考虑起始水力坡降时粘性土渗透系数的确定

基于粘性土的达西定律和水流连续性原则,建立了考虑起始水力坡降时粘性土的渗透系数公式和起始水头计算公式,并通过渗透系数的极差、反算水头和实测水头的最大偏差和均方差来评价所提出的公式和规程公式的误差。实例分析结果表明:考虑起始水力坡降后,采用所提出的公式得到的渗透系数大于采用规程公式得到的渗透系数值;所得到的渗透系数本身的极差、反算水头与实测水头的最大偏差以及均方差均小于规程中不考虑起始水力坡降时得到的相应值;考虑起始水力坡降后的粘性土的渗透系数更能反映粘性土的实际渗透情况。     

PC连续刚构桥施工控制系统参数识别

系统参数误差是引起PC连续刚构桥悬臂施工控制误差的主要因素之一,因此消除系统参数误差是施工控制的关键所在.酉水河大桥施工监控系统参数识别过程表明,参数识别有利于施工参数的重点监测与调控.     

长大隧道贯通误差估算方法

结合大伙房水库输水工程长大隧道,介绍施工测量控制系统的设计思路及其误差所引起的横向、纵向、竖向贯通误差的估算方法,精度预计结果说明本设计方案能满足横向、纵向、竖向贯通误差控制的要求。     

基于层次分析法的区间估计的车站能力查定误差因子分析研究

本文归纳总结了车站能力查定计算过程中存在的多种影响因素,深入分析了其产生原因和不可避免性。然后利用层次分析法的区间估计方法计算得出各种误差因子对计算结果的影响权重大小,并对比不同误差因子的权重区间,筛选出强误差因子,剔除弱误差因子,为精确计算车站能力值提供依据。     

发动机系统可靠性分析与评估

针对发动机试验昂贵以及试验条件无法真实再现发动机使用环境的情况,提出利用“三包”信息作为评估发动机使用可靠性的数据源。以发动机完整数据服从的NHPP模型为基础,结合“三包”信息普遍存在的删失现象,提出新模型;该模型既适用于完整数据,也适用于删失数据。实例证明,利用该模型计算的参数与实际统计结果的误差小于2%,最后评估得到发动机的可靠性水平。     

不等保护喷泉码用于应答器报文编码的可行性研究

提出将具有不等差错保护特性数字喷泉码作为欧标高速铁路应答器报文编码方案.由于其不依赖重传、译码过程与编码符号到达译码端次序无关等特性非常适于应答器报文传输场景.针对欧标应答器报文长度特征,本文在不同码长条件下对基于权重的不等差错保护算法、拓展窗口喷泉码及复制窗口不等保护算法的性能进行对比分析,通过Matlab仿真得到3种算法在不同码长条件下的性能.验证采用基于喷泉码的不等差错保护方法作为铁路应答器长报文编码方案的可行性.     

自行加榴炮射击误差的仿真研究

射击精度可以用射击误差表示,依据某自行加榴炮射表,结合弹道理论分析方法,使用蒙特卡洛法对其射击精度进行误差特性仿真,找出影响射击精度的主要误差来源,此方法可以推广应用到其他武器系统。     

水下目标深度测量误差源分析

首先研究了在深海环境下,采用基于三阵元垂直线列阵的水声探测系统进行水下目标深度测量的基本原理.然后从随机误差和阵元配置偏差的角度,对水下目标深度测量的误差源进行了理论分析,并推导了相关公式.此外,对于相干多途水声信道干扰给水下目标深度测量精度的影响,也作了初步的理论分析.通过仿真实验,总结出各误差源对水下目标深度测量精度影响的规律,研究结果为进一步开展水下目标深度测量研究、提高测量精度奠定了基础.     

Non-local simulation of the stable boundary layer with a third order moments closure model

A new higher order closure model for the stable boundary layer is presented and compared with Large Eddy Simulation data. The model includes numerical solutions for the mean values, second and third order moments equations. A satisfactory agreement is found between the calculated vertical profiles of the turbulent quantities with those provided by the LES. Furthermore the new model results are compared with profiles obtained with a lower order closure model in order to verify the effective importance of including third order dynamical equations in the model.     

On the numerical accuracy of the prediction of resistance coefficients in ship stern flow calculations

This article presents a study on the accuracy of the numerical determination of the friction and pressure resistance coefficients of ship hulls. The investigation was carried out for the KVLCC2 tanker at model- and full-scale Reynolds numbers. Gravity waves were neglected, i.e., we adopted the so-called double-model flow. Single-block grids with H–O topology were adopted for all the calculations. Three eddy viscosity models were employed: the one-equation eddy viscosity and the two-equation models proposed by Menter and the TNT version of the two-equation k-ω model. Verification exercises were performed in sets of nearly geometrically similar grids with different densities in the streamwise, normal, and girthwise directions. The friction and pressure resistance coefficients were calculated for different levels of the iterative error and for computational domains of different size. The results show that on the level of grid refinement used, it is possible to calculate the viscous resistance coefficients in H–O grids that do not match the ship contour with a numerical uncertainty of less than 1%. The differences between the predictions of different turbulence models were larger than the numerical uncertainty; however, these differences tended to decrease with increases in the Reynolds number. The pressure resistance was remarkably sensitive to domain size and far-field boundary conditions. Either a large domain or the application of a viscous–inviscid interaction procedure is needed for reliable results. This work was presented in part at the International Conference on Computational Methods in Marine Engineering—MARINE 2007, Barcelona, June 3–4, 2007.