Analysis of damping performance of isolated rubber floating slabEI北大核心

Research purposes: The basic component of the track structure with isolated rubber floating slab is the concrete slab track born by the elastic element. The research was done on the mechanical properties of the floating slab, the analysis was made for the natural frequencies, mechanical response under dynamic load and damping performance, and the discussion was made on the reasonable thickness of the ballastless track to provide the reference to the track design. Research conclusions: The research results show that the natural frequency of the track system decreases with the increase of the thickness of the ballastless track, and the rate of change decreases with increase of the track thickness. The acceleration insertion loss of the track basis increases with the increase of the thickness of the ballastless track, and the rate of change decreases with increase of the track thickness. When the thickness of the ballastless track reaches at 0.4 m, the corresponding dynamic performance, the damping performance effect and the concrete amount of track bed are rather economical. From the present theoretical analysis and online testing, it can be seen the damping performance effect of the isolated rubber floating slab system is obvious, and its construction and maintenance programs are systematic.     

Integrated Agent-based and System Dynamics Modelling for Simulation of Sustainable Mobility

In this article, a conceptual framework for a comprehensive evaluation of the diffusion process of alternative fuel vehicles is introduced. The framework takes into account the most influencing stakeholders, including car manufacturers, car dealers, consumers, energy supply system, fuel stations and government. The underlying mathematical models of different stakeholders are then integrated in one model of the whole energy and transport system. The hybrid modelling framework links the two powerful dynamic simulation approaches of system dynamics (SD) and agent-based (AB) modelling. Integrated modelling structure gives the potential of building more accurate and computationally efficient models for simulating the transition to sustainable mobility. We specify the integration process and the most important linking variables between various energy and transport components. Then the application of the integrated model is explained through a test case and, finally, the applicability of the hybrid AB and SD approach and its potential contribution to the models of transition to sustainable mobility will be concluded.     

A renaissance in understanding technology dynamics? The emerging concept of transition management in transportation

Abstract

For the last five years the technology factor (by which is meant both process and product innovation) has received renewed attention in the transport sector as society is confronted with new challenges. This leads to a call for change and transitions. Technology is considered as a potential answer to new needs and new problems, like the reduction of CO₂ and the supply of alternative energy. It is important that there is a theoretical basis for the way of thinking on innovation and diffusion when it comes to technology dynamics. This paper, based on a literature study, addresses the question to what extent the theory of transition management can be considered as a new application of technology dynamics. The theory of technological innovations in the broad sense is analysed and applied to the transport sector.     

沥青分子聚集状态变化特征研究

为研究沥青的化学结构特征,根据沥青组分溶解度参数和极性的不同,将沥青分为沥青质、胶质、油分3个组分,分别采用一个典型分子模型代表沥青的每一个组分,构建2种沥青分子模型,采用分子动力学模拟方法对沥青分子聚集状态变化特征进行分析.结果表明:由于π-π效应,沥青质分子之间形成层状堆积现象,但较长烷烃链造成芳环间扭转角增大,阻碍层状堆积现象的形成;随着温度升高,芳环间扭转角增大,沥青质分子之间的层状堆积结构被破坏,形成穿插或垂直排列结构;在沥青分子模型中,胶质和油分分子的存在使沥青质分子间的距离大于沥青质分子模型中的距离,也使沥青质分子间形成的聚集结构趋于稳定;沥青质与胶质分子形成聚集结构,分散在油分中,沥青质分子结构对沥青能否形成稳定胶体结构具有重要影响.     

钢桥桥面沥青混凝土铺装力学分析

本文主要利用有限元分析方法分析车辆荷载对铺装层的动力影响.结果表明:车辆在桥面以一定速度行驶时,动力影响显著;为了保证铺装层的耐久性,须对行驶车辆限载;铺装层厚度对桥面铺装层动力影响较大.     

车桥耦合振动数值分析

应用达朗贝尔原理推导车辆和桥梁的振动平衡方程,结合NEWMARK法计算原理编制对车桥耦合振动问题求解的计算程序.分别使用该程序和龙格-库塔法对一简支梁的车桥振动求解.结果表明:该程序的计算结果准确可靠,可应用于车桥耦合振动分析.     

“车辆系统动力学”课程教学改革探索与实践

针对汽车产业发展的新形势和新特点以及目前教学中存在的问题,对车辆相关专业的基础理论核心课《车辆系统动力学》进行教学改革探索。革新教学理念,更新知识体系和教学内容,采用多元化的教学方法,优化课程考核评价方式,为提高学生的专业知识掌握效果、工程实践能力、创新思维能力提供了有益参考。     

线性连续分层流体中水波与截断圆柱浮体的相互作用

研究了在线性连续分层流体中水波与截断圆柱浮体相互作用的问题.在Boussinesq近似下,基于分离变量法,表明了对给定的频率,当它大于浮力频率时,流场中只有一种模态的平面前进波,当它小于浮力频率时,流场中有无数多个模态的平面前进波.基于特征函数匹配理论,建立了作用在截断圆柱浮体上水动力的计算方法.对作用在截断圆柱浮体上的水平波浪力、垂向波浪力和力矩进行了数值计算分析,表明了在某个频率范围内,流体的线性连续分层效应对这些水动力量的影响是不可忽视的.特别地,在入射波频率小于浮力频率时,高阶模态入射波对截断圆柱浮体水动力的影响也是重要的,在海洋工程的实践中应予以特别关注.     

Waiting zones for realistic modelling of pedestrian dynamics: A case study using two major German railway stations as examples

The value of a pedestrian stream simulation depends on its ability to reproduce natural behaviour of pedestrians in different situations. Most models assume that pedestrians are single-minded and constantly move towards their destinations. However, our observations at two major German railway stations made during field experiments and our analysis of video recordings at one of these stations revealed that in virtually every setting a significant proportion of pedestrians do not walk continuously. Instead, they occasionally change their route in order to visit certain locations and stand there for a period of time. By waiting, they often block walking pedestrians and thereby influence the overall dynamics.In this paper, we evaluate the impact of waiting pedestrians and propose a model for waiting pedestrians based on cellular automata. The model is able to reproduce the observed pedestrian behaviour. We illustrate the model with simulations of several real life scenarios for a major German railway station and show that during rush hour standing pedestrians may prolong walking time by up to nearly 20%. We also demonstrate how the developed model can be used for the analysis of infrastructures, and prediction of problematic areas in public spaces.     

影响转K6型转向架动力学性能的2个主要因素分析

采用动力学仿真分析和线路动力学试验相结合的方法,研究一系橡胶垫定位刚度对转K6型转向架运动稳定性的影响。采用实验室实验和线路动力学试验相结合的方法,研究侧立柱磨耗板与斜楔摩擦副的匹配对配装转K6型转向架车辆垂向振动加速度的影响。结果表明,转K6型转向架每轴箱橡胶垫的纵、横向刚度应分别在14 MN/m1、2 MN/m以上时方能满足转K6型转向架最高商业运营速度的要求。装用高分子复合材料主摩擦板的ADI组合式斜楔与T10钢立柱磨耗板摩擦副具有较优的摩擦磨损性能,较理想的摩擦系数和良好的动力学性能,建议转K6型转向架摩擦减振装置的摩擦副采用装配高分子复合材料主摩擦板的ADI组合式斜楔对T10钢立柱磨耗板的方案。