基于GQJS的大跨连续梁桥结构分析方法

以内蒙古某跨径为85m+150m+85m的预应力混凝土连续梁桥为工程背景,采用公路桥梁结构设计系统GQJS,研究其符合承载使用要求的结构设计方法。通过对该桥进行承载能力极限状态和正常使用极限状态(持久状况和短暂状况)下2种工况的验算分析,表明该桥结构满足现行规范的各项要求。     

行车荷载作用下路基附加应力动态分析

该文在考虑材料动态参数基础上,借助ABAQUS通用有限元软件,建立三维有限元模型,采用动态分析的手段,计算了不同车速下路基竖向附加应力,并与静态分析结果进行了对比。结果表明,采用材料动态参数下,路基内部及顶面竖向应力动态分析值分别高出静载下计算值8%与10%;低车速下路基竖向附加应力偏高;动态分析时间点的选取对附加应力值影响显著。     

Theoretical and experimental excitation force spectra for railway-induced ground vibration: vehicle–track–soil interaction,irregularities and soil measurements

Excitation force spectra are necessary for a realistic prediction of railway-induced ground vibration. The excitation forces cause the ground vibration and they are themselves a result of irregularities passed by the train. The methods of the related analyses – the wavenumber integration for the wave propagation in homogeneous or layered soils, the combined finite-element boundary-element method for the vehicle–track–soil interaction – have already been presented and are the base for the advanced topic of this contribution. This contribution determines excitation force spectra of railway traffic by two completely different methods. The forward analysis starts with vehicle, track and soil irregularities, which are taken from literature and axle-box measurements, calculates the vehicle–track interaction and gets theoretical force spectra as the result. The second method is a backward analysis from the measured ground vibration of railway traffic. A calculated or measured transfer function of the soil is used to determine the excitation force spectrum of the train. A number of measurements of different soils and different trains with different speeds are analysed in that way. Forward and backward analysis yield the same approximate force spectra with values around 1 kN for each axle and third of octave.     

Vertical random vibration analysis of vehicle–track coupled system using Green's function method

A vertical vehicle–track coupled dynamic model, consisting of a high-speed train on a continuously supported rail, is established in the frequency-domain. The solution is obtained efficiently by use of the Green's function method, which can determine the vibration response over a wide range of frequency without any limitations due to modal truncation. Moreover, real track irregularity spectra can be used conveniently as input. The effect of the flexibility of both track and car body on the entire vehicle–track coupled dynamic response is investigated. A multi-body model of a vehicle with either rigid or flexible car body is defined running on three kinds of track: a rigid rail, a track stiffness model and a Timoshenko beam model. The results show that neglecting the track flexibility leads to an overestimation of both the contact force and the whole vehicle vibration response. The car body flexibility affects the ride quality of the vehicle and the coupling through the track and can be significant in certain frequency ranges. Finally, the effect of railpad and ballast stiffness on the vehicle–track coupled vibration is analysed, indicating that the stiffness of the railpad has an influence on the system in a higher frequency range than the ballast.     

钢箱连续梁结构线形调整改造施工技术

根据厦门市工程改造的总体部署,仙岳路主线既有多座跨线桥不符合全线高架的线形标高规划,需进行改造.以莲岳路口跨线立交——(2×35+45+2×35) m等高度连续钢箱梁桥为例,通过分析对比桥梁改造前、后的线形,设计出最优的调整改造方案,并计算确定梁体支点转换的合理顺序.首先在该桥6个桥墩及中间3跨跨中切除9个短节段,将全...     

C20喷射混凝土冻融力学试验

采用喷大板法制做C20喷射混凝土试件,使用压力试验机对经历不同冻融循环次数的试件进行了抗压和抗拉强度测试,分析冻融循环作用下其变化规律,采用共振法和超声波法对经历不同冻融循环次数的喷射混凝土进行动弹性模量测试,分析其抗冻耐久性,并对经历不同冻融循环次数下的试件外观进行了描述。研究结果表明：冻融对喷射混凝土的抗拉和抗压强度影响较大,随着冻融循环次数的增加,抗拉和抗压强度衰减程度增大,相对动弹性模量也逐渐衰减,呈线性降低趋势;C20喷射混凝土的相对耐久性指数非常低,经历50次冻融循环后的耐久性指数为10.1%,与C20普通混凝土相比,其相对耐久性指数更低,抗冻耐久性更差;C20喷射混凝土经历75次冻融循环后出现严重的酥碎剥落情况,不能满足工程抗冻性要求。     

大跨度混凝土连续梁桥长期下挠加固方案研究

针对某城市主跨为129 m的预应力混凝土连续梁桥运营7 a以来中跨不断下挠情况,在不中断交通的条件下,从箱室内加体外预应力、外加结构角度出发,分析不同加固方案对挠度控制的有效性及其对原结构的影响,以期为加固已下挠的连续梁、防止其继续下挠提供一种有效的加固方案.     

榆林地区风积沙的工程分类

为了研究榆林地区风积沙的工程技术分类,依托陕西省榆林市境内穿越风积沙地区的国道210陕蒙段和省道204榆靖段的改扩建工程,采集沿线风积沙样,对沙样进行了筛分、含泥量、液塑限等试验,分析了筛分试验结果和级配指标,确定了风积沙分类的划分依据,对榆林地区风积沙进行了工程分类,并通过击实和强度试验,进行了验证性分析。研究结果表明:榆林地区风积沙颗粒粒径主要分布在0.075mm～0.3mm之间,陕蒙段风积沙的砂粒含量整体大于榆靖段;沙样区分应采用方孔筛颗粒分析,确定0.15mm为风积沙分类的关键筛孔;依据0.15mm筛孔通过率,将该地区风积沙划分为3类,即A类(通过率小于30%)、B类(通过率在30%～60%之间)和C类(通过率大于60%);建立细度模数和0.15mm筛孔通过率的关系,进一步说明了0.15mm筛孔通过率作为分类指标的合理性;水泥稳定3种风积沙的最佳含水率、最大干密度和7d无侧限抗压强度具有明显的区别,验证了文中风积沙分类方法的实用性。     

结构增强型高强密水铺装材料设计及性能试验研究

增加水泥桥面铺装下层的模量,有利于提升沥青铺装结构的耐久性.现从水泥桥面沥青铺装层路用性能出发,提出了针对结构增强型沥青混合料的设计方法.通过沥青改性与级配优化,开发了适用于水泥桥面铺装下层的结构增强型沥青混合料,并开展了性能试验研究.结果 表明:研发的高强密水沥青混合料可以有效提高路面的抗车辙性、低温抗裂性、水稳定性...     

微分法在有限元分析中的应用

基于有限元原理及结构的平衡微分方程,提出了一种求解结构单元形函数的方法。首先,根据结构单元的变形微分方程求解结构变形的常系数解析式;其次,根据单元的边界条件求解相应的系数表达式,并将求出的系数表达式代到解析式中,形成关于单元局部坐标的解析式;最后,提取单元节点广义位移向量,形成单元的形函数矩阵。运用所提出的方法对结构典型杆单元、梁单元的形函数进行求解后发现,所获得的形函数与相关文献提供的形函数完全一致,表明所提方法正确有效,并且同样适用于其他结构单元形函数的求解,从而为有限元的进一步推广和拓展提供了一条行之有效的途径。