Ⅲ型弹条扣压力测试方法

现有e型弹条扣压力测试有2种方法:通过加载使弹条向下产生一定位移时进行测定(方法1);通过提升使弹条向上产生一定位移时进行测定(方法 2)。分别采用2种方法测试不同安装距离下Ⅲ型弹条的扣压力并分析扣压力与安装距离的关系。结果表明:采用方法 1时安装距离为8,10,20 mm测得的弹条扣压力均满足标准要求,弹条扣压力随安装距离的增大而增大;采用方法 2时安装距离为8,10 mm测得的弹条扣压力满足标准要求,安装距离为20 mm时不满足要求,弹条扣压力随安装距离的增大而减小。采用方法2进行扣压力测试时须严格保证弹条与安装座距离处于8~10 mm。     

Long short-term memory neural network for traffic speed prediction using remote microwave sensor data

Neural networks have been extensively applied to short-term traffic prediction in the past years. This study proposes a novel architecture of neural networks, Long Short-Term Neural Network (LSTM NN), to capture nonlinear traffic dynamic in an effective manner. The LSTM NN can overcome the issue of back-propagated error decay through memory blocks, and thus exhibits the superior capability for time series prediction with long temporal dependency. In addition, the LSTM NN can automatically determine the optimal time lags. To validate the effectiveness of LSTM NN, travel speed data from traffic microwave detectors in Beijing are used for model training and testing. A comparison with different topologies of dynamic neural networks as well as other prevailing parametric and nonparametric algorithms suggests that LSTM NN can achieve the best prediction performance in terms of both accuracy and stability.     

基于CEL方法的射弹高速入水数值研究

针对超空泡射弹火炮武器在航空反水雷作战中的应用,本文基于耦合欧拉—拉格朗日(CEL)方法对射弹高速入水过程进行了数值模拟,重点对入水空泡的捕捉精度问题进行了研究。对于平头射弹而言,采用刚体壳单元进行几何离散、求解,由于双侧接触问题会使入水空泡的捕捉失真。基于对壳单元双侧接触形成机理的分析,获得了改善射弹高速入水空泡捕捉精度的方法。通过射弹入水后的超空泡形态与试验、理论研究结果的对比,表明了CEL方法对高速入水数值求解的有效性;进而通过射弹带攻角垂直入水尾拍过程的数值模拟,捕捉到了与水下发射试验相近的空泡不连续演化特征。最后,对数值模拟得到射弹尾拍载荷特性、射弹尾拍航行状态下姿态偏转角速度变化的分析表明,射弹尾拍对其水下弹道性能有重要影响。     

基于隧道污染机制的内壁亮化耐污涂层技术试验研究与应用

为提高隧道行车视觉环境，实现内壁涂层亮化耐污对提升隧道运营安全与节能的促进作用，解决现有我国隧道品质提升缺乏内壁涂层技术选型依据的问题，开展基于隧道内壁污染机制和分布特点的涂层亮化耐污机制研究，并以接触角和反射率为主要指标，进行4种不同涂层材料的亮化耐污试验。试验结果表明： 在相同平整度条件下，材料接触角越接近超疏水接触角，耐污效果越好，并可使反射率保持在较高水平，在后期运营中具备较明显的易清洗优势，且清洗后的反射率与刚实施完成后的反射率接近，说明这类材料对提升公路隧道运营品质、降低运营成本具有积极的促进作用。     

西安城市轨道交通线网应急指挥中心建设优化研究

以城市轨道交通线网应急指挥中心优化建设为主要研究方向,通过类比加对比的方法,结合目前西安地铁正在建设的线网应急指挥中心,分析线网指挥中心与应急指挥中心分建和合建方案的优劣,研究探讨在现代信息网络快速发展和电子产品更新换代的背景下,如何对已建成使用的线网应急指挥中心进行改造升级,如何对正在筹建或建设的线网指挥中心预留升级空间。通过对系统功能定位和系统设计方案的分析研究,结合在建设中遇到的问题,提出能够满足目前城市轨道交通线网应急指挥中心优化建设的建议,以期为其他有线网应急指挥中心建设需求的城市提供参考。     

A solution algorithm for a dynamic deterministic user equilibrium assignment model with departure time choice

Abstract

A route-based combined model of dynamic deterministic route and departure time choice and a solution method for many origin and destination pairs is proposed. The divided linear travel time model is used to calculate the link travel time and to describe the propagation of flow over time. For the calculation of route travel times, the predictive ideal route travel time concept is adopted. Solving the combined model of dynamic deterministic route and departure time choice is shown to be equivalent to solving simultaneously a system of non-linear equations. A Newton-type iterative scheme is proposed to solve this problem. The performance of the proposed solution method is demonstrated using a version of the Sioux Falls network. This shows that the proposed solution method produces good equilibrium solutions with reasonable computational cost.     

A dynamic route choice model for public transport networks with boarding queues

Abstract

The concepts of optimal strategy and hyperpath were born within the framework of static frequency-based public transport assignment, where it is assumed that travel times and frequencies do not change over time and no overcrowding occurs. However, the formation of queues at public transport stops can prevent passengers from boarding the first vehicle approaching and can thus lead to additional delays in their trip. Assuming that passengers know from previous experience that for certain stops/lines they will have to wait for the arrival of the 2nd, 3rd, …, k-th vehicle, they may alter their route choices, thus resulting in a different assignment of flows across the network. The aim of this paper is to investigate route choice behaviour changes as a result of the formation and dispersion of queues at stops within the framework of optimal travel strategies. A new model is developed, based on modifications of existing algorithms.     

PC梁桥弯曲孔道预应力损失机理研究

预应力混凝土连续梁桥/连续刚构桥预应力损失过大,导致了桥梁结构过早的失效或破坏。文中通过预应力混凝土结构设计中弯曲孔道接触应力分布形式的理论分析和预应力摩阻损失的试验,指出了现行弯曲孔道有效预应力计算公式的弊端;同时,通过对孔道内预应力束受力模式的探讨,揭示了纵向张拉力作用下预应力束接触位置相对改变而引起预应力弯曲孔道摩阻损失增加的现象。     

一种计入桥面铺装非完善接触效应的箱梁结构计算方法

采用有限元软件对桥面铺装与箱梁结构桥面板之间的非完善接触进行局部仿真分析,提取荷载一滑移曲线获得界面之间的剪切刚度,并在整体模型中用弹簧单元模拟界面之间的剪切刚度,对猫铺大桥结构进行三维空间分析.通过这种计算模式分析结构在荷载作用下的的整体响应,探讨比较了考虑混凝土与桥面铺装界面滑移对箱梁结构受力性能的影响.研究得出了考虑铺装层参与截面受力能提高结构开裂荷载和极限承载能力、增大结构刚度的结论.计算结果对考虑铺装层作用时箱梁计算提出合理建议,具有一定的经济和社会效益.