Precision analysis and dynamic stability in the numerical solution of the two-dimensional wheel/rail tangential contact problem

ABSTRACT

In this paper the two-dimensional contact problem is analysed through different mesh topologies and strategies for approaching equations, namely; the collocation method, Galerkin, and the polynomial approach. The two-dimensional asymptotic problem (linear theory) associated with very small creepage (or infinite friction coefficient) is taken as a reference in order to analyse the numerical methods, and its solution is tackled in three different ways, namely steady-state problem, dynamic stability problem, and non-steady state problem in the frequency domain. In addition, two elastic displacements derivatives calculation methods are explored: analytic and finite differences. The results of this work establish the calculation conditions that are necessary to guarantee dynamic stability and the absence of numerical singularities, as well as the parameters for using the method that allows for maximum precision at the minimum computational cost to be reached.     

电气化铁道架空回流线截面的选择

目前带回流线的直接供电方式在电气化铁道中被广泛采用。本文应用电磁耦合原理对带回流线的直接供电方式牵引网进行了分析计算,就回流线截面对牵引网电流分配、弱电线路的屏蔽效果和牵引网阻抗等各方面的影响进行了计算,结合回流线价格对回流线截面的选择进行了技术经济比较,为实际工程中回流线截面的合理选择提供了依据。     

受电弓动态包络线检测

介绍国内外防止机车受电弓与接触网之间弓网故障的思路、方法 ,介绍受电弓动态包络线检测尺对接触悬挂进行动态包络线检测的应用情况。     

SS7型电力机车牵引齿轮系统的有限元三维接触分析

根据接触问题的有限元二次规划解法，采用了子结构技术，建立电力机车传动齿轮系统的三维有摩擦接触分析有限元模型，对包括主，从动齿轮和轴在内的整体模型进行计算，定量分析了影响强度的几个因素。     

新结构高轮齿接触率RV传动装置的理论研究

介绍了高轮齿接触率RV传动装置的基本构成、传动原理和主要特点,提出了高轮齿接触率RV传动装置的新结构;根据封闭行星齿轮传动原理,求出新结构高轮齿接触率RV传动装置的传动比;根据动平衡原理对新结构高轮齿接触率RV传动装置的进行了动平衡分析,理论分析表明新结构RV传动装置具有更好的动力学性能.     

The role of the contact geometry in wheel-rail impact due to wheel flats

A thorough investigation of wheel-rail impact due to wheel flats is presented, together with a quantitative characterization of the main mechanisms and parameters. A criterion for the speed with respect to contact loss between wheel and rail is derived. In the subcritical speed regime, the magnitude of the impact force is shown to be directly related to the geometry of the flat, whereas in the transcritical speed regime a fictitious or effective flat depth exists, which decreases with the second order of the speed. In this domain, the position of impact shifts towards the end of the flat with increasing speed. The impact force increases with the second order of the speed in the subcritical speed regime and approximately the first order of the speed in the transcritical speed regime. The magnitude of the impact force is inversely proportional to the minimum circumferential curvature of the wheel tread defect in the subcritical speed regime, and to the effective minimum curvature in the transcritical case. The variation with the flat depth is less; the impact varies with the square root of the flat depth. The presented theory is in accordance with measurements reported in the literature and explains characteristic features in them.     

Filling up gaps in wave data with genetic programming

A given time series of significant wave heights invariably contains smaller or larger gaps or missing values due to a variety of reasons ranging from instrument failures to loss of recorders following human interference. In-filling of missing information is widely reported and well documented for variables like rainfall and river flow, but not for the wave height observations made by rider buoys. This paper attempts to tackle this problem through one of the latest soft computing tools, namely, genetic programming (GP). The missing information in hourly significant wave height observations at one of the data buoy stations maintained by the US National Data Buoy Center is filled up by developing GP models through spatial correlations. The gap lengths of different orders are artificially created and filled up by appropriate GP programs. The results are also compared with those derived using artificial neural networks (ANN). In general, it is found that the in-filling done by GP rivals that by ANN and many times becomes more satisfactory, especially when the gap lengths are smaller. Although the accuracy involved reduces as the amount of gap increases, the missing values for a long duration of a month or so can be filled up with a maximum average error up to 0.21 m in the high seas.     

PantoCat statement of method

The pantograph–catenary dynamic interaction analysis program (PantoCat) addresses the need for a dynamic analysis code able to analyse models of the complete overhead energy collecting systems that include all mechanical details of the pantographs and the complete topology and structural details of the catenary. PantoCat is a code based on the finite element method, for the catenary, and multibody dynamics methods, for the pantograph, integrated via a co-simulation procedure. A contact model based on a penalty formulation is selected to represent the pantograph–catenary interaction. PantoCat enables models of catenaries with multiple sections, including their overlap, the operation of multiple pantographs and the use of any complex loading of the catenary or pantograph mechanical elements including aerodynamic effects. The models of the pantograph and catenary are fully spatial being simulated in tangential or curved tracks, with or without irregularities and perturbations. User-friendly interfaces facilitate the construction of the models while the post-processing facilities provide all quantities of interest of the system response according to the norms and industrial requirements.     

Investigation of the impact of locomotive creep control on wear under changing contact conditions

This paper presents the locomotive traction controller performance with respect to the track wear under different operation conditions. In particular, an investigation into the dynamic response of a locomotive under changing wheel–rail friction conditions is performed with an aim to determine the effect of controller setting on track wear. Simulation using a full-scale longitudinal–vertical locomotive dynamic model shows that the appropriately designed creep threshold, controller, settings can effectively maintain a high tractive effort while avoiding excessive rail damage due to wear, especially during acceleration under low speed.     

海上联合搜救机制研究

海上联合搜救是一项复杂的系统工程,需要建立规范科学完整的机制来推动.海上联合搜救机制的建立要符合政治、经济、技术和管理需要.目前的海上联合搜救机制存在机制内容不完整、不被重视、缺乏统一的指挥协调机构和保障机制不完善等问题建议应重视并建立规范科学完整的海上联合搜救机制,建立统一的指挥协调机构,制定相关制度规范参与方行为,建立切实有效的保障制度;通过联合来达到信息共享、技术交流、资源援助和人员支持等目的.