侧面碰撞乘员损伤影响因素分析

开发了侧面碰撞乘员胸部、腹部和髋部损伤影响因素分析模型,并经过多工况试验验证.在该模型的基础上研究了侧面碰撞侵入速度、侵入形态以及车门内饰系统刚度特性对乘员损伤的影响.得出结论是:控制侧面结构侵入速度在8m/s以下,在胸部撞击之前推开乘员的髋部(髋部提前)以及适当的车门内饰系统刚度特性,可以显著减轻对乘员的伤害.     

基于NCAP规则的正面碰撞乘员小腿伤害分析

基于NCAP评分,重点分析了37组100%正面碰撞、40%偏置碰撞两种形态下驾驶员、乘员的小腿伤害分布特征,并总结了特征参数对小腿伤害的影响规律。     

汽车与行人碰撞事故再现及行人致伤特点分析

通过对事故中汽车损坏痕迹及行人伤亡情况的鉴定及模型的建立,构建事故碰撞环境,使用成熟事故再现软件PC-Crash对汽车与行人碰撞事故发生过程进行重建,对行人碰撞后的运动响应及各损伤部位的动力学响应参数进行分析,将仿真结果中行人的运动响应、损伤部位的伤亡程度及动力学响应结果与法医学尸检报告中的客观事实进行对比,得出基于PC—Crash的仿真结果与实际情形基本符合的结论。因此,利用计算机仿真技术快速重建有行人参与的事故碰撞过程,分析行人的致伤方式并提供损伤部位的动力学响应参数等,对于交通伤法医学鉴定及深化交通伤机理研究具有参考价值。     

黄芪预处理对家兔心肌缺血再灌注后心肌线粒体结构及功能的影响

目的 观察黄芪预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注时心肌线粒体功能及结构的影响.方法 将家兔32只随机分为假手术组(A组)、心肌缺血再灌注组(B组)、黄芪预处理组(C组)和5-羟葵酸加黄芪预处理组(D组),每组8只动物.观察线粒体Ca2 浓度、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及线粒体超微结构的改变.结果 黄芪预处理组SOD活性明显高于心肌缺血再灌注组(P<0.05),而Ca2 浓度、MDA含量则低于心肌缺血再灌注组(P<0.05,P<0.01).5-羟葵酸加黄芪预处理组与心肌缺血再灌注组各指标比较,差异无统计学意义.黄芪预处理组同心肌缺血再灌注组和5-羟葵酸加黄芪预处理组相比较,线粒体超微结构损伤明显减轻.结论 黄芪可降低线粒体氧自由基水平、减轻线粒体钙超载,从而改善缺血再灌注心肌的线粒体结构及功能,发挥心肌保护作用,且其很可能通过线粒体ATP敏感性钾通道发挥作用.     

在正面碰撞试验中前后排假人头部伤害对比分析

通过两种不同的正面碰撞试验,各自对比分析前后排假人头部伤害的特点,并研究造成前后排差异的原因,对于促进和提高车辆的被动安全性能具有十分重要的意义。     

河北省石黄高速公路沥青路面水损坏试验分析

通过对河北省石黄高速公路沥青路面水损坏的试验分析,得出试验结论.     

EFFECT OF LOW SELENIUM ON CHONDROCYTE DIFFERENTIATION AND DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF COLLAGEN TYPES Ⅰ , Ⅱ AND X IN ARTICULAR CARTILAGE FROM MINI-PIGS

Objective According to the distribution of low selenium areas, low nutrition state of the residents and the affecting cartilage growth and articular cartilage of Kashin-Beck Disease(KBD),the chondrocyte differentia- tion and differential expression of collagen types Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅹ in articular cartilage from Chinese mini-pigs treated with low selenium were investigated in order to gain insight into the effects of these conditions on chondrocyte differ- entiation in KBD cartilage. Mothods Eleven male juvenile mini-pigs, aged from 4 weeks to 6 weeks after birth, were divided into 3 groups. The Se content in the diet of the “low Se” group was 0. 035mg/kg diet, and 0. 175 mg/kg diet in the control. For Se-supplemented group 0. 390mg /kg diet was added. The content of Se in blood was assayed at the beginning and at the end of each experiment. Samples of articular cartilage were taken from the right femur condylus, and collagen types Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅹ in articular cartilage were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Results ①All cartilage samples from juvenile mini-pigs fed with low selenium diet revealed a re- duction in type Ⅹ collagen mRNA expression in the hypertrophic chondrocytes as shown by in situ hybridization, and reduced type Ⅹ collagen deposition in the lower hypertrophic zone as shown by immunohistochemistry. ②Addition of selenium to the diet restored the type Ⅹ collagen to normal level. ③Type Ⅱ collagen was evenly distributed over the entire articular cartilage in all experimental and control groups. Type Ⅱ collagen mRNA signals were most prominent in the upper articular layer as well as in the hypertrophic zone in all groups. Type Ⅱ collagen expression was restrict- ed to the zone of endochondral ossification in all experimental groups and the control. Conclusion Low selenium has an down-regulatory role on the synthesis and deposition of collagen type Ⅹ in hypertrophic chondrocytes in articular cartilage of mini-pigs. Supplement of the low Se diet with additional Se restored the signals of collagen type Ⅹ to nor- mal levels. These findings indicate that selenium deficiency may disturb chondrocyte differentiation to hypertrophic cells in the growth plate,and worthy to be investigated further.     

西藏地区桥梁混凝土损伤度预测

对西藏地区桥梁耐久性进行评估,基于现有理论模型和实际检测数据,分析冻融循环影响下西藏地区混凝土桥梁的损伤程度,并在此基础上对混凝土损伤度进行预测。对西藏地区冻融循环影响下的桥梁耐久性的分析有指导作用。     

汽车发动机罩儿童行人保护安全性仿真研究

重点进行儿童头型撞击发动机罩的试验研究,建立数学模型,通过仿真来分析在不同发动机罩结构、不同撞击位置等条件下头部HIC值及头部位移量的变化情况.     

βTCP/CPP/PLLA软骨组织工程支架制备及性能

以提纯的PLLA为基体材料,以自制CPP纤维（直径10－20μm）及β-磷酸三钙（-βTCP,粒径：30－60μm）为增强材料,以二氯甲烷（分析纯）为溶剂,以碳酸氢氨NH4HCO3（颗粒尺寸：200－500μm）为致孔剂,采用溶媒浇铸/粒子滤取技术与气体发泡相结合的方法制备了-βTCP/CPP/PLLA软骨组织工程支架复合材料.测试了β-TCP/CPP/PLLA软骨组织工程支架复合材料的物理、力学性能,并借助扫描电镜对其微结构进行了观察.结果表明,支架复合材料的初始物理、力学性能和微结构满足软骨组织工程对其支架材料的要求.