast growth without triggering price wars. To incumbent full service carriers, high speed rail (HSR) services impose much more significant competitive pressure than low cost carriers. Similar to LCCs in developed markets, Spring prefers to serve markets with high traffic volumes out of its operational base in Shanghai. Overall, Spring’s entry decision is not significantly affected by competition, either from full service airlines or HSR services. Our investigation suggests that LCCs have potential to introduce more competition but are yet to be a “game changer” in China. Further deregulation of the domestic market is needed.     

用现代项目管理理论控制工程总承包项目费用

0引言现代项目管理作为一门专业学科,已逐步发展成为独立的科学体系,并越来越广泛地应用于工程项目建设领域。所谓项目管理,就是以项目为对象的系统管理方法,通过一个临时性的专门的柔性组织,对项目进行计划、组织、指导和控制,以实现项目全过程的动态管理和项目目标的综合协调     

基于成本与效益分析的劳务企业运行机制

通过对劳务企业与非劳务企业2种运行模式下的成本对比与效益分析,发现劳务企业的建立会触及现有模式下的利益分配,而将被抵触。但劳务企业的建立是“以人为本”,引导农民工有序流动,有利于工程质量的提高和强化安全生产,势在必行。因此,规范建筑劳务市场,促进劳务企业健康发展,必须有有效的企业运行机制和政策支持。这里就有效地建立劳务企业运行机制提出了相应的建议和措施。     

工程设计变更对造价管理的影响

0引言随着我国经济建设的深入发展,国家对基本建设的投资力度也不断加大。为了使基建投资与投资管理二者相辅相成,建设单位采取了一些措施,并取得了一些成绩,但投资失控的现象仍时有发生,其原因仍然是主客观因素作崇。铁路工程有其自身的特点,即点多线长、投资大、隐蔽工程多、