车路协同环境下驾驶行为特性与交通安全综述

随着车路协同技术的发展,车路协同安全应用的相关技术是否会影响驾驶人的感知、判断、操作等驾驶行为受到愈来愈多的关注.基于这样的背景,通过对国内外车路协同技术的当前研究进展进行综述,分析车路协同环境下驾驶行为的变化,从而得出在车路协同安全应用技术全面推广之前,应充分评估车路协同技术对驾驶人行为,以及驾驶安全可靠性的影响,特别是如何最大限度地发挥其安全保障作用.     

无协作目标全站仪在建筑物倾斜观测中的应用

针对建筑物倾斜影响建筑物的质量和美观等现象,尤其是传统经纬仪观测法如投点法、铅锤观测法、利用沉降求倾斜量等方法已经不适应新形势下对建筑物倾斜观测的要求.通过工程案例,利用无协作目标全站仪对建筑物主体结构倾斜度进行了观测,并应用拟合的方法对建筑物墙面的倾斜度进行拟合运算,分析了它的测量精度,通过实例,对其可靠性进行了论证.     

基于邻域极值数的协同粒子群优化算法

提出了一种基于邻域极值数的协同粒子群优化算法。该算法将种群分为若干个独立进化的子种群。根据邻域极值数确定各子种群的生存状态。根据子种群的生存状态对子种群实施相应的控制操作,提高子种群的搜索能力,实现子种群之间的信息共享,共同进化。测试结果表明基于邻域极值数的协同粒子群优化算法是一种高效稳健的全局优化算法。     

Accommodating perceptual conditioning in the valuation of expected travel time savings for cars and public transport

Travel time variability (i.e., random variations in travel time) leads to a travel time distribution for a repeated trip from a fixed origin to destination (e.g., from home to work). To represent travel time variability, a series of possible travel times per alternative (departure time, route or mode) are often used in stated choice experiments. In the traditional models, the probabilities associated with different travel scenarios (e.g., arriving early, on time and late) shown in the experiments are directly used as weights. However, evidence from psychology suggests that the shown probabilities may be transformed (underweighted or overweighted) by respondents. To account for this transformation of probabilities, this study incorporates perceptual conditioning through a non-linear probability weighting function into a utility maximisation framework, within which the empirical estimate of the value of expected travel time savings is estimated. The key advantage of this framework is that the estimated willingness to pay value can be directly linked to the source of utility (i.e., the probability distribution of travel time), while taking into account the perceptual transformation of probabilities.     

An application of interactive management information systems to environmental planning: Coastal zone management

Recent emphasis in comprehensive planning for coastal zone regions has created the need for more effective tools for information processing and analysis to aid policymakers and planners in developing strategies for preservation of coastal zone areas. New agencies with broad powers have been created at both state and federal levels to deal with growth management in large coastal regions. However, coastal zone management (CZM) agencies have not yet been able to deal effectively with development processes. A “holding action”; is being maintained in the face of mounting pressure by developers, while planners struggle to develop (1) a data base with sufficient detail for planning; (2) a fair and rapid process for reviewing environmental impact statements and granting of development permits; and (3) a system for making the development permit application process more routine. The key to success of the CZM process is the development of a management information system (MIS) created explicitly for CZM. The prototypical system designed by the authors combines graphic display capabilities (i.e., map display) with interactive on‐line computing and large storage‐capacity computers. Problems of data structure development are documented, together with problems of assembling a large‐scale, highly detailed data base. Of particular importance is the need for well‐developed objectives and specifications for the use of computer‐based data in resolving disputes on environmental issues. A set of objectives and specifications for a prototypical coastal zone MIS is developed. The system is described in detail, showing how its capabilities directly address policy questions formulated by coastal zone planners.     

未来潜艇协同作战信息连通技术发展研究

随着潜艇执行任务和使命越来越依靠网络中心战,潜艇通信系统随之发展,潜艇将更加依赖稳固、安全和能快速传输数据的通信系统,以确保协同作战中与其他海军平台、艇外传感器、卫星和其他系统的连通性。潜艇不但需要为自身收集重要信息、还需要处理来自空中、水面和水下的信息情报。介绍了目前国内外潜艇通信技术及弱点,然后介绍了几种协同作战中潜艇信息连通技术,提出信息连通技术能力要求,最后展望了未来潜艇信息连通技术的发展。     

城市交通的多方法综合评价与分析

以城市交通综合评价方法为研究对象,采用德尔菲法和层次分析法建立了城市交通综合评价指标体系,从定性和定量两方面确定指标权重,运用灰白化权函数求模糊关系矩阵,建立了相应的模糊评价模型,并给出应用实例,对分析结果进行量化处理.     

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随着智能交通的发展,海量的交通状态实时数据成为智能交通的研究对象,利用低损耗获取高实时性的交通流状态成为实际应用研究中的重点.本文引入一种自适应加权平均的车速检测方法,与以往的方法相比,自适应加权平均方法更加简单,并且容易实现;虽然其误差比最小均方差加权平均算法略大,但是这种方法不必以存储海量的交通信息数据为代价,解决了交通信息采集过程中的关键——实时性不高、存储容量大等实际问题.通过MATLAB仿真结果可以看到,此方法大大节省了数据存储空间和数据处理的时间,适合在实际工程应用中广泛推广.     

以境外客户的实际需求为导向促进高职院校中外合作办学项目毕业生的海外就业

本文探讨了高职院校在当前严峻的就业形势下,以境外客户的实际需要为导向,发挥高职生就业的优势,创新培养模式,加强质量监控,提高中外合作办学的人才培养质量,培养国际化高技能应用型人才,以促进高职院校中外合作办学项目毕业生的海外就业这一新的路径。     

基于新课标高中英语合作教学方法探讨

在新课程理念下,教师的教学方法和学生的学习方式、教师与学生在课堂中的地位和关系等都发生着较大的转变,本文探讨了新课标背景下合作教学方法。