京津城际客运专线线路设计主要技术条件的探讨

针对京津城际客运专线的特点 ,参考国内外资料 ,提出对线路平面和纵断面设计主要技术条件的见解     

常规真空预压与低位真空预压软基加固方法比较

通过对比研究低位真空预压与常规真空预压技术在加固软基的机理、施工工艺和加固效果上的异同点,进一步论述这两种地基处理方法在工程实践中的应用条件,认为低位真空预压法更适用于码头堆料场、滨海火电厂粉煤灰堆场等工程中。     

Analysis and optimisation of objective vehicle dynamics testing in winter conditions

Objective testing of vehicle handling in winter conditions has not been implemented yet because of its low repeatability and its low signal-to-noise ratio. Enabling this testing, by identifying robust manoeuvres and metrics, was the aim of this study. This has been achieved by using both experimental data, gathered with steering-robot tests on ice, and simulation models of different complexities. Simple bicycle models with brush and MF-tyre models were built, both optimally parameterised against the experimental data. The brush model presented a better balance in complexity performance. This model was also implemented in a Kalman filter to reduce measurement noise; however, a simpler low-pass filter showed almost similar results at lower cost. A more advanced full vehicle model was built in VI-CarRealTime, based on kinematics and compliance data, damper measurements, and real tyre measurements in winter conditions. This model offered better results and was therefore chosen to optimise the initial manoeuvres through test design and simulations. A sensitivity analysis (ANOVA) of the experimental data allowed one to classify the robustness of the metrics. Finally, to validate the results, the proposed and the initial manoeuvres were tested back to back in a new winter campaign.     

双车道公路路侧危险级别的安全影响分析

将路侧危险等级分成第1层路侧危险度和实际路侧危险度2个层次,针对路侧环境对安全影响问题进行了分析,包括全部事故、碰撞事故、追尾事故、路侧事故和事故死伤情况等。分析结果表明,不同层次的路侧危险度对碰撞事故、追尾事故和路侧事故影响特征基本一致,但趋势度有所差别,对全部事故和事故死伤情况的影响结果相反。     

Dynamic response analysis of towed cable during deployment/retrieval

A numerical approach was developed to analyze the transient behavior of towed cable during ac- tively controlled deployment/retrieval (DR). The cable motion is described by the lumped parameter method, its corresponding boundary conditions are presented. In view of its varying length during DR, two auxiliary arguments are introduced to describe its continuous varying length and discrete number of nodes(equations), the length is determined by the pay out(or reel-in) rate, which is then used to determine the node number by a logic relation. For the discrete mathematical model of towed cable, an algorithm was developed to deal with the discrete governing equations. The simulation results indicate that the cable experiences more com- plex motions due to its varying length, and tension fluctuates seriously in the startup and ending stage of deployment/retrieval. The effect of towing ship's motion in waves on cable during deployment/retrieval is also considered via numerical simulation.     

浅谈工程机械油耗定额的制定

制定工程机械的油耗定额势在必行.实践证明,采用对各种工程机械的基本燃油耗量进行修正的方法计算其油耗定额,切合实际,科学可靠.     

避险车道设置的必要性研究

避险车道设置的必要性一直是国内外学界关注的重点,但是目前却没有成型的理论推出。引进了加拿大和约旦科学家的理论,并且做了相应的改进,提出了新的三个列表:刹车毂温度列表,车速列表,建设条件列表。在三个列表的基础上,加入了权函数的概念。在权函数的设置中,我们充分考虑了三个因素的权重,从而得到了更精确的评价设置必要性。最后,我们在青海湖附近的一个长下坡路段应用了这一理论,得到了比较满意的结果。     

An innovative localisation algorithm for railway vehicles

In modern railway automatic train protection and automatic train control systems, odometry is a safety relevant on-board subsystem which estimates the instantaneous speed and the travelled distance of the train; a high reliability of the odometry estimate is fundamental, since an error on the train position may lead to a potentially dangerous overestimation of the distance available for braking. To improve the odometry estimate accuracy, data fusion of different inputs coming from a redundant sensor layout may be used. The aim of this work has been developing an innovative localisation algorithm for railway vehicles able to enhance the performances, in terms of speed and position estimation accuracy, of the classical odometry algorithms, such as the Italian Sistema Controllo Marcia Treno (SCMT). The proposed strategy consists of a sensor fusion between the information coming from a tachometer and an Inertial Measurements Unit (IMU). The sensor outputs have been simulated through a 3D multibody model of a railway vehicle. The work has provided the development of a custom IMU, designed by ECM S.p.a, in order to meet their industrial and business requirements. The industrial requirements have to be compliant with the European Train Control System (ETCS) standards: the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS), a project developed by the European Union to improve the interoperability among different countries, in particular as regards the train control and command systems, fixes some standard values for the odometric (ODO) performance, in terms of speed and travelled distance estimation. The reliability of the ODO estimation has to be taken into account basing on the allowed speed profiles. The results of the currently used ODO algorithms can be improved, especially in case of degraded adhesion conditions; it has been verified in the simulation environment that the results of the proposed localisation algorithm are always compliant with the ERTMS requirements. The estimation strategy has good performance also under degraded adhesion conditions and could be put on board of high-speed railway vehicles; it represents an accurate and reliable solution. The IMU board is tested via a dedicated Hardware in the Loop (HIL) test rig: it includes an industrial robot able to replicate the motion of the railway vehicle. Through the generated experimental outputs the performances of the innovative localisation algorithm have been evaluated: the HIL test rig permitted to test the proposed algorithm, avoiding expensive (in terms of time and cost) on-track tests, obtaining encouraging results. In fact, the preliminary results show a significant improvement of the position and speed estimation performances compared to those obtained with SCMT algorithms, currently in use on the Italian railway network.     

基于CSM改进模型的TBM刀盘关键参数相关性研究

为掌握TBM掘进参数与地质参数、操作参数、刀盘刀具设计参数的相关性，基于滚刀受力CSM模型，通过近似计算与推导，建立了滚刀破岩力与结构参数、TBM操作参数、地层强度参数σc的定量关系模型。同时，通过室内缩尺滚刀试验，对推导的模型参数关系进行验证。针对TBM掘进参数与围岩条件的匹配性关系，以大瑞铁路高黎贡山隧道TBM施工为依托，通过数据统计分析与对比，提出使用转矩与推力的比值作为判断地层完整性发生变化的依据。     

大宗散货输送工程中长距离带式输送机的选择

根据长距离带式输送设备的特点和工程应用条件,按照输送效率、投资额度、地形条件适应性、环境敏感性、运行经济性等五大要素及其限制程度和调改性,对普通带式输送机、管状带式输送机、曲线带式输送机这3种代表机型进行综合分析,提出各种工程条件下的选型策略.