Perimeter and boundary flow control in multi-reservoir heterogeneous networks

In this paper, we macroscopically describe the traffic dynamics in heterogeneous transportation urban networks by utilizing the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD), a widely observed relation between network-wide space-mean flow and density of vehicles. A generic mathematical model for multi-reservoir networks with well-defined MFDs for each reservoir is presented first. Then, two modeling variations lead to two alternative optimal control methodologies for the design of perimeter and boundary flow control strategies that aim at distributing the accumulation in each reservoir as homogeneously as possible, and maintaining the rate of vehicles that are allowed to enter each reservoir around a desired point, while the system’s throughput is maximized. Based on the two control methodologies, perimeter and boundary control actions may be computed in real-time through a linear multivariable feedback regulator or a linear multivariable integral feedback regulator. Perimeter control occurs at the periphery of the network while boundary control occurs at the inter-transfers between neighborhood reservoirs. To this end, the heterogeneous network of San Francisco is partitioned into three homogeneous reservoirs and the proposed feedback regulators are compared with a pre-timed signal plan and a single-reservoir perimeter control strategy. Finally, the impact of the perimeter and boundary control actions is demonstrated via simulation by the use of the corresponding MFDs and other performance measures. A key advantage of the proposed approach is that it does not require high computational effort and future demand data if the current state of each reservoir can be observed with loop detector data.     

Modeling traffic noise in a mountainous city using artificial neural networks and gradient correction

Different regions have established traffic noise prediction models to adapt to their particular environmental characteristics. This paper aimed to develop a traffic noise prediction model for mountainous cities. In China, the traffic noise prediction model HJ 2.4-2009, which itself is based on the sound pressure level corrected for roadway gradients (RGs), has been receiving widespread acceptance. On the basis of the model in HJ 2.4-2009, the RG correction coefficient was proposed to modify the original model and a per-vehicle noise prediction model was built using a multilayer feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) model. The data collected from a municipal road of a hilly city, Chongqing, was used to train and validate the ANN model. The predictor variables comprised the per-vehicle noise value, vehicle type, vehicle velocity, and roadway gradient. The results showed that the modified HJ 2.4-2009 model incorporating the gradient correction coefficient achieved a significantly higher R² for mountainous cities than the original model. Besides, the ANN-based noise prediction model achieved considerable accuracy improvement over the empirical predictive equations.     

富水砂砾地层盾构液氮冻结常压开仓施工技术

为了解决富水砂砾地层中盾构区间前盾范围的土体加固,使得盾构机具备常压开仓换刀的条件,考虑到液氮气化时剧烈吸热的原理,提出了采用液氮冻结技术快速冻结土体的解决思路。通过地面施工垂直钻孔,并下放液氮冻结管,液氮气化吸热,直至冻结面及周围土体,对盾构机前盾1.5 m范围的土体加固。实践证明,在富水砂砾地层中其它封水措施效果达不到安全要求的情况下,液氮快速冻结技术取得了理想效果。     

贯通式同相牵引直接供电系统牵引网边界频率特性研究

分析贯通式同相牵引直接供电系统牵引网及其边界的频率特性。利用牵引网的频域模型,全面分析牵引网频率特性;由牵引变电所与线路的联接方式,提出“牵引网边界”的概念,指出“牵引网边界”由牵引变电所出口处的电容和外侧一段线路组成。分析牵引网和边界对故障暂态分量的衰减特性发现:暂态高频信号在经过牵引网及其边界时都会衰减;牵引网越长,高频暂态量的衰减作用越明显;由于牵引变电所之间的距离较短,牵引网边界对高频量的衰减总大于牵引网的衰减作用。     

基于因子分析的武汉城市圈经济发展状况研究

基于因子分析法,运用SPSS软件对武汉城市圈经济发展状况进行综合评价,客观反映了武汉城市圈9个城市的综合经济实力,并对进一步改善武汉城市圈经济发展提出了若干建议。     

武当武术节对十堰市旅游业的影响

阐述了节事旅游的界定,分析了武当武术节对十堰市旅游业产生的正反两方面的影响,对十堰市未来发展节事旅游提出了一些合理化建议。     

基于综合客运管理的城市地铁发展策略研究

为适应综合交通运输发展趋势,提高城市公共交通管理能力和服务水平,通过分析地铁交通特点,总结地铁对城市综合客运管理提出的要求,借鉴国内外发达城市地铁交通运营管理模式,基于西安市地铁交通发展现状和规划,构建未来西安市及陕西省地铁交通运营管理模式和体制架构,最终提出加强西安市地铁融入城市综合客运管理的相关对策。     

城市公交系统与自行车交通系统的协调发展策略

在城市公交优先发展的政策下,自行车作为一种绿色环保的交通方式却在逐步淡出人们视线,城市公交虽然有诸多优点,但在发展模式上与城市自行车交通系统的发展存在一些对立不相协调的问题,不利于城市交通的可持续发展.本文通过分析两种交通方式的特征和发展现状,针对二者在发展过程中的相互影响,提出合理的发展策略,协调两种交通方式之间存在的问题,将二者有机结合,实现绿色交通环保出行.     

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由于不同管制目标下的城市客运出租汽车数量管制绩效存在差异,为掌握省会城市客运出租汽车数量管制强度,将人口拥有率、建成区面积拥有率、公交客运量比率、GDP拥有率、道路面积拥有率和对外客运量比率作为分类指标,运用模糊-均值聚类法对中国省会城市客运出租汽车的数量管制强度进行分类,进行Matlab 7.0编程,经聚类有效性分析和F-统计量检验后获得最佳分类方案.结果表明,将31个样本城市的客运出租汽车数量管制强度分为低、较低、中、较高、高5个等级最佳,分类结果为建立出租汽车数量调控模型奠定了基础.     

浅谈新奥法隧道施工过程中的质量控制

结合隧道施工的工程实践,对新奥法隧道施工过程中的质量控制要点进行阐述。