基于ATmega16芯片的车用倒车测距系统设计

利用超声测距工作原理,以ATmega16单片机为主控芯片,采用超声波测距模块,数码管显示模块和蜂鸣器报警模块搭建的近距离报警系统,详细地叙述了各模块之间的控制电路和软件设计方案,实现系统实时显示汽车尾部与障碍物之间距离,并根据不同的距离发出不同频率蜂鸣的功能,达到提醒人员提高注意力的目的。测试结果表明测量精度达到1cm,测试距离在2cm到100cm之间,达到设计功能,可满足家庭经济型轿车的使用要求,也可用于盲人避障,车间定位。     

某车型潮湿环境下制动抱死问题整改研究

为解决某车型售后用户抱怨在汽车刚开始行驶时(冷启动,尤其每天早晨)的后轮制动抱死问题,分析可能造成潮湿环境下后轮制动抱死的原因。通过分析试验得出:鼓式制动器的摩擦片材料锈粘着问题是导致潮湿环境下制动抱死的主要原因。     

纯电骡子车开发及试制新方法应用

通过对比燃油汽车与纯电动汽车整车架构,分析燃油车改制纯电动骡子车的可行性。利用现有车型完成纯电动骡子车改制,不仅可以节省开发成本,还可以加快新产品升级换代。同时基于两种车型的差异性,制定相应的车型改制方案。阐述常见的改制内容与创新方法应用,为后续同平台新车型开发提供参考。     

进气系统的优化设计

FSAE赛车发动机进气系统结构参数影响充气效率。文章利用软件FLUENT对进气系统模型进行流场仿真,分析进气系统流场压力、速度等参数分布规律,研究进气歧管流量分布的均匀性,到达优化进气系统的目的。     

基于奖罚措施的小汽车通勤者出行行为研究

奖赏和惩罚措施是解决交通拥堵问题的重要措施,本文基于在北京市的调查,进行 2 种措施下出行选择行为的探索研究,得出奖励措施会使更多的小汽车通勤者转向非高峰出 行,而收费措施对于使其放弃小汽车出行效果更好.基于前景理论的分析显示：奖励措施下,大 部分出行者的方式选择为“收益”;而收费措施下,大部分出行者面临“损失”,不同群体在出行 选择时呈现不同的风险偏好态度.在引导小汽车高峰出行向错峰出行转移时,奖励措施比较适 用于中等收入群体,收费措施比较适用于中高收入群体;在引导小汽车高峰出行向其他方式转 移时,2种措施对低收入群体效果更好.以上结论可为交通需求管理政策的制定提供一些参考.     

用人工神经网络预测沥青路面材料的回弹模量

将人工神经网络应用于沥青路面材料的回弹模量的预测 ,提出了一种有效的预测方法 ,并构造了预测回弹模量的神经网络模型 .预测结果表明 ,该模型具有较高的预测精度 ,为预测路面材料的回弹模量等力学指标提供了一种新的方法     

集料表面纹理粗糙度的测量

为了有效评价集料表面纹理粗糙程度对沥青混合料路用性能的影响,采用激光轮廓仪直接测量了9种不同集料的表面纹理轮廓曲线,通过轮廓滤波方法将其划分为宏观纹理和微观纹理,并应用几何统计方法,以算术平均偏差、算术平均波长和轮廓偏斜度为评价指标,对其表面纹理粗糙度进行了定量评定.分析结果表明:算术平均偏差最适宜用来描述集料表面纹理的粗糙程度,算术平均偏差越大,集料表面纹理的粗糙度越大;波长2 mm为集料表面宏观纹理和微观纹理的界限值;根据算术平均偏差,集料表面纹理粗糙度可以划分为4级.     

水性环氧防水粘结材料在大思专项工程中的应用研究

结合杭瑞高速大兴至思南段专项工程,在研究水性环氧沥青防水粘结材料特点及作用机理的基础上,基于贵州多雨气候进行水性环氧沥青材料优化,评价防水粘结材料的性能,并进行水性环氧沥青专项工程施工和现场检测.结果表明：水性环氧防水粘结材料是一种路用性能优异、力学性能突出、施工组织方便、节能环保的防水粘结材料,与水泥混凝土桥面沥青铺装具有很好的适应性.     

The “field of safe travel” revisited: interpreting driving behaviour performance through a holistic approach

The present paper proposes a conceptual framework for the driver’s visual–spatial perceptual processes. Based on a theoretical analysis of driving proposed by Gibson and Crooks [(1938). A theoretical field-analysis of automobile-driving. The American Journal of Psychology, 51, 453–471. doi:10.2307/1416145], the developed field of safe travel (FoST) framework suggests that at any moment the driver constructs a “field” by integrating two perceptual entities: (i) the possible available spatial fields for locomotion and (ii) the driver’s mental image of ego-vehicle outer-line and motion dynamics. This framework is used to reinterpret in a unified way a number of disparate research findings reported in the literature concerning specific driving sub-tasks (e.g. lane keeping and car following). It is argued that the FoST framework may be used to predict drivers’ behaviour in various traffic/situation environments based on their prioritisation between the above two perceptual entities. Implications of the proposed framework at a theoretical and practical level, in view of the future of driving with multiple levels of automation, are also discussed.     

Factors influencing travel mode choice among families with young children (aged 0–4): a review of the literature

Life events, such as the birth of a child, disrupt habitual travel behaviour and provide a valuable opportunity to influence the adoption of sustainable transport practices. However, in order for sustainable travel practices to be adopted, an understanding is required of the factors that influence travel mode choice among families with young children. Research in this field is particularly timely given many in the millennial generation, a comparably large cohort, are approaching this life stage. This comprehensive literature review develops a framework of factors influencing travel mode choice among families with young children. The findings reveal a multitude of factors influence decisions about mode choice, and, in particular, encourage travel by car, when travelling with young children. The paper concludes with an agenda for future research about travel among families with young children, a largely overlooked group of transport users.