外夹热式小口径气体质量流量测量装置的设计

设计的外夹热式小口径气体质量流量测量装置,是一种可以在管道外部安装的流量测量装置,主要由卡具、测量装置电路等组成。介绍了基本工作原理、安装方法,分析了测量电路,研究了温度补偿方法。对输出电压和流量的关系进行基于最小二乘法的多项式拟合,应用结果表明外夹热式小口径气体质量流量测量装置测量方法简单、实用,能够进行空气流量的精确测量,尤其适用小口径管路的气体质量流量测量。     

京沪高速铁路济南黄河大桥主桥设计

京沪高速铁路济南黄河大桥的主桥桥式方案选择时充分考虑了水文及高速行车对结构的要求,采用刚性梁柔性拱方案。重点介绍了新型带K撑的主桁结构及正交异性整体式桥面在该桥的应用。     

敞开式TBM空推步进技术在引松供水工程的应用

引松供水工程4标段隧洞主要采用敞开式TBM进行施工，为节省工期，部分洞段变更为钻爆法施工接应，TBM步进通过。为使TBM在圆形钻爆段快速步进，通过分析TBM在圆形断面空推步进的影响因素，研究钻爆段弧形底板的施工方法、质量控制措施，以及TBM在步进过程出现撑靴撑不到洞壁、撑碎洞壁，底板破碎和底部高低不平等问题的解决措施，使TBM安全、快速步进通过；通过与滑板式步进技术进行对比分析，总结2种步进方式的适应性以及优缺点。     

城市立交连续梁桥方案设计要点

此文就城市立交及高架设计方案进行了探讨，着重阐述在桥梁景观受限的情况下，如何设计墩柱形式和连续箱梁截面形式，以便为以后的桥梁方案设计提供借鉴。     

城市互通立交匝道选型方法研究

立交的形式在很大程度上由左转匝道的形式所决定，在立交规划设计中，往往面临着对单一流向左转匝道的选型问题，而相关规范对此没有明确规定。文中以城市互通立交左转匝道为对象，运用Vissim建立仿真平台，探求半定向及环形左转匝道的适用性，从绕行距离、行程车速等方面给出评价，并以立交各流向流量之和最大为目标函数，以路段、分合流、交织区通行能力等作为约束条件，运用数学规划理论建立了一般立交通行能力计算模型。     

淄博市华福大道改造工程设计研究与探讨

华福大道为淄博市中心城区南部一条城市主干路。随着南部城区的建设,该区域新建了大量的居住区及沿街商铺。目前公路性质的道路断面形式已经不能满足城区发展的需求,急需进行城市化改造,完善道路沿线的市政设施及交通设施,以便更好地服务于道路两侧的开发建设。同时,该道路的改造建设,可以与世纪路、西五路一起组成中心城区南部区域的重要城市出入口,缓解现状柳泉路的交通压力。现对华福大道改造设计从横断面形式选择、道路选线、交叉口渠化、路基支挡与防护及道路结构层设计方面进行深入探讨和总结。     

浅析非标准车辆类型分布的水泥混凝土路面结构计算方法

根据工程实例,针对国内钢铁厂场区内车辆类型以非标准车辆类型为主,而在传统的路面结构计算软件中只有校准车辆类型选择的现状,提出应先将非标准车辆类型转换成标准类型后再进行路面结构计算的建议,可供同类型工程设计人员参考。     

Spatial distribution patterns of demersal and epibenthic communities on the Galician continental shelf (NW Spain)

Spatial distribution patterns of epibenthic communities on the Galician continental shelf were studied using multivariate methods. Data came from 5 surveys carried out in 2002, 2003 and 2004. Beam trawls and otter trawls were used to study epibenthic communities along 8 transects perpendicular to the coastline. The role of depth, season, latitude and sediment characteristics was examined. Seven habitats were described according to bathymetry and sediment characteristics. There were weak linear relationships between environmental variables and species richness, biomass and species diversity. However, the canonical analysis showed that depth and sediment characteristics greatly influence smaller epibenthic communities sampled by beam trawl. Six assemblages were obtained for beam trawls: inner shelf mud, very fine sands, and fine sands, middle shelf sands, and outer shelf very fine sands, and fine sands. Five assemblages were identified for larger-sized and swimming epibenthos sampled with otter trawls. These assemblages were also determined according to depth and sediment type but sediment characteristics were less important. Otter trawl assemblages were the same as the beam trawl ones, except for on the outer shelf where no differences between sediment type were detected. For both gears, inner and outer shelf assemblages displayed a higher biotic variability than the middle shelf, as a consequence of a higher environmental heterogeneity. Typifying species were mainly eurytopic in the middle shelf, whereas eurytopic and stenotopic species characterised the inner and outer shelves.     

Study on the maneuverability of a large vessel installed with a mariner type Super VecTwin rudder

The suitability of the Mariner type Super VecTwin rudder (hereinafter, the MSV rudder) for a large vessel is assessed in this article. Several experiments in a maneuvering pond were carried out and their results analyzed and summarized. Free-running tests such as turning, zigzag, and stopping tests were carried out with a 4-m free-running model of a very large crude carrier (VLCC) ship with the MSV rudder and the Mariner rudder. The results were compared to validate the maneuverability of a VLCC-sized a ship installed with the MSV rudder. A mathematical model of an MSV rudder is proposed for maneuvering simulation of a large vessel. To develop a maneuvering simulation for the model ship that was used in the free-running tests, hydrodynamic coefficients were estimated based on Kijima's regression formula. The coefficients of interaction between the hull and rudder (t_R, a_H, x_H) were obtained from a self-propulsion test in a towing tank. The complicated flow around the rudders is simplified to model the flow speed around the rudders. This simplified flow speed is utilized to compare the time histories of the free-running tests with the simulations. The mathematical model of the MSV rudder was further improved using the results of this comparison.     

码头挡沙结构的一种优化型式

为了改善重力式码头防漏沙结构,提出了一种挡沙效果好、成本低廉、施工简便的码头挡沙板设计方案。以海军某工程为例,介绍了防漏沙结构的设计。建立了相应的计算模型,采用Ansys有限元软件计算,并根据最大应力和最大位移来确定钢筋的直径和合理的钢筋间距。通过分析和比较,验证了钢筋网用于重力式码头防漏砂结构的可行性和优越性。