山区公路驾驶视觉信息量计算方法研究

为解决山区公路中驾驶视觉信息量难以量化的问题，对驾驶视野图像进行分割，根 据HSV颜色模型，提取视野图像的色调、饱和度、亮度值，再结合车速值，在驾驶视觉心理负荷的基础上，提出山区公路路域环境下的驾驶视觉信息量计算方法.通过实车实验，进行数据采集，并验证计算方法.计算结果表明，在半郁闭型空间行驶时，接收的视觉信息量最大；在郁闭型空间中，接收的信息量最小.计算结果与被试实际感受具有一致性，说明本文提出的驾驶视觉信息量计算方法具有可行性，可为路域环境的合理布设提供一定的技术参考.     

Surface chlorophyll in the Black Sea over 1978–1986 derived from satellite and in situ data

Absolute values of chlorophyll a concentration and its spatial and seasonal variations in the Black Sea were assessed by using satellite CZCS and in situ data. Since the satellite CZCS had operated for the 1978–1986 period, CZCS data was used for assessing the past state of the Black Sea just before the onset of drastic changes observed in late 1980s. The approach used for the calculation of the absolute values of chlorophyll a concentration from CZCS data was based on the direct comparison of in situ chlorophyll a data and those of CZCS and by applying the algorithm developed for the transformation of CZCS data into chlorophyll a values. CZCS Level 2 data related with pigment concentration having a spatial resolution of 1 km at nadir were used. The daily Level 3 files were derived by binning Level 2 values into 4-km grid cells and the monthly and seasonal Level 3 files were created by averaging the daily Level 3 files over the corresponding period. In situ chlorophyll a data were obtained by spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods in 15 scientific cruises over the 1978–1986 period. Total number of ship-measured data used for the comparison with those CZCS values was 590.Chlorophyll a concentration (Chl) was derived from CZCS values (C) with regression equations Chl=kC; the coefficient of transformation k was calculated from six different data sets by taking into account distinctions between subregions and seasons. The reasons for difference in the k values have been analyzed.Statistical comparison of the chlorophyll a values measured in situ and those derived from CZCS data was based on log-transformed data and gave the following results: regression SLOPE=0.842, regression INTERCEPT=−0.081, coefficient of determination (R²)=0.806, root–mean–square ERROR=0.195. The mean monthly chlorophyll a distributions derived from CZCS data over 1978–1986 have been constructed and the mean seasonal chlorophyll a values in different regions have been calculated and analyzed. The significant difference in chlorophyll concentration between the western shelf regions and the open part of the Black Sea has been demonstrated, especially in warm season. At almost all seasons, the highest chlorophyll concentration is observed in the western interior shelf region which is under strong influence of Danube. The summer mean chlorophyll concentration in this region is 18 times higher than that in the open parts and about nine times higher than in the eastern shelf region. The greatest seasonal variations are observed in the open part of the Black Sea: chlorophyll concentration in cold season is four to six times higher than in summer and three to five times higher than in April and October. To the contrary, in the western interior shelf regions, the concentration is higher in May–October (about twice than that in November–March). Seasonal variations in the western outer shelf regions are smoothed out as compared with both the western interior shelf and the open regions.     

机车通用彩色液晶显示诊断装置

介绍了机车通用彩色液晶显示诊断装置的系统配置及各部分功能，着重介绍了该装置在机车上应用的工作原理和主要功能。     

阴道彩色多普勒对异常早孕妇女血流动力学的研究

应用经阴道彩色多普勒法对105例正常早孕，65例异常早孕妇女的子宫血流进行观察，并测定各组子宫动脉、螺旋动脉PS、RI、PI值。结果说明：经阴道彩色多普勒是评估早孕血流动力学改变的首选方法；对异常早孕的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要的临床价值。     

基于排气烟色的柴油机性能研究

根据柴油机缸内燃油燃烧的理论,着重分析了柴油机不同运转工况下,排气烟色产生的原因及常见典型特征,为轮机管理者排除故障提供有价值的参考依据。     

计算机配色中活性染料单位浓度K／S值研究

在计算机自动配色中,所用染料的单位浓度K／S值准确与否,直接影响配色精度。提出的单位浓度K／S值算法思想是,通过引进调整系数,根据不同浓度梯度对光谱数据进行合理的调整,使库贝尔卡-芒克函数与浓度具有更好的线性关系。在实例分析中,用3组活性染料按不同浓度梯度对纯棉织物进行染色,应用最优化方法确定光谱数据的调整系数,进而求解所用染料的单位浓度K／S值,最后由三刺激值匹配算法得出预测配方,并使用CIE1976（L^＊,a^＊,b^＊）均匀颜色空间色差公式来衡量配色效果。实验证明,配色的预测结果能够较好地满足计算机配色的要求。     

色彩情感与客车内饰设计

简述色彩情感产生的原因以及色彩情感在客车内饰设计中的应用。     

色彩在公共交通导向系统设计中的重要作用

色彩在城市公共交通导向系统设计中具有重要的作用。因此,进行公共交通导向系统设计时,必须充分考虑色彩成分,力求设计出一套完整的公共交通导向系统,使出行者通过导向系统的引导方便、顺畅地出行,促进城市发展。     

客车涂装色彩方案与内饰设计的几点看法

客车涂装色彩方案及内饰已经成为衡量客车档次的重要指标。客户对客车涂装色彩方案及内饰设计的协调与统一提出了更多个性化的需求;符合客户心理需求的设计在客车行业竞争日趋激烈的今天显得越来越重要。本文通过调查分析,简述因客户而异设计客车涂装色彩及内饰方案的几点看法。     

浅议客车内饰设计

从其内饰结构、材料选择、色彩搭配、工艺技术方面阐述了客车内饰设计要点,并提出提高整车内饰效果的具体措施。