大修预算管理信息系统

介绍上海铁路局大修预算管理信息系统的组成与功能,以及该系统在铁路局、铁路局业务处室和铁路分局大修预算管理工作中,编制大修预算申请、年初预算、调整预算,动态管理大修资金和分析大修成本等方面的应用.系统人机界面友好、操作简单方便,具有安全、稳定、可维护和可扩展性,能够减少劳动强度,提高工作效率,实现数据共享和促进管理信息化,同时,该系统也适用于更改计划管理,具有广阔的推广前景.     

Development of a hull form definition tool with a related knowledge-based advisory system

The development of a parametric hull form design system utilizing combined knowledge-based and objectoriented methodologies, approaches, and techniques is the major purpose of this research. One objective was the development of a powerful, intuitive, and parameter-based hull definition system with a related hull definition advisory system that would provide useful and necessary advice to the user. Object and knowledge modeling activities were conducted during the analysis and design stage to facilitate the implementation of a hull design program and advisory system. The hull design system includes the generation of a geometric model from a process of aggregating simple user-selected shapes representing different boundaries. Design involves the capability to vary simple parameters such as entrance angles, length-breadth ratios, and radii to define local and general surface geometries. Hydrostatic calculations are included for analysis; results are referred to an advisory system for evaluation and the determination of the acceptability of parameters and analysis results. The advisory system includes a knowledge bases consisting of hull form databases, results of the statistical analysis of data, design parameter constraints, and expert knowledge acquired from designers, reference materials, and technical reports. Use of the design tool with the advisory system results in the rapid generation of hull forms and associated design evaluations. Flexibility in decision making results from the separation of the design system from the advisory system. The independence of the two systems allows for a wide range of user experience with experts using the design tool with minimal reference to the advisory system. On the other hand, the expertise and knowledge stored in the advisory system is fully available to inexperienced designers and users.     

船舶结构极限强度可靠性分析方法研究

针对船舶总纵极限强度极限状态方程不能以显式表达的实际情况，提出采用响应面与映射变换相结合的方法展开船舶总纵强度可靠性分析，指出相关随机变量在正态化前后相关系数的差异应予以考虑，并应用于实际船舶的计算，验证了理论的合理性。     

Studies on the optimization of stern hull form based on a potential flow solver

A hypothesis of the minimum energy of secondary flow, suggested by Bessho, is introduced here. According to this hypothesis, it can be expected that hull forms having frame lines with a minimum energy of secondary flow show less form drag. In the first part of this article, secondary flow energy is evaluated for the cases with and without a free-surface effect, and Bessho’s hypothesis is confirmed for practical hull forms. Then optimization methods for the stern hull form are suggested, in which a nonlinear optimization technique is introduced. Numerical examples are given for a practical tanker hull form and a practical container hull form. From these studies, the suggested optimization method can be confirmed as a simplified and practical design method to the select frame lines of stern hull forms.     

波浪、潮流数值模拟中的网格数字地形的生成及可视化

在逐点插值算法中综合考虑了角度和距离的影响,改进了该算法中权函数的确定方法,并对水动力学数值模拟中普遍关心的边界进行了处理。进一步采取分区域选点法,用加权平均法生成了网格数字地形,实现了地形的可视化。开发了相应软件模块,并集成到已有的波浪、潮流数值模拟软件中,应用于实际工程中,取得了很好的效果。     

应用空间有限元模型进行船舶总振动特性的研究

本文以17500吨货船“海建”号为实例研究应用空间有限元模型计算船舶总振动的方法。对于实际船舶结构中的板,提出用平面应力元简化,以减少计算自由度数,由此产生的问题采用节点主从关系的方法解决。在编制的计算程序中,根据质量矩阵高度稀疏的特点,采用了稀疏存储技术,从而使船舶整体空间模型的振动分析能在国产中小型机器上实现。实例计算结果和测量结果的比较表明,这种计算模型合理、可靠。本文还对船舶总振动计算的梁模型、平面有限元模型、空间有限元模型作了比较和讨论。     

城市交通运输效率评价

通过对城市交通运输效率的分析评价,能直观的得出各因素对城市交通运输效率的不同影响,针对性地解决城市交通问题,提高交通运输效率,缓解交通拥堵.从城市发展及交通畅通性角度,采用定性的层次分析法与定量的广义函数法结合,以成都市交通运输效率评价为例,进行了分析评价并提出提高交通运输效率的建议.     

基于系统集成理论的城市道路景观设计

在我国城市道路景观实践过程中,由于建造时序的不同,城市道路的“景观破碎、缺乏集成”和“豪华奢侈、脱离实际”,不利于城市系统的和谐发展。鉴于此,本文在深入分析城市道路景观建设目标的基础上,独辟蹊径从系统范畴的角度探讨了一种“集成”的道路景观设计理念,为城市道路景观的建设提供了一个新的思路。     

求解瞬时温度场的边界层函数法

本文介绍了求解奇异摄动问题的一种有效方法——边界层函数法,并用此方法研究了在薄矩形板中的热传导问题。     

Analysis of velocity fluctuations and their intermittency properties in the surf zone using empirical mode decomposition

We consider here surf zone turbulence measurements, recorded in the Eastern English Channel using a sonic anemometer. In order to characterize the intermittent properties of their fluctuations at many time scales, we analyze the experimental time series using the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method. The series is decomposed into a sum of modes, each one narrow-banded, and we show that some modes are associated with the energy containing wave breaking scales, and other modes are associated with small-scale intermittent fluctuations. We use the EMD approach in association with a newly developed method based on Hilbert spectral analysis, representing the probability density function in an amplitude–frequency space. We then characterize the fluctuations in a stochastic framework using a cumulant generating function for all scales, and compare the results obtained from direct and classical structure function analysis, to EMD–Hilbert spectral analysis results, showing that the former method saturates at large scales, whereas the latter method is more precise in its scale approach. These results show the strength of the new EMD–Hilbert spectral analysis method for data presenting a strong forcing such as found in shallow water, wave dominated situations.