双幅桥静分力系数气动干扰效应研究

采用计算流体动力学(CFD)的方法,利用F1unet软件对某双幅桥面桥梁三分力系数的气动干扰效应进行数值模拟.结果表明:由于前桥对后桥的遮挡作用,后桥的静力三分力系数受到较大影响,阻力系数与单桥相比减小了74％,升力系数减小了88％;随着前后桥间距的增大,双幅桥梁之间的气动干扰效应逐渐减小,但双幅桥面达到8b(b为梁高...     

基于Monte Carlo法的多车道公路桥梁车流模拟

在分析实测车辆数据的基础上,确定了模型车辆、车重、车头时距等交通特征的分布类型及参数.采用Monte Carlo法进行随机抽样,自编MATLAB程序,对自由车流进行模拟,得到车重、轴重在桥梁上的纵横向分布及其随时间变化情况;讨论了车辆占用车道不均匀系数的3种不同情况,发现轴重在桥上均呈多峰分布,峰值相近,但出现频率差异...     

边坡地震稳定性完全动力分析法

拟静力法和动力有限元安全系数时程分析法在评价地震动作用下边坡的稳定性时具有一定的局限性,拟静力法在分析边坡地震稳定性时无法反映边坡的动力特性,动力有限元安全系数时程分析法将动力问题转化成静力问题,只是在一定程度上考虑了边坡的动力响应.与拟静力法和动力有限元时程分析法相比,完全动力分析法在应用强度折减法的基础上考虑了边坡...     

船体阻力计算中模型常(系)数的敏感性研究

在湍流模型方程的模型化过程中,引入了有一定取值范围的模型常(系)数。这些模型常(系)数的推荐值是否适用于船舶阻力的数值计算还有待确认。文中选取常见的标准k-ε和k-ω二方程湍流模型作为研究对象,变动湍流模型中的常(系)数并用于Wigley船型和数学三体船型的阻力计算。从文中的数值计算可以看出:分别修正标准k-ε模型中的5个系数均不影响船体压阻力分量;除模型系数σk外,其他4个模型系数的修正对船体摩擦阻力有不同程度的影响。修正k-ω模型中的3个模型系数对压阻力分量无影响;对摩擦阻力分量有不同程度的影响。研究表明采纳这两种湍流模型用于船体阻力性能研究时船体摩擦阻力分量的计算值受模型常(系)数变动的影响不能忽略,而船体压阻力的计算结果对模型常(系)数不敏感,各模型常(系)数的推荐值对船体压阻力的计算具有鲁棒特性。文中研究有助于明确湍流模型常(系)数在船舶阻力性能研究中的适用性,而且有助于理解数值计算中湍流模型导致的误差和不确定因素。     

在南海环境条件下深水典型TLP的运动响应分析

以南海LW3-1气田为目标,完成了TLP的概念设计.为了验证TLP的运动性能,应用海洋工程专用软件SESAM,对TLP系统进行了时域耦合分析.分析所采用的环境参数为南海百年一遇和一年一遇环境参数.为了获得较为准确的结果,包括TLP、张力腿和立管在内的所有组成部分都进行了模拟.先用WADAM软件,进行频域分析,获得所需要的水动力参数,包括:运动响应幅算子、附加质量、势能阻尼、静回复力以及一阶和二阶激励力等.再用DeepC程序进行时域耦合分析,建立TLP系统模型以及环境模型计算,结果表明该TLP在南海环境条件下具有良好的运动性能,满足设计要求.     

Investigating the nature and impact of reporting bias in road crash data

This paper investigates the nature, and impact of the reporting bias associated with the police-reported crash data on inferences made using this data. In doing so, we merge a detailed emergency room data and police-reported crash data for a specific region in Denmark. To disentangle potentially common observable and unobservable factors that affect drivers’ injury severity risk and their crash reporting behavior, we formulate a bivariate ordered-response probit model of injury severity risk and crash reporting propensity. To empirically identify the reporting bias in this joint model, we exploit an exogenous police reform that particularly affects some specific municipalities of the region under consideration. The empirical analysis reveals substantial reporting bias in the commonly used police-reported road crash data. This non-random sample selection associated with the police-reported crash data leads to biased estimates on the effect of some of the explanatory variables in injury severity analysis. For instance, estimates based on the police-reported crash data substantially underestimate the effectiveness of seat belt use in reducing drivers’ injury severity risk.     

Investigation of the condition and the behavior of a modular floating structure by harnessing monitoring data

In this paper, the condition and the behavior of an installed and operating Modular Floating Structure (MFS) is investigated and assessed by harnessing field monitoring data and using collectively multiple Correlation Coefficients (CCs) between measured quantities. The examined MFS consists of five pairs of interconnected floating concrete modules and it functions as a floating breakwater. The field monitoring data are acquired through a sensor network deployed on one pair of modules (connected through two groups of connectors) of the MFS. A methodological data processing framework for data organization, manipulation and post-processing is developed and presented. This framework enables the quantification of the structure's condition at different time periods through the calculation of CCs: (a) between the incident wave height and the tensions of the mooring lines and (b) between the tensions of the mooring lines, considering various wave directions. Recorded data at three characteristic time periods during the structure's lifetime are used, namely: (i) before any failure (structure's initial condition), (ii) after the failure of the first connectors' group and (iii) after the failure of the second connectors' group. The data processing framework developed in the present paper is applied to the above recorded data in order to calculate CCs and, therefore, quantify the structure's condition, at the three aforementioned time periods. The quantification of the structure's initial condition resulted to conclusions that were consistent from a physical point of view with the most recently documented, available in-situ mapping of the mooring lines' configuration in the horizontal plane. By considering the structure's initial condition as a reference base for comparison, the effect of the connectors' failure on the CCs, used to quantify this condition, was also investigated and efficiently assessed. Specifically, the significant changes observed in the variation patterns of all examined CCs, when compared with their respective patterns corresponding to the structure's initial condition, demonstrated and confirmed the existence of significant reformation of the examined structural system resulting from the connectors' failure. In this way, the effectiveness of the joint utilization of CCs to assess the structure's condition was proved.     

冰盖海洋中多孔海底结构上微小起伏边缘产生的波浪散射分析(英文)

Scattering of surface waves by the edge of a small undulation on a porous bed in an ocean of finite depth, where the free surface has an ice-cover being modelled as an elastic plate of very small thickness, is investigated within the framework of linearized water wave theory. The effect of surface tension at the surface below the ice-cover is neglected. There exists only one wave number propagating at just below the ice-cover. A perturbation analysis is employed to solve the boundary value problem governed by Laplace's equation by a method based on Green's integral theorem with the introduction of appropriate Green's function and thereby evaluating the reflection and transmission coefficients approximately up to first order. A patch of sinusoidal ripples is considered as an example and the related coefficients are determined.     

铜极板间空气电弧净辐射系数试验研究

为了提高混合型限流熔断器的高速开断特性,建立合适的电弧模型是研究高速开断特性的关键。论文采用链式电弧模型,利用净辐射系数法求解辐射热功率,因此必须计算电弧净辐射系数;利用铜极板间电弧实验数据对电弧的热平衡关系进行简略的分析,进行了净辐射系数的试验研究,并归纳出净辐射系数随电流、极板间距的变化规律。     

船体主要载荷效应的随机组合

基于静水载荷的时间变异性，导出了一种静水载荷效应与波浪载荷效应组合的新方法，同基于FBC（Ferry Borges Castenbete）模型或随机过程的上跨率的组合形式相比较，此方法的概念更清晰，计算更容易实施，考虑到规范中给定的最大允许静水载荷效应对应的普遍接受的超越概率水平，以及静水载荷过程跨越某一固定水平的概率的上界特性，规定静水载荷过程超越二十年最大允许载荷效应的概率为确珲载荷效应特征值的概率水平，经过这样处理，避免了载荷效应特征值的过高估计，通过数值分析检验方法的有效性，结果表明本文的方法可以得到级合载荷效应特征极值的一致估计。