基于嵌套遗传算法实现汽车覆盖件回弹的评价

提出用切边线的线轮廓度公差来评价实际冲压件的回弹,数据点采样后用3次参数样条函数对实际切边线进行重构,将线轮廓度公差的求解分解为最大法向偏差的计算及最佳匹配位置的搜寻,并用嵌套遗传算法实现了这2个优化问题的求解,计算结果表明该方法是有效的。     

大跨度四线铁路车站隧道内轮廓研究

对于大跨度四线隧道,相比传统单、双线铁路隧道,其开挖跨度及开挖面积要大得多。一方面,为提高隧道空间的利用率、降低工程成本,其断面形式将更加扁平,开挖后的应力重分布状态恶化,增加了隧道结构设计和施工的难度。反之,单纯从受力考虑,衬砌结构宜采用近圆形的内轮廓,导致空间利用率降低,开挖量及圬工大幅度增加,势必产生浪费,增加成本。基于贵昆铁路六盘水至沾益段增建二线上的乌蒙山2号四线车站大跨度隧道,在满足建筑限界及相关作业要求条件下,在技术可行、经济合理的范围内,通过对大跨度四线隧道不同扁平率洞室的围岩应力、位移及塑性区,衬砌结构的承载力及经济性对比等进行研究,以确定经济合理的衬砌内轮廓及其扁平率范围,为特大跨度隧道衬砌内净空拟定提供参考与指导。     

铁路定线CAD软件的研制

本文是铁路定线计算机辅助设计软件系统研究的一个阶段报告,对铁路定线 CAD 的系统设计及软件、硬件配置环境作了介绍,对其各子系统进行了说明,并给出了该系统的使用方法和步骤.     

Contour line of load transfer ratio for vehicle rollover prediction

For vehicle rollover control systems, an accurate and predictive rollover index is necessary for a precise rollover threat detection and rollover prevention. In this paper, the contour line of load transfer ratio (CL-LTR) and the CL-LTR-based vehicle rollover index (CLRI) are proposed, describing LTR threshold and LTR change rate precisely, providing an accurate prediction of vehicle rollover threat. In detail, the CL-LTR is proposed via the roll dynamics phase plane analysis, and its analytical solution of one-degree-of-freedom vehicle roll model and extension for full vehicle are derived. Moreover, the predictive CLRI is proposed and evaluated via vehicle dynamics study. The results demonstrate that vehicle rollover threat is predicted accurately based on the CLRI, which shows benefits for the vehicle rollover prediction and stability control.     

交叉口动态车道与交通信号协同优化方法

以往动态车道研究倾向于在固定信号配时或预先设定的信号配时方案下进行优化，无法充分利用交叉口的时空资源.本文根据实时交通需求，以交叉口车辆平均延误最小为目标，以信号周期、相位绿灯时间和车道数为约束条件，构建动态车道与交通信号协同优化模型.模型分两部分，第1部分考虑进出口道车道平衡，计算可行的动态车道备选方案，将备选方案的输出参数作为第2部分模型的输入参数；第2部分根据实时交通需求，生成动态车道优化方案和信号优化方案.将本文优化方法与传统信号配时方法进行比较，实验结果表明，本文模型能更好地降低交叉口平均延误，有效提升信号交叉口时空资源利用率.     

Marginal and total exceedance probabilities of environmental contours

Various methods have been proposed for defining an environmental contour, based on different concepts of exceedance probability. In the inverse first-order reliability method (IFORM) and the direct sampling (DS) method, contours are defined in terms of exceedances within a region bounded by a hyperplane in either standard normal space or the original parameter space, corresponding to marginal exceedance probabilities under rotations of the coordinate system. In contrast, the more recent inverse second-order reliability method (ISORM) and highest density (HD) contours are defined in terms of an isodensity contour of the joint density function in either standard normal space or the original parameter space, where an exceedance is defined to be anywhere outside the contour. Contours defined in terms of the total probability outside the contour are significantly more conservative than contours defined in terms of marginal exceedance probabilities. In this work we study the relationship between the marginal exceedance probability of the maximum value of each variable along an environmental contour and the total probability outside the contour. The marginal exceedance probability of the contour maximum can be orders of magnitude lower than the total exceedance probability of the contour, with the differences increasing with the number of variables. For example, a 50-year ISORM contour for two variables at 3-h time steps, passes through points with marginal return periods of 635 years, and the marginal return periods increase to 10,950 years for contours of four variables. It is shown that the ratios of marginal to total exceedance probabilities for DS contours are similar to those for IFORM contours. However, the marginal exceedance probabilities of the maximum values of each variable along an HD contour are not in fixed relation to the contour exceedance probability, but depend on the shape of the joint density function. Examples are presented to illustrate the impact of the choice of contour on simple structural reliability problems for cases where the use of contours defined in terms of either marginal or total exceedance probabilities may be appropriate. The examples highlight that to choose an appropriate contour method, some understanding about the shape of a structure's failure surface is required.     

基于计算机图像处理和等高线分析的红外无损检测

通过检测的实例说明,在计算机图像处理和等高线分析的基础上,所提出的方法有效减小了红外热像中存在的背景噪声和边缘模糊带来的不利影响;对被检测对象的轮廓和过热区域的识别具有较高的精度;对红外无损检测的实施、对提高诊断效率、避免误诊和漏诊具有一定的工程应用价值.     

智能化交叉口竖向设计系统的研究与开发

在比较国内外已有的平面交叉口竖向设计软件基础上,提出一种全新的交叉口数学模型———MESH-GR ID模型。基于该模型的交叉口设计方法简捷、精确,适用于所有交叉口样式,能快速绘制等高线、标注板块高程,更能实时直观的查看、调整交叉口设计面三维模型。     

桥梁闭口箱梁三分力数值识别中的湍流模型比选

对以苏通桥断面为例的桥梁闭口箱梁模型进行了三分力系数CFD数值识别。分别采用不同湍流模型及近壁条件进行数值模拟,并将数值模拟结果与风洞试验值进行比较。同时使用层流模型采用加密网格进行数值模拟,对不同湍流模型模拟结果进行压力等值线的比较,通过识别得到的三分力系数和压力等值线,确定出闭口箱梁绕流数值计算最合理的湍流模型。     

分组选配法在旋叶式汽车空调压缩机中的应用

介绍如何利用分组选配法解决旋叶式汽车空调压缩机转子和气缸加工尺寸超差、装配合格率低的实际问题。