隧道锚喷支护原理及其应用

介绍了隧道锚喷支护的特点以及锚喷支护的设计原则和方法,为充分了解锚喷支护原理、确保工程质量提供借鉴.     

舰船装备远海使用技术保障能力评估指标体系

以我海军亚丁湾护航任务为背景,文章具体分析了远海使用条件下舰船装备技术保障的要素和影响因素,基于一定的指标选取原则确定了舰船装备技术保障评估指标,建立了相应的评估指标体系层次结构,并对底层指标进行了简要的定量、定性分析,提出了指标分析方法,为舰船装备保障能力评估工作打下基础。     

Cycle Network Planning: Towards a Holistic Approach Using Temporal Topology

ABSTRACT

Current cycle-network planning (CNP) at the local level tends to be dominated by a subjective-pragmatic approach in which it is only possible to consider a limited number of route alignment possibilities and development-sequencing scenarios. Although this method may produce acceptable results, it may also be true that the final design could be improved – and the construction efficiency could be enhanced – by a more comprehensive review of the available options in relation to the objectives of the intervention. Such objectives may include accident reduction, modal shift in favour of cycling, health benefits or strategic expansion of a network. This article presents work undertaken to demonstrate a holistic approach to CNP, based on a logically defined spatio-temporal model and allowing some semi-automated multiobjective optimization of network designs in a GIS-based decision-support system. The model is introduced briefly before a case study applying this model to development of a cycle network in a small town in northeast England is described. The results obtained from this case study and the implications of this research for cycle network planners are discussed.     

汽油机掺醇燃烧甲醛排放及后处理适应性研究

进行了电喷汽油机燃用汽油和多种不同掺混比例甲醇汽油的试验研究,使用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)测量了普通三元催化器前后的甲醛排放。试验结果表明:甲醛排放量随掺醇比例、转速的增加而增大,随扭矩的增加先减少后增加;三元催化器对甲醛排放的催化转化效率随着掺醇比例的增加而减小;燃用M30以下低比例甲醇汽油时,催化器对甲醛排放的催化转化效率在多数工况都能达到85%以上,受工况影响并不明显;燃用M50以上中高比例甲醇汽油时催化器对甲醛排放的催化转化效率受工况影响较大,随着发动机转速、扭矩的增加而增加,在低转速低负荷下催化效率下降明显。     

基于神经网络和支持向量机的大客车运行车速组合预测

为了降低单个预测方法的不确定性,综合神经网络和支持向量机两种学习型算法,基于二者的最优加权组合对大客车运行车速进行了预测.以二级公路上244个路段的平曲线半径和纵坡度等线形数据和实测车速为样本,分别应用BP神经网络、支持向量机、最优加权组合预测以及线性回归对大客车第85百分位运行车速进行了预测.选择均方根误差和判断系数为评价指标,对比结果表明,最优加权组合预测能够综合单个预测方法的信息,提高了预测精度.     

在深基坑中围护应用土钉支护技术

随着深基坑支护技术的发展．越来越多的新技术应用在深基坑支护上,土钉墙支护技术由于具有经济性、施工快捷等优点而被广泛采用。从土力学中的土压力理论分析入手,分析支挡结构在土压力下的力学反应。结合工程实例,介绍土钉支护适用范围、施工技术（包括钻孔、土钉杆体组装及安放、注浆、面层挂网、喷射混凝土和面层承压板施工,最后,比较土钉墙支护和灌注桩同护施工方法,得出前者在成本、工期和环保三方面具有明显优势的结论。     

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城市道路交通状态识别是现代智能交通系统的重要组成部分,是交通智能控制、诱导和协同系统的基础.基于支持向量机建立车流量、平均速度和占有率的三维反映空间,以堵塞流、拥挤流、平稳流和顺畅流为标签对道路交通状态进行分类;并在MATLAB平台下利用LiBSVM工具包进行实验分析,对SVM各种核函数的分类效果进行比较研究,实现了支持向量机技术的交通状态模式识别.结果表明：选择的指标能很好地反映交通状态的特征,SVM核函数可以以较高的分类精度区分开交通流的状态识别,数据的归一化对分类的结果具有重要的影响.     

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针对局部交通状况分析所需要的多粒度仿真功能,本文分析了从宏观规划模型到微观仿真模型转换时的逻辑保证和数据需求,设计了一种基于路径流的多粒度交通仿真方法,从物理、逻辑和运行三个层面实现了从基于点和线的宏观路网到基于车道的微观路网的转换.针对转换过程中交通小区质心及其路网连接线等虚拟实体的处理问题,本文进一步提出了新的支路近似方法.基于上述方法,开发了适用于TransCAD和VISSIM模型转换的软件包,方便地实现了从宏观路网中局部区域交通状况分析到微观路段交通流量仿真的一致性转换.     

Detecting shifted double JPEG compression tampering utilizing both intra-block and inter-block correlations

Copy-paste forgery is a very common type of forgery in JPEG images.The tampered patch has always suffered from JPEG compression twice with inconsistent block segmentation.This phenomenon in JPEG image forgeries is called the shifted double JPEG(SDJPEG) compression.Detection of SDJPEG compressed image patches can make crucial contribution to detect and locate the tampered region.However,the existing SDJPEG compression tampering detection methods cannot achieve satisfactory results especially when the tampered region is small.In this paper,an effective SDJPEG compression tampering detection method utilizing both intra-block and inter-block correlations is proposed.Statistical artifacts are left by the SDJPEG compression among the magnitudes of JPEG quantized discrete cosine transform(DCT) coefficients.Firstly,difference 2D arrays,which describe the differences between the magnitudes of neighboring JPEG quantized DCT coefficients on the intrablock and inter-block,are used to enhance the SDJPEG compression artifacts.Then,the thresholding technique is used to deal with these difference 2D arrays for reducing computational cost.After that,co-occurrence matrix is used to model these difference 2D arrays so as to take advantage of second-order statistics.All elements of these co-occurrence matrices are served as features for SDJPEG compression tampering detection.Finally,support vector machine(SVM) classifier is employed to distinguish the SDJPEG compressed image patches from the single JPEG compressed image patches using the developed feature set.Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.     

地铁车站的深基坑变形特性研究

首先对基坑支撑结构的稳定性进行了验算,通过对地铁车站基坑实测数据的分析,探讨了基坑围护结构位移,钢支撑轴力及地表沉降的变形特性.结果表明:该工程基坑的标准段钢支撑结构满足稳定性要求;基坑围护结构水平位移为基坑开挖深度的0.02％～0.06％.围护结构的变形特性是中间大两头小,表现为深层凸鼓形;轴力表现为开始阶段持续地增长,之后趋于稳定,并微量波动;地表沉降随着开挖深度的增加不断增加,后期变形量显著降低,趋于稳定;围护结构的水平位移和地表沉降的分布均具有相似的空间效应:基坑边角处变形较小,随后逐步增大,至基坑中部达到最大值.